Connecting memory and functional brain networks in older adults: a resting-state fMRI study
This study examined within-network connectivity of cingulo-opercular (CON), frontoparietal control (FPCN), and default mode (DMN) networks, and verbal and visuospatial learning and memory in older adults. Across domains, we hypothesized that greater CON and FPCN connectivity would associate with better learning, and greater DMN connectivity would associate with better memory. A total of 330 healthy older adults (age range = 65 –89) underwent resting-state fMRI and completed the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R) in a randomized clinical trial. Total and d...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Age-specific difference in the temporal relationships between updated cardiovascular health construct and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults
AbstractPrevious studies have found that the association between modifiable risk factors and arterial stiffness varied with age. We aimed to explore the age-specific difference in the relationship between new cardiovascular health (CVH) score and arterial stiffness and further detected the age-specific temporal relationships in a prospective cohort study. During a median 4.3 years follow-up, 3757 participants were recruited in this study. A modified AHA “Life’s Essential 8” construct (mLE8 with lacking information on diet habits) was used to evaluate CVH. Branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured to as...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Intricate relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and dementia in older adults
AbstractNumerous evidence reports direct correlation between cognitive impairment, Alzheimer ’s disease and sleep disorders, in particular obstructive sleep apnea. Both obstructive sleep apnea and Alzheimer’s disease are highly prevalent conditions whose incidence increases with age. Several studies demonstrate how sleep-disordered breathing may lead to poor cognition, even though the u nderlying mechanisms of this association remain partially unclear. According to the most recent studies, obstructive sleep apnea may be considered a modifiable risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. In the present review, the authors ai...
Source: AGE - October 9, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is upregulated in aged human adults with excess adiposity but is not associated with insulin resistance and ageing
In conclusion, skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is uniquely upregulated in aged adults with excess adiposity and insulin resistance but not by ageing alone. This does not appear to be mediated by the SAT secretome or by lipid-induced insulin resistance. Thus, factors intrinsic to skeletal muscle may be responsible for the obesity-mediated upregulation of myostatin, and future work to establish causality is required. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 6, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Comparative analysis of health status and health service utilization patterns among rural and urban elderly populations in Hungary: a study on the challenges of unhealthy aging
This study aimed to describe and compare the health status and utilization of health services among the elderly residing in urban and rural areas of the most deprived region in Hungary. A comprehensive health survey was conducted in 2022, involving a randomly selected sample of 443 older adults ( ≥ 65 years) in Northeast Hungary. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, education, financial status, chronic diseases, and activity limitations were used to investigate the association between type of residence and health service use. Among the study participants, 62. 3% were female, 38.3% attained ...
Source: AGE - October 6, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Beyond the aging spine – a systematic review of functional changes in the human brain in cervical spondylotic myelopathy
In conclusion, fMRI can potentially facilitate the diagnosis of CSM by quantitativel y interrogating the functional changes of the brain, particularly areas of the brain associated with motor control. However, this field is in its early stages, and more studies are needed to establish the usefulness of brain fMRI in CSM. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 6, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Blazing a trail for the clinical use of rapamycin as a geroprotecTOR
AbstractTreatment with rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex One (mTORC1) protein kinase, has been repeatedly demonstrated to extend lifespan and prevent or delay age-related diseases in diverse model systems. Concerns over the risk of potentially serious side effects in humans, including immunosuppression and metabolic disruptions, have cautiously limited the translation of rapamycin and its analogs as a treatment for aging associated conditions. During the last decade, we and others have developed a working model that suggests that while inhibition of mTORC1 promotes healthy aging, many o...
Source: AGE - October 6, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is upregulated in aged human adults with excess adiposity but is not associated with insulin resistance and ageing
In conclusion, skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is uniquely upregulated in aged adults with excess adiposity and insulin resistance but not by ageing alone. This does not appear to be mediated by the SAT secretome or by lipid-induced insulin resistance. Thus, factors intrinsic to skeletal muscle may be responsible for the obesity-mediated upregulation of myostatin, and future work to establish causality is required. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 6, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Characterization of novel mouse models to study the role of necroptosis in aging and age-related diseases
AbstractTo study the impact of necroptosis-induced chronic inflammation on age-related diseases and aging, two knockin mouse models (Ripk3-KI andMlkl-KI) were generated that overexpress two genes involved in necroptosis (Ripk3 orMlkl) when crossed to Cre transgenic mice. CrossingRipk3-KI orMlkl-KI mice to albumin-Cre transgenic mice produced hepatocyte specifichRipk3-KI orhMlkl-KI mice, which express the two transgenes only in the liver. Ripk3 and Mlkl proteins were overexpressed 10- and fourfold, respectively, in the livers of thehRipk3-KI orhMlkl-KI mice. Treating young (2-month)hRipk3-KI orhMlkl-KI mice with carbon tetr...
Source: AGE - October 4, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Cellular senescence and frailty: a comprehensive insight into the causal links
AbstractSenescent cells may have a prominent role in driving inflammation and frailty. The impact of cellular senescence on frailty varies depending on the assessment tool used, as it is influenced by the criteria or items predominantly affected by senescent cells and the varying weights assigned to these items across different health domains. To address this challenge, we undertook a thorough review of all available studies involving gain- or loss-of-function experiments as well as interventions targeting senescent cells, focusing our attention on those studies that examined outcomes based on the individual frailty phenot...
Source: AGE - October 4, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Application of a mathematical model to clarify the statistical characteristics of a pan-tissue DNA methylation clock
This study developed a mathematical model to describe DNA methylation aging and the establishment of a pan-tissue DNA methylation clock. The model simulates the aging dynamics of DNA methylation profiles based on passive demethylation as well as the process of cross-sectional bulk data acquisition. As a result, this study identified two conditions under which the pan-tissue DNA methylation clock can successfully predict biological age: one condition is that the target tissues are sufficiently well represented in the training dataset, and the other condition is that the target sample contains cell subsets that are common am...
Source: AGE - October 3, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Hawaiian native herb Mamaki prevents dementia by ameliorating neuropathology and repairing neurons in four different mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases
AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer ’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies are age-related disorders and the main cause of dementia. They are characterized by the cerebral accumulation of Aβ, tau, α-synuclein, and TDP-43. Because the accumulation begins decades before disease onset, treatment should be started in the preclinical stage. Such intervention would be long-lasting, and therefore, prophylactic agents should be safe, non-invasively taken by the patients, and inexpensive. In addition, the agents should be broadly effective against etiologic proteins and capable of ...
Source: AGE - October 2, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Associations of measured and genetically predicted leukocyte telomere length with vascular phenotypes: a population-based study
AbstractShorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Whether this association differs between measured and genetically predicted LTL is still unclear. Moreover, the molecular processes underlying the association remain largely unknown. We used baseline data of the Rhineland Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany [56.2% women, age: 55.5 ± 14.0 years (range 30 – 95 years)]. We calculated genetically predicted LTL in 4180 participants and measured LTL in a subset of 1828 participants with qPCR. Using multivariable regression, we examined the associa...
Source: AGE - October 2, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Vascular senescence and leak are features of the early breakdown of the blood –brain barrier in Alzheimer’s disease models
AbstractAlzheimer ’s disease (AD) is an age-related disease, with loss of integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) being an early feature. Cellular senescence is one of the reported nine hallmarks of aging. Here, we show for the first time the presence of senescent cells in the vasculature in AD patients and mo use models of AD. Senescent endothelial cells and pericytes are present in APP/PS1 transgenic mice but not in wild-type littermates at the time of amyloid deposition. In vitro, senescent endothelial cells display altered VE-cadherin expression and loss of cell junction formation and increased permea bility. Co...
Source: AGE - October 2, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
