Intermittent working memory training during adulthood protects against age-related long-term spatial reference memory decline in rats
AbstractEngagement in cognitive activity in adulthood is one of the factors that enable successful cognitive aging, both in humans and rodents. However, some studies emphasize that the beneficial effect on cognition of such an activity may reflect carry over from one test situation to another, including memory for procedural aspects of the behavioral tasks, and thus question whether this effect can be limited to the trained cognitive domain or whether it can be transferred to an untrained ones. In the current study, we assessed whether adulthood intermittent working memory training has beneficial effect on long-term memory...
Source: AGE - November 1, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Fibrinogen in mice cerebral microvessels induces blood –brain barrier dysregulation with aging via a dynamin-related protein 1–dependent pathway
In this study, protein–protein interaction network analysis indicated that high expression of Fgn is linked with downregulated expression of both BBB- and mitochondrial fission/fusion–related proteins in mice cortical MVs with aging. To in vestigate the mechanism of Fgn action, we observed that 2 mg/mL or higher concentration of human plasma Fgn changed cell morphology, induced cytotoxicity, and increased BBB permeability in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). The BBB tight junction proteins were significant ly decreased with increasing concentration of human plasma Fgn in primary HBMECs. Sim...
Source: AGE - October 28, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Comparative analysis of animal lifespan
AbstractComparative studies of aging are a promising approach to identifying general properties of and processes leading to aging. While to date, many comparative studies of aging in animals have focused on relatively narrow species groups, methodological innovations now allow for studies that include evolutionary distant species. However, comparative studies of aging across a wide range of species that have distinct life histories introduce additional challenges in experimental design. Here, we discuss these challenges, highlight the most pressing problems that need to be solved, and provide suggestions based on current a...
Source: AGE - October 27, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Divergence in aerobic capacity and energy expenditure influence metabolic tissue mitochondrial protein synthesis rates in aged rats
AbstractAge-associated declines in aerobic capacity promote the development of various metabolic diseases. In rats selectively bred for high/low intrinsic aerobic capacity, greater aerobic capacity reduces susceptibility to metabolic disease while increasing longevity. However, little remains known how intrinsic aerobic capacity protects against metabolic disease, particularly with aging. Here, we tested the effects of aging and intrinsic aerobic capacity on systemic energy expenditure, metabolic flexibility and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates using 24-month-old low-capacity (LCR) or high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. ...
Source: AGE - October 26, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Degenerative cervical myelopathy: establishing severity thresholds for neuromotor dysfunction in the aging spine using the NIH Toolbox Assessment Scale
This study serves as a foundation for future research to facilitate the discovery of innovative treatment strategies for DCM and othe r neurological conditions. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Frailty is associated with worse executive function and higher cerebral blood velocity in cognitively healthy older adults: a cross-sectional study
AbstractFrailty is characterized by an increased vulnerability to adverse health events. Executive function impairment is an early sign of progression towards cognitive impairments. Whether frailty is associated with executive function and the associated mechanisms are unclear. We test the hypothesis that higher frailty is associated with worse executive function (Trail Making Test) and if aerobic fitness, prefrontal cortex oxygenation ( ΔO2Hb), or middle-cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) impact this association. Forty-one (38 females) cognitively health older adults (70.1 ± 6.3 years) completed a Trail task and 6-min walk...
Source: AGE - October 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Reversal of biological age in multiple rat organs by young porcine plasma fraction
AbstractYoung blood plasma is known to confer beneficial effects on various organs in mice and rats. However, it was not known whether plasma from young adult pigs rejuvenates old rat tissues at the epigenetic level; whether it alters the epigenetic clock, which is a highly accurate molecular biomarker of aging. To address this question, we developed and validated six different epigenetic clocks for rat tissues that are based on DNA methylation values derived fromn = 613 tissue samples. As indicated by their respective names, the rat pan-tissue clock can be applied to DNA methylation profiles from all rat tissues, while th...
Source: AGE - October 24, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Label-free quantitative proteomics in serum reveals candidate biomarkers associated with low bone mineral density in Mexican postmenopausal women
AbstractPostmenopausal osteoporosis is a public health problem leading to an increased risk of fractures, negatively impacting women ’s health. The absence of sensitive and specific biomarkers for early detection of osteoporosis represents a substantial challenge for improving patient management. Herein, we aimed to identify potential candidate proteins associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women from the Mexican population. Serum samples from postmenopausal women (40 with normal BMD, 40 with osteopenia (OS), and 20 with osteoporosis (OP)) were analyzed by label-free LC–MS/MS quantitative pro...
Source: AGE - October 24, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Inhibition of p53-MDM2 binding reduces senescent cell abundance and improves the adaptive responses of skeletal muscle from aged mice
AbstractSkeletal muscle adaptation to external stimuli, such as regeneration following injury and hypertrophy in response to resistance exercise, are blunted with advanced age. The accumulation of senescent cells, along with defects in myogenic progenitor cell (MPC) proliferation, have been strongly linked as contributing factors to age-associated impairment in muscle adaptation. p53 plays an integral role in all these processes, as upregulation of p53 causes apoptosis in senescent cells and prevents mitotic catastrophe in MPCs from old mice. The goal of this study was to determine if a novel pharmaceutical agent (BI01), w...
Source: AGE - October 24, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
How cognitive performance changes according to the ankle-brachial index score in an elderly cohort? Results from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing
AbstractIn the ageing process, the vascular system undergoes morphological and functional changes that may condition brain functioning; for this reason, the aims of this study were to assess the effect of vascular function indirectly measured by ankle-brachial index (ABI) on both cognitive performance at baseline and change in cognitive performance at end of follow-up. We developed a prospective, population-based, cohort study with 1147 participants aged > 65 years obtained from the Toledo Study for Healthy Ageing who had cognitive assessment and measured ABI in the first wave (2006–2009) were selected for the ...
Source: AGE - October 23, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Neuropathological and sociodemographic factors associated with the cortical amyloid load in aging and Alzheimer ’s disease
AbstractAlzheimer ’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive abilities. A pathological hallmark of AD is a region-specific accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein (Aβ). Here, we explored the association between regional Aβ deposition, sociodemograp hic, and local biochemical factors. We quantified the Aβ burden in postmortem cortical samples from parietal (PCx) and temporal (TCx) regions of 27 cognitively unimpaired (CU) and 15 AD donors, aged 78–100 + years. Histological images of Aβ immunohistochemistry and local concentrations of pa thological...
Source: AGE - October 23, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Intrinsic functional brain connectivity changes following aerobic exercise, computerized cognitive training, and their combination in physically inactive healthy late-middle-aged adults: the Projecte Moviment
AbstractLifestyle interventions have positive neuroprotective effects in aging. However, there are still open questions about how changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) contribute to cognitive improvements. The Projecte Moviment is a 12-week randomized controlled trial of a multimodal data acquisition protocol that investigated the effects of aerobic exercise (AE), computerized cognitive training (CCT), and their combination (COMB). An initial list of 109 participants was recruited from which a total of 82 participants (62% female; age = 58.38 ± 5.47) finished the intervention with a level of adh...
Source: AGE - October 23, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
How cognitive performance changes according to the ankle-brachial index score in an elderly cohort? Results from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing
AbstractIn the ageing process, the vascular system undergoes morphological and functional changes that may condition brain functioning; for this reason, the aims of this study were to assess the effect of vascular function indirectly measured by ankle-brachial index (ABI) on both cognitive performance at baseline and change in cognitive performance at end of follow-up. We developed a prospective, population-based, cohort study with 1147 participants aged > 65 years obtained from the Toledo Study for Healthy Ageing who had cognitive assessment and measured ABI in the first wave (2006–2009) were selected for the ...
Source: AGE - October 23, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The impact of cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments on fall risk in older adults: a scoping review and evidence map
ConclusionAlthough the majority of studies showed a reduction in falls after the intervention, the total amount of evidence regarding the effect of cardiovascular diagnostics/treatments on falls is small. Our findings can be used to optimize fall prevention strategies and develop an evidence-based fall prevention care pathway. Adhering to the World guidelines on fall prevention recommendations, it is crucial to undertake a standardized assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, followed by supplementary testing and corresponding interventions, as effective components of fall prevention strategies. In addition, accompanying...
Source: AGE - October 21, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
