Castration reduces mortality and increases resilience in male mice: what is next?
AbstractThis commentary concerns our recent report that prepubertal castration rescued the shorter lifespan of males, using the first mouse line that robustly shows the same shorter longevity with a similar age-variable mortality disadvantage as human males. This model provides a unique opportunity for research to uncover the basis for this clinically important sex difference in aging. Researchers can now identify the hormones involved, the duration of exposure required, and, most important, the cellular and molecular targets, with the ultimate goal of developing therapeutic interventions to enhance health and reduce morta...
Source: AGE - October 20, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Frailty prevalence in 42 European countries by age and gender: development of the SHARE Frailty Atlas for Europe
AbstractComparative frailty prevalence data across European countries is sparse due to heterogeneous measurement methods. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE) initiative conducted interviews with probability sampling of non-institutionalized elderly people in several European countries. Previous frailty  analyses of SHARE datasets were limited to initial SHARE countries and did not provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence. Our aim was to provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence estimates in all European countries, with predictions where necessary. From 29 SHARE participat ing count...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
A variant in the 5 ′UTR of ERBB4 is associated with lifespan in Golden Retrievers
AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) in long-lived human populations have led to identification of variants associated with Alzheimer ’s disease and cardiovascular disease, the latter being the most common cause of mortality in people worldwide. In contrast, naturally occurring cancer represents the leading cause of death in pet dogs, and specific breeds like the Golden Retriever (GR) carry up to a 65% cancer-related death rate. We hypothesized that GWAS of long-lived GRs might lead to the identification of genetic variants capable of modifying longevity within this cancer-predisposed breed. A GWAS was performe...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Epicardial fat and insulin resistance in healthy older adults: a cross-sectional analysis
AbstractInsulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are relevant concerns in the elderly population; as the world ’s population ages, IR and CVD are two universal public health problems. While a link between IR a CVD has been established, the mediating mechanisms are uncertain and rigorous investigations are needed to fully elucidate them. The study aimed at assessing the relationship between epicardial fat ( EF), an indicator of cardiovascular risk, and IR in Italian free-living elderly (n = 89). Baseline data from a previous cohort was used. Anthropometric measurements, EF, and IR-related variables, i...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Aging is associated with impaired triggering of TRPV3-mediated cutaneous vasodilation: a crucial process for local heat exposure
This study shows that aging alters the epidermal TRPV3 channels, which might delay the detection of changes in skin temperature, thereby limiting the mechanisms triggered for local vascular thermoregulation in the old skin. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of calorie restriction on redox status during chemically induced estropause in female mice
AbstractIn females, there is a continuous decline of the ovarian reserve with age, which results in menopause in women or estropause in mice. Loss of ovarian function results in metabolic alterations in mice and women. Based on this, we aimed to evaluate the effect of caloric restriction (CR) on redox status and metabolic changes in chemically induced estropause in mice. For this, mice were divided into four groups (n = 10): cyclic ad libitum (AL), cyclic 30% CR, AL estropause, and estropause 30% CR. Estropause was induced using 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) for 20 consecutive days in 2-month-old females. The CR proto...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Frailty prevalence in 42 European countries by age and gender: development of the SHARE Frailty Atlas for Europe
AbstractComparative frailty prevalence data across European countries is sparse due to heterogeneous measurement methods. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE) initiative conducted interviews with probability sampling of non-institutionalized elderly people in several European countries. Previous frailty  analyses of SHARE datasets were limited to initial SHARE countries and did not provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence. Our aim was to provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence estimates in all European countries, with predictions where necessary. From 29 SHARE participat ing count...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
A variant in the 5 ′UTR of ERBB4 is associated with lifespan in Golden Retrievers
AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) in long-lived human populations have led to identification of variants associated with Alzheimer ’s disease and cardiovascular disease, the latter being the most common cause of mortality in people worldwide. In contrast, naturally occurring cancer represents the leading cause of death in pet dogs, and specific breeds like the Golden Retriever (GR) carry up to a 65% cancer-related death rate. We hypothesized that GWAS of long-lived GRs might lead to the identification of genetic variants capable of modifying longevity within this cancer-predisposed breed. A GWAS was performe...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Epicardial fat and insulin resistance in healthy older adults: a cross-sectional analysis
AbstractInsulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are relevant concerns in the elderly population; as the world ’s population ages, IR and CVD are two universal public health problems. While a link between IR a CVD has been established, the mediating mechanisms are uncertain and rigorous investigations are needed to fully elucidate them. The study aimed at assessing the relationship between epicardial fat ( EF), an indicator of cardiovascular risk, and IR in Italian free-living elderly (n = 89). Baseline data from a previous cohort was used. Anthropometric measurements, EF, and IR-related variables, i...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Aging is associated with impaired triggering of TRPV3-mediated cutaneous vasodilation: a crucial process for local heat exposure
This study shows that aging alters the epidermal TRPV3 channels, which might delay the detection of changes in skin temperature, thereby limiting the mechanisms triggered for local vascular thermoregulation in the old skin. (Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of calorie restriction on redox status during chemically induced estropause in female mice
AbstractIn females, there is a continuous decline of the ovarian reserve with age, which results in menopause in women or estropause in mice. Loss of ovarian function results in metabolic alterations in mice and women. Based on this, we aimed to evaluate the effect of caloric restriction (CR) on redox status and metabolic changes in chemically induced estropause in mice. For this, mice were divided into four groups (n = 10): cyclic ad libitum (AL), cyclic 30% CR, AL estropause, and estropause 30% CR. Estropause was induced using 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) for 20 consecutive days in 2-month-old females. The CR proto...
Source: AGE - October 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review
AbstractFunctional decline of physiological systems during ageing leads to age-related diseases. Dietary glycine increases healthy lifespan in model organisms and might decrease inflammation in humans, suggesting its geroprotective potential. This review summarises the evidence of glycine administration on the characteristics of eleven physiological systems in adult humans. Databases were searched using key search terms: ‘glycine’, ‘adult’, ‘supplementation’/ ‘administration’/ ‘ingestion’/ ‘treatment’. Glycine was administered to healthy and diseased populations (18 and 34 studies) for up to 14 day...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
HRV-guided training vs traditional HIIT training in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial
AbstractHigh-intensity interval training is the gold standard for cardiac rehabilitation although current revascularization therapy focuses on the recovery of autonomic nervous system balance through heart rate variability (HRV). The main objective was to analyze the effect of HRV-guided training versus high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, heart rate variability, quality of life, and training volume at high intensity, as well as exercise adherence, safety, and feasibility in ischemic patients. This is an 8-week cluster randomized controlled trial with an HRV-based training group (HRV-G) and a trad...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Immune cell composition varies by age, sex and exposure to social adversity in free-ranging Rhesus Macaques
AbstractIncreasing age is associated with dysregulated immune function and increased inflammation —patterns that are also observed in individuals exposed to chronic social adversity. Yet we still know little about how social adversity impacts the immune system and how it might promote age-related diseases. Here, we investigated how immune cell diversity varied with age, sex and social adversit y (operationalized as low social status) in free-ranging rhesus macaques. We found age-related signatures of immunosenescence, including lower proportions of CD20 + B cells, CD20 + /CD3 + ratio, and CD4 + /CD8 +â€...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
