Senolytic treatment does not mitigate oxidative stress-induced muscle atrophy but improves muscle force generation in CuZn superoxide dismutase knockout mice
AbstractOxidative stress is associated with tissue dysfunctions that can lead to reduced health. Prior work has shown that oxidative stress contributes to both muscle atrophy and cellular senescence, which is a hallmark of aging that may drive in muscle atrophy and muscle contractile dysfunction. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that cellular senescence contributes to muscle atrophy or weakness. To increase potential senescence in skeletal muscle, we used a model of oxidative stress-induced muscle frailty, the CuZn superoxide dismutase knockout (Sod1KO) mouse. We treated 6-month-old wildtype (WT) andSod1...
Source: AGE - January 18, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Metformin treatment of juvenile mice alters aging-related developmental and metabolic phenotypes in sex-dependent and sex-independent manners
This study examined the effects of early-life metformin treatment on the development and metabolism of C57BL/6 J (B6) mice, with metformin administered to juvenile mice from 15 to 56 days of age. Metformin treatment led to decreased body weight in both sexes (P < 0.05,t-test). At 9 weeks of age, mice were euthanized and organ weights were recorded. The relative weight of retroperitoneal fat was decreased in females, while relative weights of perigonadal and retroperitoneal fat were decreased, and relative liver weight was increased in males (P < 0.05,t-test). Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT an...
Source: AGE - January 16, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Frontal –temporal regional differences in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function using 31P MRS in older adults
AbstractAging is a major risk for cognitive decline and transition to dementia. One well-known age-related change involves decreased brain efficiency and energy production, mediated in part by changes in mitochondrial function. Damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). The aim of the current study was to investigate mitochondrial function over frontal and temporal regions in a sample of 70 cognitively normal older adults with subjective memory complaints and a first-degree family history of AD. We hypothesized...
Source: AGE - January 16, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Metformin treatment of juvenile mice alters aging-related developmental and metabolic phenotypes in sex-dependent and sex-independent manners
This study examined the effects of early-life metformin treatment on the development and metabolism of C57BL/6 J (B6) mice, with metformin administered to juvenile mice from 15 to 56 days of age. Metformin treatment led to decreased body weight in both sexes (P < 0.05,t-test). At 9 weeks of age, mice were euthanized and organ weights were recorded. The relative weight of retroperitoneal fat was decreased in females, while relative weights of perigonadal and retroperitoneal fat were decreased, and relative liver weight was increased in males (P < 0.05,t-test). Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT an...
Source: AGE - January 16, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Frontal –temporal regional differences in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function using 31P MRS in older adults
AbstractAging is a major risk for cognitive decline and transition to dementia. One well-known age-related change involves decreased brain efficiency and energy production, mediated in part by changes in mitochondrial function. Damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). The aim of the current study was to investigate mitochondrial function over frontal and temporal regions in a sample of 70 cognitively normal older adults with subjective memory complaints and a first-degree family history of AD. We hypothesized...
Source: AGE - January 16, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Brain control of dual-task walking can be improved in aging and neurological disease
AbstractThe peak prevalence of multiple sclerosis has shifted into older age groups, but co-occurring and possibly synergistic motoric and cognitive declines in this patient population are poorly understood. Dual-task-walking performance, subserved by the prefrontal cortex, and compromised in multiple sclerosis and aging, predicts health outcomes. Whether acute practice can improve dual-task walking performance and prefrontal cortex hemodynamic response efficiency in multiple sclerosis has not been reported. To address this gap in the literature, the current study examined task- and practice-related effects on dual-task-wa...
Source: AGE - January 15, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Eliminating senescent cells by white adipose tissue –targeted senotherapy alleviates age-related hepatic steatosis through decreasing lipolysis
AbstractCellular senescence is an important risk factor in the development of hepatic steatosis. Senolytics present therapeutic effects on age-related hepatic steatosis without eliminating senescent hepatocytes directly. Therefore, it highlights the need to find senolytics ’ therapeutic targets. Dysfunction of adipose tissue underlies the critical pathogenesis of lipotoxicity in the liver. However, the correlation between adipose tissue and hepatic steatosis during aging and its underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. We explored the correlation be tween white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver during a...
Source: AGE - January 13, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Impact of knockout of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 on structural and mechanical properties of rat middle cerebral arteries: implications for vascular aging
AbstractVascular aging influences hemodynamics, elevating risks for vascular diseases and dementia. We recently demonstrated that knockout (KO) ofDusp5 enhances cerebral and renal hemodynamics and cognitive function. This improvement correlates with elevated pPKC and pERK1/2 levels in the brain and kidneys. Additionally, we observed thatDusp5 KO modulates the passive mechanical properties of cerebral and renal arterioles, associated with increased myogenic tone at low pressure, enhanced distensibility, greater compliance, and reduced stiffness. The present study evaluates the structural and mechanical properties of the mid...
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients induces Warburg metabolism and cell proliferation through TGF β-ERK signaling
This study aimed to determine the biological effects of cell-free ascites on carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer cells. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients (ASC) non-selectively induced cell proliferation in multiple models of ovarian cancer and untransformed primary human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, ASC induced a Warburg-type rearrangement of cellular metabolism in A2780 ovarian cancer cells characterized by increases in cellular oxygen consumption and glycolytic flux; increases in glycolytic flux were dominant. ASC induced mitochondrial uncoupling and fundamentally reduced fatty acid oxidation. Ascites-elici...
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Early neurological changes in aging cervical spine: insights from PROMIS mobility assessment
In this study, 51 DCM patients and 42 age-matched healthy control (HC) were enrolled. The degree of cervical spinal cord compression was assessed using the high-resolution cervical spinal cord T2 Weighted (T2w) MRIs, which were available for 14 DCM patients. Measurements of the spinal cords anterior –posterior (AP) diameter at the region(s) that were visibly compressed as well as at different cervical spine levels were used to determine the degree of compression. The age-matched HC cohort had a similar MRI to establish the normal range for AP diameter. Twelve (12) participants in the HC cohor t had MRI evidence of cervic...
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Anticipating the future of the COVID-19 pandemic: insights into the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variant JN.1 and its projected impact on older adults
(Source: AGE)
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Impact of knockout of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 on structural and mechanical properties of rat middle cerebral arteries: implications for vascular aging
AbstractVascular aging influences hemodynamics, elevating risks for vascular diseases and dementia. We recently demonstrated that knockout (KO) ofDusp5 enhances cerebral and renal hemodynamics and cognitive function. This improvement correlates with elevated pPKC and pERK1/2 levels in the brain and kidneys. Additionally, we observed thatDusp5 KO modulates the passive mechanical properties of cerebral and renal arterioles, associated with increased myogenic tone at low pressure, enhanced distensibility, greater compliance, and reduced stiffness. The present study evaluates the structural and mechanical properties of the mid...
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients induces Warburg metabolism and cell proliferation through TGF β-ERK signaling
This study aimed to determine the biological effects of cell-free ascites on carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer cells. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients (ASC) non-selectively induced cell proliferation in multiple models of ovarian cancer and untransformed primary human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, ASC induced a Warburg-type rearrangement of cellular metabolism in A2780 ovarian cancer cells characterized by increases in cellular oxygen consumption and glycolytic flux; increases in glycolytic flux were dominant. ASC induced mitochondrial uncoupling and fundamentally reduced fatty acid oxidation. Ascites-elici...
Source: AGE - January 10, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
