The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review
AbstractFunctional decline of physiological systems during ageing leads to age-related diseases. Dietary glycine increases healthy lifespan in model organisms and might decrease inflammation in humans, suggesting its geroprotective potential. This review summarises the evidence of glycine administration on the characteristics of eleven physiological systems in adult humans. Databases were searched using key search terms: ‘glycine’, ‘adult’, ‘supplementation’/ ‘administration’/ ‘ingestion’/ ‘treatment’. Glycine was administered to healthy and diseased populations (18 and 34 studies) for up to 14 day...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
HRV-guided training vs traditional HIIT training in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial
AbstractHigh-intensity interval training is the gold standard for cardiac rehabilitation although current revascularization therapy focuses on the recovery of autonomic nervous system balance through heart rate variability (HRV). The main objective was to analyze the effect of HRV-guided training versus high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, heart rate variability, quality of life, and training volume at high intensity, as well as exercise adherence, safety, and feasibility in ischemic patients. This is an 8-week cluster randomized controlled trial with an HRV-based training group (HRV-G) and a trad...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Immune cell composition varies by age, sex and exposure to social adversity in free-ranging Rhesus Macaques
AbstractIncreasing age is associated with dysregulated immune function and increased inflammation —patterns that are also observed in individuals exposed to chronic social adversity. Yet we still know little about how social adversity impacts the immune system and how it might promote age-related diseases. Here, we investigated how immune cell diversity varied with age, sex and social adversit y (operationalized as low social status) in free-ranging rhesus macaques. We found age-related signatures of immunosenescence, including lower proportions of CD20 + B cells, CD20 + /CD3 + ratio, and CD4 + /CD8 +...
Source: AGE - October 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The association of leukocyte telomere length with exceptional longevity among older women
AbstractThe association of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with survival to late life with intact mobility has not been adequately studied. This prospective cohort study consisted of 1451 postmenopausal women from a Women ’s Health Initiative ancillary study, who were eligible, because of birth year, to survive to age 90 as of March 6, 2021. LTL was measured by Southern blot at baseline (1993–1998). Associations between LTL and survival to age 90 were evaluated using logistic regression models adjusted for socio- demographic characteristics, health factors, and lifestyle factors. Multinominal logistic regression was ut...
Source: AGE - October 16, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Systemic inflammatory and gut microbiota responses to fracture in young and middle-aged mice
In this study, we investigated the systemic cytokine and intestinal microbiome response to closed femur fracture in 3-month-old (young adult) and 15-month-old (middle-aged) female wild-type mice. Middle-aged mice had a serum cytokine profile that was distinct from young mice at days 10, 14, and 18 post-fracture. This was characterized by increased concentrations of IL-17a, IL-10, IL-6, MCP-1, EPO, and TNF α. We also observed changes in the community structure of the gut microbiota in both young and middle-aged mice that was evident as early as day 3 post-fracture. This included an Enterobacteriaceae bloom at day 3 post-fr...
Source: AGE - October 12, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
OVCH1 Antisense RNA 1 is differentially expressed between non-frail and frail old adults
AbstractWhile some old adults stay healthy and non-frail up to late in life, others experience multimorbidity and frailty often accompanied by a pro-inflammatory state. The underlying molecular mechanisms for those differences are still obscure. Here, we used gene expression analysis to understand the molecular underpinning between non-frail and frail individuals in old age. Twenty-four adults (50% non-frail and 50% frail) from InCHIANTI study were included. Total RNA extracted from whole blood was analyzed by Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE). CAGE identified transcription start site (TSS) and active enhancer regions...
Source: AGE - October 11, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Autonomic nervous system imbalance during aging contributes to impair endogenous anti-inflammaging strategies
AbstractInflammaging refers to the age-related low grade, sterile, chronic, systemic, and long-lasting subclinical, proinflammatory status, currently recognized as the main risk factor for development and progression of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). Extensive investigations were focused on a plethora of proinflammatory stimuli that can fuel inflammaging, underestimating and partly neglecting important endogenous anti-inflammaging mechanisms that could play a crucial role in such age-related proinflammatory state. Studies on autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions during aging highlighted an imbalance toward...
Source: AGE - October 11, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
OVCH1 Antisense RNA 1 is differentially expressed between non-frail and frail old adults
AbstractWhile some old adults stay healthy and non-frail up to late in life, others experience multimorbidity and frailty often accompanied by a pro-inflammatory state. The underlying molecular mechanisms for those differences are still obscure. Here, we used gene expression analysis to understand the molecular underpinning between non-frail and frail individuals in old age. Twenty-four adults (50% non-frail and 50% frail) from InCHIANTI study were included. Total RNA extracted from whole blood was analyzed by Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE). CAGE identified transcription start site (TSS) and active enhancer regions...
Source: AGE - October 11, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Connecting memory and functional brain networks in older adults: a resting-state fMRI study
This study examined within-network connectivity of cingulo-opercular (CON), frontoparietal control (FPCN), and default mode (DMN) networks, and verbal and visuospatial learning and memory in older adults. Across domains, we hypothesized that greater CON and FPCN connectivity would associate with better learning, and greater DMN connectivity would associate with better memory. A total of 330 healthy older adults (age range = 65 –89) underwent resting-state fMRI and completed the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R) in a randomized clinical trial. Total and d...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Practice makes imperfect: stronger implicit interference with practice in individuals at high risk of developing Alzheimer ’s disease
AbstractEarly screening to determine patient risk of developing Alzheimer ’s will allow better interventions and planning but necessitates accessible methods such as behavioral biomarkers. Previously, we showed that cognitively healthy older individuals whose cerebrospinal fluid amyloid/tau ratio indicates high risk of cognitive decline experienced implicit interference during a high-effort task, signaling early changes in attention. To further investigate attention’s effect on implicit interference, we analyzed two experiments completed sequentially by the same high- and low-risk individuals. We hypothesized that if a...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Age-specific difference in the temporal relationships between updated cardiovascular health construct and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults
AbstractPrevious studies have found that the association between modifiable risk factors and arterial stiffness varied with age. We aimed to explore the age-specific difference in the relationship between new cardiovascular health (CVH) score and arterial stiffness and further detected the age-specific temporal relationships in a prospective cohort study. During a median 4.3 years follow-up, 3757 participants were recruited in this study. A modified AHA “Life’s Essential 8” construct (mLE8 with lacking information on diet habits) was used to evaluate CVH. Branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured to as...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Practice makes imperfect: stronger implicit interference with practice in individuals at high risk of developing Alzheimer ’s disease
AbstractEarly screening to determine patient risk of developing Alzheimer ’s will allow better interventions and planning but necessitates accessible methods such as behavioral biomarkers. Previously, we showed that cognitively healthy older individuals whose cerebrospinal fluid amyloid/tau ratio indicates high risk of cognitive decline experienced implicit interference during a high-effort task, signaling early changes in attention. To further investigate attention’s effect on implicit interference, we analyzed two experiments completed sequentially by the same high- and low-risk individuals. We hypothesized that if a...
Source: AGE - October 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
