Management of pasireotide-induced hyperglycemia in patients with acromegaly: An experts ’ consensus statement
Pasireotide is a somatostatin analogue for the treatment of acromegaly, a chronic condition caused by excess growth hormone. Despite the therapeutic benefits of pasireotide as a second-line treatment for inadequately controlled acromegaly, a major concern is its hyperglycemic side-effect. Here, we provide guidance on how to select appropriate patients with acromegaly for treatment with pasireotide. We summarize baseline characteristics of patients at high risk for pasireotide-associated hyperglycemia and recommend a monitoring strategy based on the risk profile. Self-monitoring of blood glucose levels (SMBG), measurements ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - February 9, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Hepatic Glucagon Action - Beyond Glucose Mobilization
Physiol Rev. 2024 Feb 1. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGlucagon's ability to promote hepatic glucose production has been known for over a century with initial observations touting this hormone as a diabetogenic agent. However, glucagon receptor agonism (when balanced with an incretin, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) to dampen glucose excursions) is now being developed as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic diseases, like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH), and may also have benef...
Source: Physiological Reviews - February 1, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Sarina Kajani Rhianna C Laker Sarah Will Ekaterina Ratkova Christopher J Rhodes Source Type: research
Deficiency in both GLP-1R and GIPR Signaling Enhances Aeroallergen-induced Innate Airway Inflammation
Incretin mimetic drugs are currently used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition, anti-inflammatory effects of the incretin signaling through glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and gastric inhibitory peptide receptor (GIPR) have been reported. Therefore, we compared effects of signaling singly through the GLP-1R and GIPR and signaling through both receptors combined in a mouse model of airway inflammation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shinji Toki, Masako Abney, Jian Zhang, Katherine Cahill, Daniel Drucker, Kevin Niswender, Stokes Peebles Source Type: research
Malnutrition and Sarcopenia as Reasons for Caution with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use in HFpEF
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have emerged as promising agents to improve outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity. GLP-1 is an incretin hormone produced endogenously by the gut in response to food intake that augments insulin release and inhibits glucagon secretion, thereby reducing hepatic glucose production. As such, GLP-1RA were developed for glycemic control in patients with diabetes, with the first approval in 2005. In addition, GLP-1 agonists delay gastric emptying and inhibit appetite, resulting in decreased food intake and weight loss. (Sour...
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - January 30, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elissa Driggin, Parag Goyal Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Low dose sulphonylurea plus DPP4 inhibitor lower blood glucose and enhance beta cell function without hypoglycaemia
CONCLUSIONS: Low dose sulphonylurea plus DPP4i has potent glucose lowering effect through augmentation of beta cell function. A double-blind randomised controlled trial would formalise efficacy and safety of this combination, which may avoid negative aspects of SU.PMID:38267622 | DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgae033 (Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - January 24, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ruth Lorna Mary Cordiner Khaled Bedair Andrea Mari Ewan Pearson Source Type: research
Exendin-4 affects calcium signalling predominantly during activation and activity of beta cell networks in acute mouse pancreas tissue slices
Tight control of beta cell stimulus-secretion coupling is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of energy-rich nutrients. While glucose serves as a primary regulator of this process, incretins augment beta cell function, partly by enhancing cytosolic [Ca2+] dynamics. However, the details of how precisely they affect beta cell recruitment during activation, their active time, and functional connectivity during plateau activity, and how they influence beta cell deactivation remain to be described. Performing functional multicellular Ca2+ imaging in acute mouse pancreas tissue slices enabled us to systematically assess the effe...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - January 16, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
An Update on Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibiting Peptides
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2024 Jan 3. doi: 10.2174/0113892037287976231212104607. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDiabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. According to the International Diabetes Federation, about 537 million people are living with diabetes. The two types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), among which the population affected by T2DM is relatively higher. A major reason for T2DM is that insulin stimulation is hampered due to the inactivation of incretin hormones. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) is a serine protease that is directly involved in the inactivation of...
Source: Current Protein and Peptide Science - January 4, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: S A Sivaraman V Sabareesh Source Type: research
Body Fat Depletion: the Yin Paradigm for Treating Type 2 Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo highlight that body fat depletion (the Yin paradigm) with glucose-lowering treatments (the Yang paradigm) are associated with metabolic benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Recent FindingsThe sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor-mediated sodium/glucose deprivation can directly improve glycemic control and kidney outcome in patients with T2DM. The glucose deprivation might also promote systemic fatty acid β-oxidation to deplete ectopic/visceral fat and thereby contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. As with metabolic surgery, bioengineered incretin-base...
Source: Current Atherosclerosis Reports - December 27, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Intra-pancreatic fat is associated with high circulating glucagon and GLP-1 concentrations following whey protein ingestion in overweight women with impaired fasting glucose: A randomised controlled trial
Type-2 diabetes is a global health challenge characterised by elevated blood glucose levels. Pre-diabetes, an intermediate pathophysiological state between normoglycaemia and type-2 diabetes, may involve alterations of multiple metabolic pathways. The cause for elevated blood glucose may be multifactorial, including insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, altered incretin hormone signalling, and/or increased hepatic glucose production, hence giving rise to diverse clinical phenotypes observed in individuals with pre-diabetes [1,2]. (Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice)
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - December 26, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jia Jiet Lim, Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson, Wilson C.Y. Yip, Louise W. Lu, Jennifer L. Miles-Chan, Sally D. Poppitt Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
The GLP-1-mediated Gut-Kidney Cross Talk in Humans: Mechanistic Insight
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00476.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncretin-based therapy is an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies on renal effect of GLP-1. There is not consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human kidneys. Rodent and primate data suggest GLP-1R distribution in smooth muscle cells in the preglomerular vasculature. Native GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists elicit renal effects. Independently of ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - December 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Gitte Rye Hinrichs Peter Hovind Ali Asmar Source Type: research
