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Giggle incontinence: a scoping review
Pediatr Res. 2024 Feb 2. doi: 10.1038/s41390-024-03065-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGiggle incontinence (GI) is poorly described, defined, and understood. It is considered a bladder storage disorder in which laughter causes an uncontrollable episode of urinary incontinence that cannot be stopped until the bladder is completely emptied. It has been confused with stress urinary incontinence and overactive bladder. A thorough analysis of 26 articles on the subject of "giggle incontinence" and associated terms was performed, including all articles since the phrase first appeared. To date, 351 GI cases have been reported. I...
Source: Pediatric Research - February 2, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Adri án A González-Maldonado Manuel Garc ía-Mérida Source Type: research

Efficacy of Methylphenidate for Internet Gaming Disorder and Internet Addiction in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
CONCLUSION: This longitudinal prospective study contributes to the understanding of IGD/IA treatment in ADHD patients and highlights the importance of considering individual clinical characteristics when predicting treatment response. However, MPH may not directly impact IGD/IA symptom reduction.PMID:38299404 | DOI:10.2174/0113816128281014240124074845 (Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design)
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andrea Salvati Gianluca Sesso Francesca Lenzi Gabriele Masi Stefano Berloffa Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy to Improve Cognitive Functioning After Acquired Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Jan 31. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3186. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive impairments, common sequelae of acquired brain injury (ABI), significantly affect rehabilitation and quality of life. Currently, there is no solid evidence-base for pharmacotherapy to improve cognitive functioning after ABI, nevertheless off-label use is widely applied in clinical practice. This meta-analysis and meta-regression aims to quantitatively aggregate the available evidence for the effects of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of cognitive impairments following ABI. We conducted a comprehensive search of Emb...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - January 31, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ruud van der Veen Marsh K önigs Simon Bakker Andries van Iperen Saskia Peerdeman Pierre M Bet Jaap Oosterlaan Source Type: research

Emerging drugs for the treatment of irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2024 Jan 31:1-12. doi: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2313650. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset disorder with a prevalence of 1% among children and reported disability-adjusted life years of 4.31 million. Irritability is a challenging behavior associated with ASD, for which medication development has lagged. More specifically, pharmacotherapy effectiveness may be limited against high adverse effects (considering side effect profiles and patient medication sensitivity); thus, the possible benefits of pharmacological interventions must be balanced ag...
Source: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs - January 31, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ahmad Shamabadi Hanie Karimi Razman Arabzadeh Bahri Mohsen Motavaselian Shahin Akhondzadeh Source Type: research

Improving Methylphenidate Titration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Placebo-Controlled Titration Implemented in Clinical Practice
CONCLUSIONS: PCT can be used to improve detection of children who do not benefit from MPH, and may therefore potentially reduce overtreatment of ADHD with MPH.PMID:38280943 | DOI:10.1007/s40272-023-00604-8 (Source: Paediatric Drugs)
Source: Paediatric Drugs - January 27, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Karen Vertessen Marjolein Luman Pierre Bet Catharina E Bergwerff Marco Bottelier Reino Stoffelsen James M Swanson Annemiek Wisse Jos Twisk Jaap Oosterlaan Source Type: research

Development of a novel rodent rapid serial visual presentation task reveals dissociable effects of stimulant versus nonstimulant treatments on attentional processes
This study developed a novel touchscreen task for rats based on the structure of a human RSVP task and used pharmacological manipulations to investigate their effects on different performance measures. Normal animals were trained to respond to a target image and withhold responding to distractor images presented within a continuous sequence. In a second version of the task, a false-alarm image was included, so performance could be assessed relative to two types of nontarget distractors. The effects of acute administration of stimulant and nonstimulant treatments for ADHD (amphetamine and atomoxetine) were tested in both ta...
Source: Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience - January 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Abigail Benn Emma S J Robinson Source Type: research

Evaluation of corneal endothelial cell morphology off and on treatment by specular microscopy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
CONCLUSION: Methylphenidate treatment administered for at least six months with a diagnosis of ADHD did not have a toxic effect on the corneal endothelium.PMID:38235962 | DOI:10.1080/15569527.2024.2303442 (Source: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology)
Source: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology - January 18, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Hakan Koc Bedia Sultan Önal Esra Ho şoğlu Source Type: research

Comprehensive metabolic investigation of dopamine reuptake inhibitor HDMP ‐28 in equine liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans for doping control
This study explores the metabolic conversion of HDMP-28 mediated by equine liver microsomes andCunninghamella elegans. An extraction and detection method was developed, optimized, and validated for doping assessment in equine urine and plasma. Liquid chromatography –high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to determine metabolite structures. The study identified 31 (22 phase I and 9 phase II) metabolites of HDMP-28, including hydroxylated, hydrogenated, and hydrolyzed analogs. Glucuronic acid-conjugated metabolites were also detected. This manuscript d escribes metabolites based on the in vitro studies, which might...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - January 16, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meleparappil Muhammed Ajeebsanu, Michael Benedict Subhahar, Abdul Khader Karakka Kal, Moses Philip, Zubair Perwad, Tajudheen Kunhamu Karatt, Fatma Mohammed Graiban, Marina Joseph, Shantymol V. Jose Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Limited usefulness of neurocognitive functioning indices as predictive markers for treatment response to methylphenidate or neurofeedback@home in children and adolescents with ADHD
DiscussionCurrent findings indicate a potential value of self-report (BRIEF global score) and some objectively measured neurocognitive indices (CPT commission errors and hit reaction time variability) as treatment markers (of change) for MPH. However, we found a rather limited prognostic value with regard to predicting treatment response not (yet) allowing recommendation for clinical use. Baseline symptom severity was revealed as the most relevant predictor, replicating robust findings from previous studies. (Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry)
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - January 12, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Methylphenidate for neurological improvement post-TBI
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Nov;12(11):2987-2989. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_326_23. Epub 2023 Nov 21.ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can have numerous neurologic and cognitive sequelae. The road to recovery can be long and arduous for many patients. Improving cognition can assist in a shorter recovery time as patients may be more in tune with their plan of care. Family physicians may be helpful in assisting with the recovery process post-hospital discharge. This case report seeks to educate family physicians on the use of methylphenidate in the ambulatory setting after TBI. Here, a case of a 51-year-old man on meth...
Source: Primary Care - January 8, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Denelle Mohammed Sadhika Verma Source Type: research

Is cognitive behavioral therapy more effective than pharmacotherapy for binge spectrum disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: Data are scarce, comparisons underpowered and, considering the inherent methodological limitations of psychotherapy trials, questions arise regarding the presumed superiority of cognitive behavioral therapy. Further research is needed.PMID:38179705 | DOI:10.1177/00048674231219593 (Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry)
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - January 5, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Myrto T Samara Niki Michou Andreas S Lappas Aikaterini Argyrou Elissavet Mathioudaki Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi Eirini Tsekitsidi Zoi A Polyzopoulou Nikos Christodoulou Georgios Papazisis Michail Chourdakis Source Type: research