Treatment Options for Alopecia Areata in Children and Adolescents
AbstractAlopecia areata (AA) lifetime incidence is around 2%, with many patients first experiencing symptoms during childhood. However, ritlecitinib is the only FDA-approved treatment for pediatric patients 12 years and older. This review outlines reported topical, injectable, and oral treatment options for pediatric patients with AA. Clinical studies were obtained via a PubMed search using the following search terms: alopecia areata, areata, universalis, or totalis and medication, therapy, treatment, drug, or management. Only studies with pediatric patients were included in this review. Commonly used therapies, including ...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - March 11, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Management of IL-1-Mediated Autoinflammatory Diseases (CAPS, TRAPS, MKD, and DIRA)
AbstractSystemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are a group of rare genetic and nongenetic immune dysregulatory disorders associated with high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Therefore, early diagnosis and initiation of targeted treatment is vital in SAID patients to control the disease activity and prevent long-term immune-mediated damage. A specific group of genetically defined SAIDs is associated with increased inflammasome-mediated production of active interleukin (IL)-1. Even though progress in immunobiology and genetics has brought forth diagnostic tools and novel treatments that have been described in ...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - February 20, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Correction: Enteral and Parenteral Treatment with Caffeine for Preterm Infants in the Delivery Room: A Randomised Trial
(Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - February 16, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Existing and Emerging Targeted Therapies in Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis: Challenges and Unmet Needs
AbstractJuvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) is a heterogeneous type of non-systemic chronic inflammatory arthritis affecting children and young people. This review focuses on highlighting challenges in harmonising recommendations for the use of available therapies in JPsA, according to its distinct clinical phenotypes, and explores the similarities and differences between the disease classification and management across age. We further explore the emerging therapeutic landscape, summarising the recently completed clinical trials in JPsA, and ongoing studies in both JPsA and adults with psoriatic arthritis, highlighting unm...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - February 4, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Improving Methylphenidate Titration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Placebo-Controlled Titration Implemented in Clinical Practice
ConclusionsPCT can be used to improve detection of children who do not benefit from MPH, and may therefore potentially reduce overtreatment of ADHD with MPH. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 27, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Real-World Data on the Use of Sirolimus in Asian Children with Vascular Malformations
ConclusionStarting dose of 1.5 –2 mg/m2 sirolimus is effective and safe in vascular malformation treatment. The best treatment regimen and discontinuation indications needed more investigation. Most should be done about targeted therapy to improve effectiveness and reduce side effects. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 27, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Oral Ibuprofen for the Treatment of PDA in Preterm Neonates: Urgent Need for a Safer Alternative to Hyperosmolar Formulations
(Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 27, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Infections in Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years Treated with Dupilumab in a Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis
ConclusionsThese data suggest that dupilumab treatment in infants and children younger than 6 years with AD does not increase overall risk of infections and is associated with a reduced risk of bacterial and non-herpetic skin infections compared with placebo, resulting in a reduced need for anti-infective medication.Trial RegistrationThe trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with ID number NCT03346434 on November 17, 2017.Infographic (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 24, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Use of Computerized Physician Order Entry with Clinical Decision Support to Prevent Dose Errors in Pediatric Medication Orders: A Systematic Review
ConclusionsThe CPOE –CDS systems have the potential to reduce pediatric dose errors. Most beneficial interventions seem to be system customization, implementing CDS alerts, and the use of dose range check. While human factors are still present within the medication use process, further studies and development activit ies are needed to optimize the usability of CPOE–CDS systems. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 19, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
ConclusionsVoriconazole trough concentrations vary widely in critically ill pediatric patients and only a third of the patients achieved therapeutic concentrations with initial doses. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 16, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Safety and Effectiveness of Prucalopride in Children with Functional Constipation with and without Upper Symptoms
ConclusionPrucalopride efficaciously treated concurrent UGI symptoms and dysphagia in constipated pediatric patients and was overall well tolerated. Preexisting mood disorders seemed to worsen in a small subset of cases. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 4, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Toxicity Spectrum of Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy: A Real-World Study Leveraging the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
ConclusionsOur study comprehensively analyzed the toxicity profiles of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies and provides an important reference for clinical monitoring and ADR identification of these drugs. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - December 28, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Acknowledgement to Referees
(Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - December 21, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Managing Lupus Nephritis in Children and Adolescents
AbstractLupus nephritis is an important manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, which leads to chronic kidney disease, kidney failure, and can result in mortality. About 35% –60% of children with systemic lupus erythematosus develop kidney involvement. Over the past few decades, the outcome of patients with lupus nephritis has improved significantly with advances in immunosuppressive therapies and clinical management. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of high-level evid ence to guide the management of childhood-onset lupus nephritis, because of the relatively small number of patients at each centre and also because ...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - December 20, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Incidence of Antimicrobial-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Children: A Structured Review
In conclusion, antimicrobial-associated AKI is reported to occur frequently in children, but the rates of AKI varies widely a cross studies and drugs. Most published studies examined hospitalized patients and heterogeneity in study populations and in author definitions of AKI are barriers to a comparison of nephrotoxicity risk among antimicrobials in children. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - December 13, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research