Interventions to Reduce Pediatric Prescribing Errors in Professional Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review of the Last Decade
ConclusionsInterventions to reduce pediatric prescribing errors are more likely to be successful when implemented as part of a bundle of interventions. Interventions including CPOE and CDS that substitute risks or provide engineering controls should be prioritized and implemented with appropriate administrative controls including expert consultation. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - May 7, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Neurocognitive Effects of Antiseizure Medications in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy
AbstractImpairments in cognition are common in epilepsy and may be caused or exacerbated by antiseizure medications (ASMs). Positive effects on cognition may also be seen with some ASMs. Cognitive outcomes are of particular concern in children who may be at an increased risk of cognitive adverse effects of treatment. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed in order to evaluate the evidence for cognitive changes associated with treatment with ASMs in paediatric epilepsy patients. The ASMs considered were those in the current edition of the British National Formulary (BNF). For most ASMs, remarkably few stu...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - May 6, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Beyond for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Children
AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is rare in children but presents a unique challenge as recent drug innovations have turned CML into a chronic disease with implications for treatment into adulthood. With the approval of newer-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in addition to imatinib, providers have more options for the treatment of chronic-phase CML (CML-CP) in children. The second-generation TKIs approved for use in children, nilotinib and dasatinib, have higher response rates than first-generation imatinib; however, overall survival rates appear to be the same. Even more options may soon become available...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 26, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Correction to: Prescribing Patterns and Impact of Factors Associated with Time to Initial Biologic Therapy among Children with Non-systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40272-021-00447-1 (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 21, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The Use of Linaclotide in Children with Functional Constipation or Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Retrospective Chart Review
ConclusionNearly half of children with FC or IBS-C benefited from linaclotide, but adverse events were relatively common. Further prospective, controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings and to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from linaclotide. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 20, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Impact of the Implementation of a Vancomycin Protocol on Trough Serum Vancomycin Concentrations in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
ConclusionsReaching adequate trough vancomycin concentrations in critically ill pediatric patients remains a challenge, and clinical practice protocols allow better dose adjustment and control even when monitoring technologies are unavailable. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 8, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Medication Safety Incidents Reported in Neonatal and Children ’s Intensive Care
ConclusionsNeonates were commonly involved in medication-related incidents reported in children ’s intensive care settings. Improvements in staffing and workload, design of systems and processes, and the use of anti-infective medications may reduce this risk. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 8, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Assessment and Management of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in the Pediatric Patient
AbstractAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that typically presents in childhood and is associated with encephalopathy and multifocal brain lesions. Although ADEM is thought to be a post-infectious disorder, the etiology is still poorly understood. ADEM is often a monophasic disorder, in contrast to other demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. With increasing awareness, understanding, and testing for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies, this disease is now known to be a cause of ...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 8, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Targeted Therapy for Pediatric Psoriasis
AbstractPsoriasis is an inflammatory immune-mediated skin disease that affects both adults and children. Increased understanding of its pathogenesis has led to the development of highly effective therapeutic solutions in the form of biological drugs for adult patients with severe forms of the disease. The unpredictability of the action of adult-approved drugs in pediatric populations limited their usage in these patients for several years. However, this scenario has been changing, particularly in the last decade, increasing our knowledge of the clinical efficacy and safety of these drugs in pediatric populations. The appro...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - April 3, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Paradoxical Psoriasis in Children Receiving Anti-TNF α Treatment for Inflammatory/autoimmune Disease
AbstractTumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi) are widely used in children with autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions. Although TNFi are approved to treat psoriasis, they have also been shown to paradoxically induce psoriasiform lesions. In this review, we aim to focus on the clinical presentation and management of paradoxical psoriasis after exposure to TNFi in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO). A narrative review of the literature was performed given the limited number of publications on this topic. Children with IB...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - March 24, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Drug Therapy during Interstage After Hybrid Approach: A Single-Center Experience in 51 Newborns with Hypoplastic Left Heart
ConclusionIn view of drug risk/benefit profiles, as well as the variable morphology and hemodynamics, the highly selective β1-adrenoceptor blocker bisoprolol is our preferred drug for treatment of HLHS/HLHC in the interstage. We avoid using ACE inhibitor monotherapy and exclude potential risks for coronary and cerebral perfusion pressure beforehand. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - March 13, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Is It Useful to Monitor Thiopurine Metabolites in Pediatric Patients with Crohn ’s Disease on Combination Therapy? A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study
ConclusionThiopurine metabolite monitoring in pediatric patients with Crohn ’s disease is useful when optimizing combination therapy. Pediatric patients with undetectable 6-thioguanine levels are more likely to lose response to infliximab therapy. When targeting optimal infliximab levels, the 6-thioguanine cutoff levels in children appear to be higher than in adults. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - March 11, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Prescribing Patterns and Impact of Factors Associated with Time to Initial Biologic Therapy among Children with Non-systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
ConclusionsThere was a substantial increase in the proportion of patients receiving the combination of methotrexate and adalimumab among patients receiving combination therapy. Adalimumab overtook etanercept as the most frequently prescribed bDMARD. Multiple factors affect the time to biologic initiation, including the number of joints with limited range of motion, ESR, and JIA category. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - March 2, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Haloperidol and Quetiapine for the Treatment of ICU-Associated Delirium in a Tertiary Pediatric ICU: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study
ConclusionsIn our small, single-center study, patients treated with haloperidol or quetiapine showed no short-term improvement in delirium screening scores after starting treatment when compared with untreated, propensity score-matched patients. In addition, clinical outcomes were not improved or were worse among treated patients. A prospective trial is needed to evaluate whether antipsychotic medications benefit PICU patients with delirium. (Source: Pediatric Drugs)
Source: Pediatric Drugs - February 26, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2
AbstractAlthough data on the incidence and severity of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection showed more significant disease among adults and the elderly, a clinical manifestation characterized by a multisystem inflammatory syndrome was described in children (MIS-C). It was initially thought to be specific to children, but recent reports have shown that it can also occur in adults. MIS-C is characterized by a number of multisystemic manifestations resembling other known previously described illnesses, mainly Kawasaki disease, especially in case...
Source: Pediatric Drugs - January 22, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
