Blood Clots, Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism

What is Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)? DVT is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) within a deep vein. The deep veins pass through deep tissues and muscles. Muscle contractions (walking, running, activity, etc.) squeeze blood through the deep veins to the heart. The deep veins have valves which prevent blood from flowing back to the ankles and feet. The majority of blood clots are small and are usually broken down or dissolved. Large clots may form and can block the vein causing the patient to complain of pain and swelling. Homan's sign is not very specific. High index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis. Virchow's Triad contributes to the development of deep venous thrombosis. 1. Endothelial Injury. 2. Venous Stasis. 3. Hypercoagulability. One triad may contribute more than others. RISK FACTORS: •History of DVT (most important). •Tumor (malignancy). -- Up to 20% •Oral contraceptive therapy. •Aging. •Obesity. •Smoking. •The Virchow's Triad: -- Venous Stasis - Immobilization (patient stays in bed). - Physical therapy is not available. - Being on an airplane or in a car for a long period of time without movement and not taking aspirin. -- Intimal injury - Due to trauma, fracture dislocation or results from surgery. - Surgery itself is a risk factor because of the use of general anesthesia and stress of the surgery. -- Hypercoagulable State - Could be inherited/genetics (Factor V Leiden, Protein S deficiency, Protein C deficiency). In...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news