The sustainable conversion of floral waste into natural snake repellent and docking studies for antiophidic activity

Toxicon. 2023 Aug 17:107254. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107254. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSnakes play an important role as predators, prey, ecosystem regulators and in advancing the human economy and pharmaceutical industries by producing venom-based medications such as anti-serums and anti-venoms. On the other hand, snakebites are responsible for over 120,000 annual fatalities; due to snakebites people lose their lives and suffer from diseases such as snake envenoming, epilepsy, and symptoms such as punctures, swelling, haemorrhage, bruising, blistering, and inflammation. Moreover, there are several challenges associated with different interventions for managing snakebites. Therefore, finding a natural way of repelling snakes without harming them will save lives and decrease the disease's symptoms. Usually, snakes are exacerbated by noxious odours and shrill sounds. There are various strategies to repel snakes, including chemical, natural, and electronic repellents being the most prevalent. Chemical snake repellents such as mothballs, sulphur powder, and cayenne pepper act as a barrier; natural snake repellents produce a pungent and foul smell, while electronic repellents generate high-frequency ultrasonic waves to repel snakes. On the other hand, anti-serums are available commercially to prevent the adverse effects of snakebite, which are species-specific, expensive, have inadequate pharmacology and impaired interaction with the immune system. Similarly, there are mono...
Source: Toxicon - Category: Toxicology Authors: Source Type: research