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Total 137 results found since Jan 2013.

DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES (DEP) PRE-EXPOSURE CONTRIBUTES TO THE ANTI-OXIDANT RESPONSE IMPAIRMENT IN hCMEC/D3 DURING POST-OXYGEN AND GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION DAMAGE.
Abstract Recently, air pollution has been identified as a significant modifiable risk factor to the increasing stroke burden. Diesel exhaust particles, characterized by high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons content, constitute an important component of outdoor air pollution and is known to cause oxidative stress, and could therefore contribute to and exacerbate the effects of ROS in post-ischemic injury. hCMEC/D3 cells have been submitted to 48h treatment with diesel exhaust particles (25μg/ml and 50μg/ml, DEP50) or alternatively to 3h of oxygen and glucose deprivation, followed by 1h of oxygen and glucose resto...
Source: Toxicology Letters - April 8, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Farina F, Lonati E, Brambilla A, Magro RD, Milani C, Botto L, Sancini G, Palestini P, Bulbarelli A Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke due to wasp sting: a case report
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Source: Clinical Toxicology - April 3, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Xi Tao Liang Huang Cuini Fang Chujuan Liu Liang Qing Huaan Cai Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic stroke secondary to Bothrops spp. venom: A case report.
Abstract The Bothrops spp. venom contain metalloproteinases that contributes to vascular and hemorrhagic effects. This case report describes a 58 years-old patient from the city of Dona Inês, Paraiba, Brazil victim of an ophidian accident by Bothrops spp. The vascular and hemorrhagic effects of venom components have triggered a hemorrhagic stroke. Brazil has about 600 deaths annually due to ophidian accidents. However, as reports have been precarious, the obtaining of epidemiological-clinical data has been affected. This case highlights the importance of prior knowledge of possible neurological and vascular compl...
Source: Toxicon - April 1, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Delgado AB, Vaz Lacet Gondim CC, Reichert LP, da Silva PH, da Costa E Souza RM, de Paiva Fernandes TM, Calvo BF Tags: Toxicon Source Type: research

Incidence of fatal snake bite in Australia: A coronial based retrospective study (2000-2016).
CONCLUSIONS: Death from snake bite remains rare in Australia, and has maintained a steady rate for over 20 years. Usually considered a 'rural issue', and with varying recorded causes of death, a nationally co-ordinated effort to further review the national picture of envenoming in Australia can inform education and resource needs within state and local contexts. PMID: 28288937 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicon - March 9, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Welton R, Liew D, Braitberg G Tags: Toxicon Source Type: research

High bioavailability curcumin: an anti-inflammatory and neurosupportive bioactive nutrient for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by chronic neuroinflammation.
Abstract Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological process present in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury including chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other age-related CNS disorders. Although there is still much debate about the initial trigger for some of these neurodegenerative disorders, during the progression of disease, broad range anti-inflammatory drugs including cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs) might be promising therapeutic options to limit neuroinflammation and improve the c...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - February 14, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ullah F, Liang A, Rangel A, Gyengesi E, Niedermayer G, Münch G Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research

Stroke risk among menthol versus non-menthol cigarette smokers in the United States: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Publication date: Available online 3 February 2017 Source:Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Cynthia Van Landingham, William Fuller, Greg Mariano, Kristin Marano, Geoffrey Curtin, Sandra I. Sulsky Though available evidence is relatively consistent in showing no additional health effects among smokers due to menthol in cigarettes, two studies reported conflicting results for stroke risk using different subsets of NHANES data. We investigated reasons for the differences in these reports by analyzing NHANES cycles conducted between 1999 and 2012, combined and in subsets. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% conf...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 3, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Stroke risk among menthol versus non-menthol cigarette smokers in the United States: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Abstract Though available evidence is relatively consistent in showing no additional health effects among smokers due to menthol in cigarettes, two studies reported conflicting results for stroke risk using different subsets of NHANES data. We investigated reasons for the differences in these reports by analyzing NHANES cycles conducted between 1999 and 2012, combined and in subsets. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from three different survey logistic regression models compare risk of reported stroke diagnoses among menthol and non-menthol cigarette smokers. Depending on timeframe, abo...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP - February 1, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Van Landingham C, Fuller W, Mariano G, Marano K, Curtin G, Sulsky SI Tags: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Does exposure to marijuana cause myocardial infarction?
2 out of 5 stars Prolonged cardiac arrest complicating a massive ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction associated with marijuana consumption. Orsini J et al. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2016 Sept 7;6(4):31695 Full Text The medical literature contains scattered, rare case reports and series describing myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, and cardiac arrest associated with exposure to cannabis. (Extreme emphasis on the word “associated.”) This literature is limited by a number of crippling problems, including failure to screen completely for presence of other drugs, failure to collect com...
Source: The Poison Review - November 12, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Leon Gussow Tags: Medical cannabis cardiotoxicity heart attack cardiac arrest marijuana myocardial infarction Source Type: news

Comparative biodistribution and safety profiling of olmesartan medoxomil oil-in-water oral nanoemulsion
Publication date: December 2016 Source:Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 82 Author(s): Bapi Gorain, Hira Choudhury, Rakesh Kumar Tekade, Saumen Karan, P. Jaisankar, Tapan Kumar Pal Poor aqueous solubility and unfavourable de-esterification of olmesartan medoxomil (a selective angiotensin II receptor blocker), results in low oral bioavailability of less than 26%. Improvement of oral bioavailability with prolonged pharmacodynamics activity of olmesartan in Wistar rats had been approached by nanoemulsification strategy in our previous article [Colloid Surface B, 115, 2014: 286]. In continuation to that work, we ...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - November 6, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Comparative biodistribution and safety profiling of olmesartan medoxomil oil-in-water oral nanoemulsion.
Abstract Poor aqueous solubility and unfavourable de-esterification of olmesartan medoxomil (a selective angiotensin II receptor blocker), results in low oral bioavailability of less than 26%. Improvement of oral bioavailability with prolonged pharmacodynamics activity of olmesartan in Wistar rats had been approached by nanoemulsification strategy in our previous article [Colloid Surface B, 115, 2014: 286]. In continuation to this work, we herewith report the biodistribution behaviour and 28-day repeated dose subchronic toxicity of olmesartan medoxomil nanoemulsion in Wistar rats following oral administration. The...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP - October 31, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Gorain B, Choudhury H, Tekade RK, Karan S, Jaisankar P, Pal TK Tags: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Effects of crude oil on in situ cardiac function in young adult mahi –mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)
This study suggests exposure to environmentally relevant PAH concentrations impairs aspects of cardiovascular function in mahi–mahi.
Source: Aquatic Toxicology - October 20, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Effects of crude oil on in situ cardiac function in young adult mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus).
This study suggests exposure to environmentally relevant PAH concentrations impairs aspects of cardiovascular function in mahi-mahi.
Source: Aquatic Toxicology - October 14, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Apneic events – A proposed new target for respiratory safety pharmacology
Publication date: November 2016 Source:Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 81 Author(s): Dennis J. Murphy Current practice in respiratory safety pharmacology generally follows the regulatory guidance provided by the ICH document S7A and focuses on measures of pulmonary ventilation. What these measures do not account for is the ability of drugs to cause ventilatory instability or interruptions in ventilatory rhythm. Ventilatory instability can be identified by the presence of prolonged end-expiratory pauses or apneic periods. An apneic event has been defined as an apneic period of sufficient duration to cause hy...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - September 2, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research