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Total 186 results found since Jan 2013.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Lower Lip: Case Report
A 67-year-old woman attended the stomatology clinic complaining of a wound on the lip, painful, with an evolution of 3 months. During this period, she was treated by a dermatologist for herpes simplex, but without resolution. Anamnesis indicated systemic arterial hypertension and previous stroke; she denied smoking or performing activities causing sun exposure. A physical examination revealed an exophytic ulcer on the lower lip with a crusted necrotic background, indurated rounded borders, soft base, 1.5  cm in size, and loss of the mucocutaneous line.
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics - September 1, 2018 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Rayane Velloso De Almeida, Miriam Beatriz Jord ão Moreira Sarruf, Ana Flávia Schuler De Assumpção Leite, Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino Alves, Simone De Queiroz Chaves Lourenço, Jacqueline Tavares Silva Fernandes, Josiane Costa Rodrigues De Sá Tags: Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Source Type: research

Herpes Simplex Laryngitis Presenting as Airway Obstruction in a Stroke Patient
We present the second confirmed report of HSV laryngitis in an adult stroke patient, resulting in complicated airway management issues. This rare presentation of laryngeal HSV in a stroke patient can interfere with speech, language, and swallowing functions and confounds the etiology of these issues, which can impact subsequent management.
Source: IDCases - August 23, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Clinical Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Neurotrophic Corneal Ulcer.
Conclusions: Autologous platelet-rich plasma is a blood-based product which seems efficient in the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy. PMID: 30026985 [PubMed]
Source: Journal of Ophthalmology - July 22, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Tags: J Ophthalmol Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance imaging of arterial stroke mimics: a pictorial review
AbstractAcute ischaemic stroke represents the most common cause of new sudden neurological deficit, but other diseases mimicking stroke happen in about one-third of the cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best technique to identify those ‘stroke mimics’. In this article, we propose a diagnostic approach of those stroke mimics on MRI according to an algorithm based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which can be abnormal or normal, followed by the results of other common additional MRI sequences, such as T2 with gradient recall ed echo weighted imaging (T2-GRE) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR...
Source: Insights into Imaging - June 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Neurological Disorders Associated with Human Alphaherpesviruses.
Authors: Kawada JI Abstract Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is the most common cause of sporadic fatal encephalitis worldwide, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement is observed in approximately one-third of neonatal HSV infections . In recent years, single-gene inborn errors of innate immunity have been shown to be associated with susceptibility to HSV encephalitis . Temporal lobe abnormalities revealed by magnetic resonance imaging-the most sensitive imaging method for HSV encephalitis-are considered strong evidence for the disease. Detection of HSV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - June 15, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

What Causes Microcephaly?
Discussion Microcephaly is usually defined as an occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for sex, age and ethnicity. Severe microcephaly is used for OFC < 3 standard deviations. Rates of microcephaly range from 0.5-12 patients/10,000 live births. The OFC should be measured at every well child visit and at other opportunities and plotted on standard growth charts. The OFC is measured using a nonelastic tape measure around the largest part of the head with the tape measure held above the eyebrows and ears. It is a highly reproducible measurement. There are several diff...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Burden of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the United States
AbstractHerpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is a disease of public health concern, but its burden on the healthcare of United States has not been adequately assessed recently. We aimed to define the incidence, complications and outcomes of HSVE in the recent decade by analyzing data from a nationally representative database. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project databases were utilized to identify patients with primary discharge diagnosis of HSVE. Annual hospitalization rate was estimated and several preselected inpatient complications were identified. Regression analyses were used to identify mortality predictors. ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

What Causes Hyperammonemia?
Discussion Reye’s syndrome (RS)is named for Dr. Douglas Reye who along with Drs. G. Morgan and J. Baral described encephalopathy and fatty accumulation and degeneration in children in a 1963 Lancet article. RS usually affects children but can occur at all ages. All organs can be affected but the liver and brain are primarily affected causing liver failure and encephalopathy as toxic metabolites (especially ammonia) accumulate, and intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema occurs. As the ammonia levels begin to rise (> 100 mg/dL) patients lose their appetite, have nausea and emesis and mental status changes whic...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 20, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Carotid intima media thickness and blood biomarkers of atherosclerosis in patients after stroke or myocardial infarction.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports linear correlations between CIMT and IC and hs-CRP levels. However, these associations seem to depend on the type of vascular burden. PMID: 28051279 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Croatian Medical Journal - December 30, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Karlinski MA, Błazejewska-Hyzorek B, Sarzynska-Dlugosz I, Filipiak KJ, Czlonkowska A Tags: Croat Med J Source Type: research

What Genetics are Associated with Multiple Sclerosis?
Discussion Multiple sclerosis (MS) is “a chronic degenerative, often episodic disease of the central nervous system marked by patchy destruction of the myelin that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, usually appearing in young adulthood and manifested by one or more mild to severe neural and muscular impairments, as spastic weakness in one or more limbs, local sensory losses, bladder dysfunction, or visual disturbances.” It is a chronic disease and therefore symptoms must occur more than once. The first episode is called an acute demyelinating attack. Fifteen to forty-five percent of children with their first...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Herpesvirus Infections and Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke: Results of the VIPS Study.
CONCLUSIONS: -Herpesviruses may act as a trigger for childhood AIS, even if the infection is subclinical. Antivirals like acyclovir might have a role in the prevention of recurrent stroke if further studies confirm a causal relationship. PMID: 26813104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - January 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elkind MS, Hills NK, Glaser CA, Lo WD, Amlie-Lefond C, Dlamini N, Kneen R, Hod EA, Wintermark M, deVeber GA, Fullerton HJ, VIPS Investigators Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Biological Plausibility of a Link Between Arterial Ischemic Stroke and Infection with Varicella-Zoster Virus or Herpes Simplex Virus.
Abstract There are now 9 human herpesviruses; the increase from 8 to 9 was caused by a recent decision to split human herpesvirus (HHV) strains 6A and 6B into distinct species. The 9 species are subdivided into three subfamilies, called alpha: herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus (VZV); beta: cytomegalovirus (CMV), HHV6A, HHV6B and HHV7; gamma: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (sometimes called HHV8). These same herpesviruses have evolved with humankind around the world since the great migration of modern humans across the Mandeb Strait out of Afri...
Source: Circulation - January 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Grose C Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Valacyclovir and Acyclovir Neurotoxicity With Status Epilepticus
We present the case of a 52-year-old man with hypertension, diastolic congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis 3 times a week and a remote history of a hemorrhagic stroke who presented to the emergency department with a vesicular rash on his left arm. The rash was observed to be in a dermatomal distribution, and a diagnosis of herpes zoster was made. The patient was discharged home on valacyclovir 1 g 3 times a day for a duration of 7 days. The patient took 2 doses of valacyclovir before presenting to the hospital again with irritability and hallucinations. Over the next several days, the patient's...
Source: American Journal of Therapeutics - January 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research