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Condition: Diabetes
Nutrition: Sodium

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Total 371 results found since Jan 2013.

Polyuria, Polydipsia and Possible Diabetes Insipidus?
Discussion The body is smart. It has mechanisms for maintaining balances within the body in a closely controlled manner but allows for a variety of states. This is very true for fluid balance in the body which is highly controlled between almost all of the major body organ systems. When fluid is low, the sensor sends signals for us to drink, and conserves fluid until we can. When the fluid is high, the kidneys excrete the excess and sends signals not to drink. Usually it works very well. While there are many pathological states that can cause polyuria and/or polydipsia, the most common reason is excessive fluid intake beca...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 7, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Beneficial cardiovascular and remodeling effects of SGLT2 inhibitors: pathophysiologic mechanisms
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2022 Mar 23. doi: 10.1080/14779072.2022.2057949. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: The intent of this paper is to review the data regarding the multipotential effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors, their cardiovascular protective effects, and their mechanism of action.AREAS COVERED: The SGLT2 inhibitors exert their beneficial antidiabetic and cardioprotective effects through increased glucose excretion from the kidneys, blood pressure and weight lowering, vasodilation and other potential beneficial effects. They have been used for the treatment of patients w...
Source: Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy - March 23, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steven G Chrysant George S Chrysant Source Type: research

Cardiorenal mechanisms of action of glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
Med (N Y). 2021 Nov 12;2(11):1203-1230. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.10.004.ABSTRACTCardiovascular and renal outcome trials (CVOTs) for glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) highlight new options for people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Drugs within these classes reduce rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with SGLT2i simultaneously attenuating decline in kidney function. SGLT2i reduce rates of heart failure in people with and without T2D, whereas GLP1RA lower rates of myocardial infarction and stroke in people with T2D with or withou...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 19, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: David Z I Cherney Jacob A Udell Daniel J Drucker Source Type: research

Risk for Hospitalization for Heart Failure Down With SGLT-2i Treatment for T2D
TUESDAY, May 24, 2022 -- For patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving first-line sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), the risk for stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and all-cause mortality is similar to those receiving...
Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News - May 24, 2022 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Treatment of diabetes mellitus has borne much fruit in the prevention of cardiovascular disease
ABSTRACTCardiovascular (CV) disease is the most alarming complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and a strategy aiming at CV event prevention in DM has long been debated. Large landmark clinical trials have shown CV benefits of intensive glycemic control as a “legacy effect” in newly diagnosed type 2 DM (T2DM). In contrast, we have learned that excessive intervention aimed at strong glycemic control could cause unexpected CV death in patients who are resistant to treatments against hyperglycemia. It has also been shown that the comprehensive multifac torial intervention for CV risk factors that was advocated in the cur...
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - May 31, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hiroaki Yagyu, Hitoshi Shimano Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Differential cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Background:The differential benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) in cardiovascular or renal outcomes have not been fully investigated.Methods: Patients with diabetes prescribed SGLT2i or GLP1RA were retrospectively identified. Patients treated with antihyperglycemic medications other than SGLT2i or GLP1RA were used as a control group. Primary outcomes were composite ischemic events (acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, and stroke) and a composite of heart failure and renal events (hospitalization for heart failure, renal death,...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - June 14, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chee Hae Kim, In-Chang Hwang, Hong-Mi Choi, Chang Ho Ahn, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Goo-Yeong Cho Source Type: research

EE352 Projecting the Incidence and Costs of Major Cardiorenal Complications of Type 2 Diabetes with Widespread GLP-1 RA and SGLT2I Use
Whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are cost-effective when considering solely their cardiorenal benefits is unknown. We projected the incidence and costs of hospitalisation for myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure (HF), and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among people with type 2 diabetes under scenarios of widespread use of these drugs, from an Australian healthcare perspective.
Source: Value in Health - June 26, 2022 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: J Morton, C Marquina, JE Shaw, D Liew, Z Ademi, D Magliano Source Type: research

New Therapeutic Options for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact Against Ischemic Heart Disease
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) greatly increases risk for cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction. With the completion of several cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) for new glucose-lowering therapies, including the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, we now have strong evidence alluding to the cardioprotective nature of these agents in people with T2DM. These agents have frequently been observed to reduce rates for 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events, which encompass death from cardiovascular causes...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 27, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Impaired renal function and mortalities in acute heart failure with different phenotypes
ConclusionsOn-admission IRF was independently predictive of long-term mortality in patients hospitalized for HF, irrespective of HF phenotypes. Furthermore, IRF was also associated with short-term mortality in HFrEF and HFmrEF, but not in HFpEF.
Source: ESC Heart Failure - June 17, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wei ‐Ming Huang, Hao‐Chih Chang, Ching‐Wei Lee, Chi‐Jung Huang, Wen‐Chung Yu, Hao‐Min Cheng, Chao‐Yu Guo, Chern‐En Chiang, Chen‐Huan Chen, Shih‐Hsien Sung Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Atrial Fibrillation
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high cardiovascular risks. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with T2DM and atrial fibrillation (AF). Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified 40,268 patients with T2DM and AF who were newly prescribed oral hypoglycemic drugs ...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 7, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chang Hee Kwon, Ye-Jee Kim, Min-Ju Kim, Myung-Jin Cha, Min Soo Cho, Gi-Byoung Nam, Kee-Joon Choi, Jun Kim Source Type: research

Low dietary sodium potentially mediates COVID-19 prevention associated with whole food plant-based diets
This article presents evidence that low dietary sodium potentially mediates the association of plant-based diets with COVID-19 prevention. Processed meats and poultry injected with sodium chloride contribute considerable amounts of dietary sodium in the Western diet, and the avoidance or reduction of these and other processed foods in whole food plant-based diets could help lower overall dietary sodium intake. Moreover, high amounts of potassium in plant-based diets increase urinary sodium excretion, and preagricultural diets high in plant-based foods were estimated to contain much lower ratios of dietary sodium to potassi...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - August 1, 2022 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ronald B Brown Source Type: research

Major adverse cardiovascular and limb events in people with diabetes treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists vs SGLT2 inhibitors
Conclusions/interpretationIn people with diabetes, GLP1RA use was associated with significantly reduced risks of MALE compared with SGLT2i within the first 2 years after initiation, especially among people with diabetic neuropathy.Graphical abstract
Source: Diabetologia - August 9, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research