Beneficial cardiovascular and remodeling effects of SGLT2 inhibitors: pathophysiologic mechanisms

Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2022 Mar 23. doi: 10.1080/14779072.2022.2057949. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: The intent of this paper is to review the data regarding the multipotential effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors, their cardiovascular protective effects, and their mechanism of action.AREAS COVERED: The SGLT2 inhibitors exert their beneficial antidiabetic and cardioprotective effects through increased glucose excretion from the kidneys, blood pressure and weight lowering, vasodilation and other potential beneficial effects. They have been used for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary artery disease (CAD),and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In order to get a better understanding of their mechanism of action for their multiple cardiovascular protective effects, a Medline search of the English language literature was conducted between 2015 and February 2022 and 46 pertinent papers were selected.EXPERT OPINION: The analysis of data clearly demonstrated that the use of the SGLT2 inhibitors besides their antidiabetic effects, provide additional protection against CVD, CAD, and HFrEF and HFpEF, and death, but not stroke, in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Therefore, they should be preferably used for the treatment of patients with T2DM with preexisting CV...
Source: Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy - Category: Cardiology Authors: Source Type: research