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Nutrition: Diets

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Total 302 results found since Jan 2013.

Modifiable Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Secondary Ischaemic Stroke Prevention Strategies
Eighty percent of stroke is due to five modifiable factors: hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity, unhealthy diet, and lack of exercise.1 Risk factors for first-time and recurrent ischaemic stroke are similar.2 The absolute risk of a recurrent ischaemic stroke following an initial ischaemic stroke is 29.7% by five years.3 Recurrent strokes are associated with greater disability and mortality than first-time strokes.4 Secondary prevention strategies are key in reducing recurrent ischaemic events.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: G Shankari, Szu Chyi Ng, Si Ying Goh, Fung Peng Woon, Kinjal Doshi, Pei Shieen Wong, Qianqian Fan, Il Fan Tan, Kaavya Narasimhalu, Deidre Anne De Silva Source Type: research

Diet and Lifestyle as Risk Factors for Carotid Artery Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study found a trend toward a protective effect of higher intake of vegetables and fruit against incident CAD. More prospective studies investigating the association between diet and CAD and stroke are needed in order to give firm recommendations.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Ergothioneine on 7-Ketocholesterol-Induced Endothelial Injury
AbstractErgothioneine (ET) is a naturally occurring antioxidant that is synthesized by non-yeast fungi and certain bacteria. ET is not synthesized by animals, including humans, but is avidly taken up from the diet, especially from mushrooms. In the current study, we elucidated the effect of ET on the hCMEC/D3 human brain endothelial cell line. Endothelial cells are exposed to high levels of the cholesterol oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and this process is thought to mediate pathological inflammation. 7KC induces a dose-dependent loss of cell viability and ...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - October 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vascular Events, Vascular Disease and Vascular Risk Factors —Strongly Intertwined with COVID-19
AbstractPurpose of reviewTo elucidate the intertwining of vascular events, vascular disease and vascular risk factors and COVID-19.Recent findingsStrokes are a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Vascular risk factors are important drivers of strokes. There are unmodifiable vascular risk factors such as age and ethnicity and modifiable vascular risk factors. According to the INTERSTROKE study, the 10 most frequent modifiable vascular risk factors are arterial hypertension, physical inactivity, overweight, dyslipidaemia, smoking, unhealthy diet, cardiac pathologies, diabetes mellitus, stress/depression and over...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - October 8, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effects of N-Pep-12 dietary supplementation on neurorecovery after ischemic stroke
ConclusionThis exploratory clinical trial indicates a signal for the benefit of dietary supplementation with N-Pep-12 for the enhancement of neurorecovery after supratentorial ischemic stroke.
Source: Neurological Sciences - October 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Results of a Pilot Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention for Stroke Survivors: Healthy Eating and Lifestyle after Stroke
Although healthy lifestyle practices mitigate recurrent stroke risk and mortality, few stroke survivors adhere to them, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. We developed and pilot tested a occupational therapy-based lifestyle management intervention, Healthy Eating And Lifestyle after Stroke (HEALS), to improve stroke survivors ’ self-management skills relating to diet and physical activity and evaluated it in a diverse safety-net population.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Amytis Towfighi, Eric M. Cheng, Valerie A. Hill, Frances Barry, Martin Lee, Natalie P. Valle, Brian Mittman, Monica Ayala-Rivera, Lilian Moreno, Annaliese Espinosa, Heidi Dombish, Debbie Wang, Dina Ochoa, Allison Chu, Michal Atkins, Barbara G. Vickrey Source Type: research

Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells harvested from type two diabetes rats promotes neurorestorative effects after stroke in type two diabetes rats.
CONCLUSIONS: T2DM-MSC-Exo treatment for stroke in T2DM rats promotes neurorestorative effects and improves functional outcome. Down regulation of miR-9 expression and increasing its target ABCA1 pathway may contribute partially to T2DM-MSC-Exo treatment induced white matter remodeling and anti-inflammatory responses. PMID: 32889008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Neurology - August 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Venkat P, Zacharek A, Landschoot-Ward J, Wang F, Culmone L, Chen Z, Chopp M, Chen J Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Deferoxamine Treatment Prevents Post-Stroke Vasoregression and Neurovascular Unit Remodeling Leading to Improved Functional Outcomes in Type 2 Male Diabetic Rats: Role of Endothelial Ferroptosis
This study aimed to determine the impact of iron chelation with deferoxamine (DFX) on (1) cerebral vascularization patterns and (2) functional outcomes after stroke in control and diabetic rats. After 8  weeks of type 2 diabetes induced by a combination of high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin, male control and diabetic animals were subjected to thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and randomized to vehicle, DFX, or tPA/DFX and followed for 14 days with behavioral tests. Vas cular indices (vascular volume and surface area), neurovascular remodeling (AQP4 polarity), and microglia activation were meas...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Creating an appropriate adaptation of a healthy lifestyle intervention for people after stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Feedback from the diverse group of stakeholders provides the basis for modifying an evidence-based healthy lifestyle intervention to meet the unique needs of people after stroke. Future research efforts should examine the efficacy and effectiveness of the adapted program to prevent weight gain after stroke and reduce the risk of chronic conditions including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and heart disease. PMID: 32813569 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - August 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Obesity Drives Delayed Infarct Expansion, Inflammation, and Distinct Gene Networks in a Mouse Stroke Model
AbstractObesity is associated with chronic peripheral inflammation, is a risk factor for stroke, and causes increased infarct sizes. To characterize how obesity increases infarct size, we fed a high-fat diet to wild-type C57BL/6J mice for either 6  weeks or 15 weeks and then induced distal middle cerebral artery strokes. We found that infarct expansion happened late after stroke. There were no differences in cortical neuroinflammation (astrogliosis, microgliosis, or pro-inflammatory cytokines) either prior to or 10 h after stroke, and also no differences in stroke size at 10 h. However, by 3 days after stroke, animals...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pre-stroke adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with lower acute ischemic stroke severity: a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective hospital-register study
High adherence to a Mediterranean Diet is associated with reduced incidence and mortality of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) but may also be associated with severity. Our purpose was to investigate the association...
Source: BMC Neurology - June 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Pablo M. Lavados, Enrico Mazzon, Alexis Rojo, Alejandro M. Brunser and Ver ónica V. Olavarría Tags: Research article Source Type: research

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia is high after a stroke. Diagnosis should include a clinical evaluation and an instrumental examination, and thus objectively indicate the treatment, which will include compensatory and restorative measures with which to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality. PMID: 32500523 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - June 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Terré R Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Antioxidative effects of a novel dietary supplement Neumentix in a mouse stroke model
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and death worldwide,1 but current available therapies are limited.2 Oxidative stress is the major component of the stroke cascade, especially in the acute phase of an ischemic stroke.3,4 During brain ischemia and reperfusion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), also referred to as oxygen free radicals, are overproduced, while the endogenous antioxidative defense systems are disrupted.5 ROS generates toxic aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE),6 glycated protein N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML),7 and oxidized DNA 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuki Taira, Toru Yamashita, Yuting Bian, Jingwei Shang, Namiko Matsumoto, Ryo Sasaki, Koh Tadokoro, Emi Nomura, Keiichiro Tsunoda, Yoshio Omote, Mami Takemoto, Nozomi Hishikawa, Yasuyuki Ohta, Koji Abe Source Type: research

A Polyphenolic Complex Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia causes strong inflammatory response. Neumentix is a dietary supplement containing 14.9% rosmarinic acid and 29.9% total phenolic content, which was proved to be beneficial against inflammatory response. Therefore, we investigated Neumentix's effect on anti-inflammatory and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model mice. METHODS: After the pretreatment of vehicle or Neumentix 134 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) (containing rosmarinic acid 20mg/kg/d) for 14 days, mice were subjected to tMCAO for 60 min and ke...
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - May 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bian Y, Yamashita T, Taira Y, Shang J, Tsunoda K, Feng T, Sasaki R, Liu X, Shi X, Tadokoro K, Nomura E, Matsumoto N, Osakada Y, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Ohta Y, Abe K Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

Mfsd2a Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption After Sub-arachnoid Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Caveolae-Mediated Transcellular Transport in Rats
In this study, a prechiasmatic cistern single-injection model was used to produce experimental SAH in Sprague-Dawley rats. Specific small-interfering RNA and plasmids were used to downregulate and upregulate the expression of Mfsd2a prior to assessments in our SAH model. Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency diet was used to reduce DHA in rat brain. The expression level of Mfsd2a decreased significantly after SAH and reached its lowest level at 72  h post-SAH, which then gradually recovered. At 72 h after SAH, BBB function was disrupted; upregulation of Mfsd2a reversed this damage, whereas downregulation of Mfsd2a exacerbated th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research