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Total 137 results found since Jan 2013.

Apelin-13 Suppresses Neuroinflammation Against Cognitive Deficit in a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease Through Activation of BDNF-TrkB Signaling Pathway
Conclusion The data in this manuscript demonstrates that apelin-13 upregulates BDNF against STZ-induced congnitive impairment by suppressing glial cell activity and inflammatory factors release. This suggests apelin signaling may be a new target in the treatment of AD. Ethics Statement All experimental protocols were carried out according to the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals approved by the Central South University at XiangYa Animal Care and Use Committee. Author Contributions XqQ and LH conceived the study and contributed to its experimental design. HqL carried out the...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

An Evaluation of Personal Cooling Systems for Reducing Thermal Strain Whilst Working in Chemical/Biological Protective Clothing
Conclusion: The IV, PCM, and SLIV produced lower heart rate, mean skin, rectal and mean body temperatures in addition to improved work times compared to control. The WS did not improve work times possibly as a result of the cooling capacity of the suit abating, and magnifying thermal insulation. Considering the added time and resources required to implement combination cooling in the form of ice slurry and ice vest (SLIV), there was no significant additive effect for perception, cardiovascular strain, rectal temperature and total trial time relative to the phase change vest or ice vest alone. This may be a product of a &#x...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

6-Bromoindirubin-3 ′-Oxime (6BIO) Suppresses the mTOR Pathway, Promotes Autophagy, and Exerts Anti-aging Effects in Rodent Liver
In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-aging effect, and molecular mechanism, of the novel anti-aging drug 6BIO on naturally aged mouse liver. Rapamycin, a well-known promising anti-aging drug that delays aging through mTOR-dependent autophagy (Zhou and Ye, 2018), was used as the positive control in the study. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effects of 6BIO treatment in models of natural aging. Our results indicated that 6BIO ameliorates the decline of liver function with age, including lipid metabolism disorder, and attenuates hepatocyte senescence in aged mice, as revealed by altera...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke: Promising Solution or Dead End? Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Comorbidities in Preclinical Stroke Research
Conclusion The high prevalence of comorbidities in patients with stroke indicates the need for therapies in preclinical studies that take into account these comorbidities in order to avoid failures in translation to the patient. Preclinical studies are beginning to evaluate the efficacy of MSC treatment in stroke associated with comorbidities, especially hypertension, for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Regarding aging and diabetes, only ischemic stroke studies have been performed. For the moment, few studies have been performed and contradictory results are being reported. These contradictory results may be due to the u...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stenosis Length and Degree Interact With the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Related to Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Conclusion: We found a statistically insignificant tendency for the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<70% to be longer than that of sICAS≥70%. Moreover, the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<90% was significantly longer than that of sICAS 90%. Among patients with sICAS≥70%, the degree and length of stenosis were inversely correlated. Larger studies are needed before a clinical implication can be drawn from these results. Introduction Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) causes around one-fifth of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke and has the highest risk of early stroke recurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Too Much Sleep Linked To Greater Risk Of Disease & Death, Study Finds
(CNN) — The recommended amount of sleep for adults is six to eight hours a night. Sleeping more than those hours is associated with an increased risk of death and cardiovascular diseases, says a global study published Wednesday in the European Heart Journal. Looking at data from 21 countries, across seven regions, the research team found that people sleeping more than the recommended upper limit of eight hours increased their risk of major cardiovascular events, like stroke or heart failure, as well as death by up to 41%. But a possible reason for this could be that people have underlying conditions causing them to s...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - December 5, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News Local TV Sleep Source Type: news

Vegetable Protein Intake was Inversely Associated with Cardiovascular Mortality in A 15-Year Follow-Up Study of A General Japanese Population.
CONCLUSIONS: Vegetable protein intake may prevent future CVD, particularly in nonhypertensive subjects in the Japanese population. However, further studies are necessary to examine the biological mechanisms of this effect. PMID: 30089755 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - August 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Hypoxia promotes tau hyperphosphorylation with associated neuropathology in vascular dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an association between hypertension-induced vascular dysfunction and the sporadic occurrence of phosphorylated tau and cell death in the rat model, correlating with patient brain atrophy, which is relevant to vascular disease. PMID: 30010004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - July 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Raz L, Bhaskar K, Weaver J, Marini S, Zhang Q, Thompson JF, Espinoza C, Iqbal S, Maphis NM, Weston L, Sillerud LO, Caprihan A, Pesko JC, Erhardt EB, Rosenberg GA Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Dietary Intake of Energy and Nutrients from Breakfast and Risk of Stroke in The Japanese Population: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS).
CONCLUSIONS: A higher intake of energy from breakfast, primarily saturated or monounsaturated fat, was associated with a reduced risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in Japanese men. PMID: 29899172 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - June 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

In Brief: Pitavastatin Magnesium (Zypitamag) for Hyperlipidemia
Date: June 18, 2018 Issue #:  1549Summary:  The FDA has approved the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) pitavastatin magnesium (Zypitamag– Zydus) for use in adults with primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia. The FDA considers pitavastatin magnesium bioequivalent to pitavastatin calcium(Livalo), which was approved in 2009.1Statins remain the treatment of choice for most patients who require lipid-lowering therapy. Taken as an adjunct to diet modification, increased exercise, and smoking cessation, statins can reduce the risk of primary and secondary cardiovascular events and death in ...
Source: The Medical Letter - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: admin Source Type: research

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians in the United States: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
cial Populations Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council Abstract South Asians (from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) make up one quarter of the world's population and are one of the fastest-growing ethnic groups in the United States. Although native South Asians share genetic and cultural risk factors with South Asians abroad, South Asians in the United States can differ in socioeconomic status, education, healthcare behaviors, attitudes, and health in...
Source: Circulation - May 24, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Volgman AS, Palaniappan LS, Aggarwal NT, Gupta M, Khandelwal A, Krishnan AV, Lichtman JH, Mehta LS, Patel HN, Shah KS, Shah SH, Watson KE, American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke in Women and Sp Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on platelet tissue factor expression in stroke-prone rats
Conclusion: The current study shows for the first time that in hypertension the number of TF-positive megakaryocytes increases thus releasing in the circulation more platelets carrying a functionally active TF. AngII stimulates platelets to express TF.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - May 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Stroke Source Type: research

Fenofibrate attenuates cardiac and renal alterations in young salt-loaded spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats through mitochondrial protection
Conclusion: The results suggest that the cardiorenal protective effects of fenofibrate in young male salt-loaded SHRSPs are explained by its capacity to preserve mitochondrial function.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - March 27, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Pathophysiological aspects Source Type: research

The National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Non-communicable Disease and its Trends in the Aged 2010 (NIPPON DATA2010): Objectives, Design, and Population Characteristics.
CONCLUSIONS: We established NIPPON DATA2010 as a cohort study on a representative general Japanese population that covers all of Japan. PMID: 29503381 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - March 7, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research