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A Novel Rat Model of Embolic Cerebral Ischemia Using a Cell-Implantable Radiopaque Hydrogel Microfiber
We present a novel rat model of focal infarct restricted to the middle cerebral artery territory using a radiopaque hydrogel microfiber positioned under fluoroscopic guidance. By comparing the use of stem cell-containing versus non-containing fibers in this stroke model, it would be possible to determine the efficacy of "pure" cell transplantation in treating stroke.PMID:36867349 | DOI:10.1007/s12975-023-01144-6
Source: Cell Research - March 3, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Teppei Komatsu Hiroki Ohta Naoki Takakura Junichi Hata Tomomichi Kitagawa Yuta Kurashina Hiroaki Onoe Hirotaka James Okano Yasuyuki Iguchi Source Type: research

Infarct-preconditioning exosomes of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promoted vascular remodeling and neurological recovery after stroke in rats
CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that infarct-preconditioned exosomes promoted neurological recovery after stroke by enhancing vascular endothelial remodeling, suggested that infarct-preconditioned exosomes could be a novel way to alleviate brain damage following a stroke.PMID:35902882 | DOI:10.1186/s13287-022-03083-9
Source: Cell Research - July 28, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Yi-Chao Ye Zhe-Han Chang Peng Wang You-Wei Wang Jun Liang Chong Chen Jing-Jing Wang Hong-Tao Sun Yi Wang Xiao-Hong Li Source Type: research

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced neuroinflammation and pyroptosis by modulating microglia M1/M2 phenotypes
CONCLUSION: BMSC-Exos could ameliorate cerebral I/R injury via suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis by modulating microglial polarization.PMID:33741350 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113700
Source: Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaoli Liu Meimei Zhang Haining Liu Rui Zhu He He Yuqing Zhou Yilei Zhang Chen Li Donghui Liang Qing Zeng Guozhi Huang Source Type: research

An update on clinical, pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic perspectives of childhood leukodystrophies.
Authors: Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR Abstract Introduction: Leukodystrophies constitute heterogenous group of rare heritable disorders primarily affecting the white matter of central nervous system. These conditions are often under-appreciated among physicians. The first clinical manifestations of leukodystrophies are often nonspecific and can occur in different ages from neonatal to late adulthood periods. The diagnosis is, therefore, challenging in most cases.Area covered: Herein, the authors discuss different aspects of leukodystrophies. The authors used...
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - December 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research

Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats by targeting mTOR pathway
Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Donya Nazarinia, Nahid Aboutaleb, Raheleh Gholamzadeh, Solmaz Nasseri Maleki, Behnaz Mokhtari, Mahin NikougoftarAbstractConditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC-CM) was recently shown to have many antioxidant, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic growth factors. The present study was performed to investigate whether protective effects of hAMSC-CM against focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.A rat mo...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - October 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells cooperatively inhibit neuroinflammation and protect against ischemic stroke
This study aimed to explore the synergistic effects of nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages (NCNCs) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) on ischemic stroke and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms.Main methodsThe properties of NCNCs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, and the markers of HUC-MSCs were detected by flow cytometry. The cell toxicity of NCNCs was evaluated by MTT. Mice were induced cerebral infarction by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). NCNCs or HUC-MSCs or HUC-MSCs-NCNCs were intravenously injected thirty minutes after reperfusion. The infarct volume...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Geniposide Alleviates Glucocorticoid-Induced Inhibition of Osteogenic Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells by ERK Pathway
Conclusion In summary, we demonstrated that geniposide alleviated GC-induced osteogenic suppression in MC3T3-E1 cells. The effects of geniposide were at least partially associated with activating ERK signaling pathway via GLP-1 receptor. Geniposide might be a potential therapeutic agent for protection against GC-induced osteoporosis. Author Contributions BX, DX, CZ, and LW participated in research design. BX, JW, YL, XW, and ZZ conducted the experiments. BX, DX, and LW contributed new reagents or analytic tools and wrote or contributed to the writing of the manuscript. BX, JW, CZ, and DX performed the data analysis. Fu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 17, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Phagocytosis in the Brain: Homeostasis and Disease
Conclusions and Perspectives In this review we have summarized the critical role phagocytosis plays in both CNS homeostasis and disease. While much progress has been made in recent years, many unanswered questions remain. How phagocytosis in the CNS is influenced by numerous factors, such as microenvironment or phagocytic target, have yet to be fully resolved. Additionally, the utilization of novel technologies, including in vivo imaging techniques (217), iPSC-derived microglia (213) and high-throughput screens (66), will likely contribute to further identification of phagocytic pathways and consequences of phagocytosis w...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Attenuates Coronary Artery Ligation-Induced Heart Failure Through Improving Mitochondrial Function via Regulating ROS Generation and CaMKII Signaling Pathways
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health.” The protocol was approved by the “China Pharmaceutical University.” Surgical Preparation The mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (4% chloral hydrate, ip). The HF model was induced by CAL as previously reported (Gao et al., 2010). Successful ligation of the coronary artery was confirmed by the occurrence of ST-segment elevation in electrocardiogram. Sham operated mice were performed the same process except left CAL. After ligation, the h...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Facilitation of ultrasonic microvesicles on homing and molecular mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral infarction patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound microvesicle facilitated homing of BMSCs in cerebral infarction, and improved infarction disease via up-regulating VEGF expression, inhibiting NF-κB expression, and modulating apoptosis. PMID: 28975970 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

mfat ‐1 transgene protects cultured adult neural stem cells against cobalt chloride‐mediated hypoxic injury by activating Nrf2/ARE pathways
Abstract Ischemic stroke is a devastating neurological disorder and one of the leading causes of death and serious disability in adults. Adult neural stem cell (NSC) replacement therapy is a promising treatment for both structural and functional neurological recovery. However, for the treatment to work, adult NSCs must be protected against hypoxic‐ischemic damage in the ischemic penumbra. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the mfat‐1 transgene on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)‐induced hypoxic‐ischemic injury in cultured adult NSCs as well as its underlying mechanisms. The results ...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - June 22, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Junfeng Yu, Haiyuan Yang, Bin Fang, Zhengwei Zhang, Ying Wang, Yifan Dai Tags: Research Article Source Type: research