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Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children With Arterial Ischemic Stroke Brief Report
Conclusions—Using MassTag–polymerase chain reaction, we detected parvovirus B19—a virus known to infect erythrocytes and endothelial cells—in some cases of childhood arterial ischemic stroke. This approach can generate new, testable hypotheses about childhood stroke pathogenesis.
Source: Stroke - September 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Heather J. Fullerton, Jorge M. Luna, Max Wintermark, Nancy K. Hills, Rafal Tokarz, Ying Li, Carol Glaser, Gabrielle A. DeVeber, W. Ian Lipkin, Mitchell S.V. Elkind Tags: Pediatrics, Ischemic Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Functional Assessment of Stroke-Induced Regulation of miR-20a-3p and Its Role as a Neuroprotectant
This study identifies and characterizes a specific member of the miR-17 –92 cluster, miR-20a-3p, as a possible stroke therapeutic. A comprehensive microRNA screening showed that miR-20a-3p was significantly upregulated in astrocytes of adult female rats, which typically have better stroke outcomes, while it was profoundly downregulated in astrocytes of middle-aged fem ales and adult and middle-aged males, groups that typically have more severe stroke outcomes. Assays using primary human astrocytes and neurons show that miR-20a-3p treatment alters mitochondrial dynamics in both cell types. To assess whether stroke outcome...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Nicotine Treatment Ameliorates Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Endothelial Scaffolding Protein Pdlim5
AbstractAnalysis of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) trial shows that cigarette smoking protected tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-treated patients from hemorrhage transformation (HT); however, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Damage to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the pathological basis of HT. Here, we investigated the molecular events of BBB damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) usingin vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) andin vivo mice middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. Our results showed that the permeability of bEND.3 monolayer endothelial cells was significantly i...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Molecular profile of the rat peri-infarct region four days after stroke: Study with MANF.
In this study, we examine the molecular profile of the peri-infarct region on post-stroke day four, time when reparative processes are ongoing. We used a multiomics approach, involving RNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry-based proteomics and metabolomics to characterize molecular changes in the peri-infarct region. We also took advantage of our previously developed method to express transgenes in the peri-infarct region where self-complementary adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were injected into the brain parenchyma on post-stroke day 2. We have previously used this method to show that mesencephalic astrocyte-derived...
Source: Experimental Neurology - March 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Teppo J, Vaikkinen A, Stratoulias V, Mätlik K, Anttila JE, Smolander OP, Pöhö P, Harvey BK, Kostiainen R, Airavaara M Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Functional Assessment of Stroke-Induced Regulation of miR-20a-3p and Its Role as a Neuroprotectant
This study identifies and characterizes a specific member of the miR-17-92 cluster, miR-20a-3p, as a possible stroke therapeutic. A comprehensive microRNA screening showed that miR-20a-3p was significantly upregulated in astrocytes of adult female rats, which typically have better stroke outcomes, while it was profoundly downregulated in astrocytes of middle-aged females and adult and middle-aged males, groups that typically have more severe stroke outcomes. Assays using primary human astrocytes and neurons show that miR-20a-3p treatment alters mitochondrial dynamics in both cell types. To assess whether stroke outcomes co...
Source: Cell Research - September 27, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Taylor E Branyan Amutha Selvamani Min Jung Park Kriti E Korula Kelby F Kosel Rahul Srinivasan Farida Sohrabji Source Type: research

SOD1 Overexpression Prevents Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Cerebral Myogenic Dysfunction: Relevance to Contralateral Hemisphere and Stroke Outcomes.
Conclusion: Our results showed that SOD1 overexpression nullified the detrimental effects of HG on myogenic tone and stroke outcomes, and that contralateral hemisphere may be a novel target for the management of acute hyperglycemic stroke. PMID: 25552308 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - December 31, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Coucha M, Li W, Hafez S, Abdelsaid M, Johnson MH, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

SOD1 overexpression prevents acute hyperglycemia-induced cerebral myogenic dysfunction: relevance to contralateral hemisphere and stroke outcomes
In conclusion, our results show that SOD1 overexpression nullified the detrimental effects of HG on myogenic tone and stroke outcomes and that the contralateral hemisphere may be a novel target for the management of acute hyperglycemic stroke.
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Coucha, M., Li, W., Hafez, S., Abdelsaid, M., Johnson, M. H., Fagan, S. C., Ergul, A. Tags: INTEGRATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

OCT4B-190 protects against ischemic stroke by modulating GSK-3 β/HDAC6.
OCT4B-190 protects against ischemic stroke by modulating GSK-3β/HDAC6. Exp Neurol. 2019 Apr 11;: Authors: Chen Y, Wu Z, Zhu X, Zhang M, Zang X, Li X, Xu Y Abstract OCT4 is a key regulator in maintaining the pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Human OCT4 gene has three mRNA isoforms, termed OCT4A, OCT4B and OCT4B1. The 190-amino-acid protein isoform (OCT4B-190) is one of the major products of OCT4B mRNA, the biological function of which is still not well defined. Recent evidence suggests that OCT4B-190 may function in the cellular stress response. The glycogen synthase kinase...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 10, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Chen Y, Wu Z, Zhu X, Zhang M, Zang X, Li X, Xu Y Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Presynaptic Caytaxin prevents apoptosis via deactivating DAPK1 in the acute phase of cerebral ischemic stroke.
Abstract Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is a key protein that mediates neuronal death in ischemic stroke. Although the substrates of DAPK1 and molecular signal in stroke have been gradually discovered, the modulation of DAPK1 itself is still unclear. Here we first reveal that Caytaxin, a brain-specific member of BCL2/adenovirus E1B -interacting protein (BNIP-2), increases and interacts with DAPK1 as early as 2 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in the penumbra area of mouse brain. Furthermore, Caytaxin binds to DAPK1 at the presynaptic site and inhibits DAPK1 catalytic activity. Silencing...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang S, Chen K, Yu J, Wang X, Li Q, Lv F, Shen H, Pei L Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Pediatric Medullary Stroke, Severe Dysphagia, and Multimodal Intervention
We present a 7-year-old male with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (velocardiofacial syndrome) and velopharyngeal insufficiency who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery at an outside hospital whose post-operative course was complicated by adenovirus, viral myocarditis, and dorsal medullary stroke. He required a tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube. He was discharged from that hospital and readmitted to our hospital 4 months later for increased oxygen requirement, requiring a 5 month admission in the intensive care unit s. His initial VFSS revealed absent UES opening with the entire bolus remaining in the pyriform sinuses resulting in...
Source: Dysphagia - October 27, 2021 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research

Ca2+ ‐dependent activator protein for secretion 1 promotes spontaneous recovery in ischemic stroke by regulating BDNF secretion
In conclusion, CAPS1 regulates neurogenesis by upregulating BDNF release in the hippocampus, which finally facilitate spontaneous recovery after ischemic stroke.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - March 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: DianWei Liu, Yan Zheng, Yuan Chen, Yang Jiang, HuiYun Wang, LingMei Li, Ling Ma Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Neuron-Specific Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 3 Is a Central Regulator of Neuronal Death in Acute Ischemic Stroke Nervous System
Neuronal death after ischemic stroke involves multiple pathophysiological events, as well as a complex molecular mechanism. Inhibiting a single therapeutic target that is involved in several ischemic signaling cascades may be a promising strategy for stroke management. Here, we report the versatile biological roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in ischemic stroke. Using several genetically manipulated mouse strains, we also demonstrated that TRAF3 inhibition can be neuroprotective. TRAF3 expression, which is robustly induced in response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, was detecte...
Source: Hypertension - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gong, J., Li, Z.-Z., Guo, S., Zhang, X.-J., Zhang, P., Zhao, G.-N., Gao, L., Zhang, Y., Zheng, A., Zhang, X.-F., Xiang, M., Li, H. Tags: Apoptosis, Ischemic biology - basic studies, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Oxidant stress Nervous System Source Type: research

SerpinA3N attenuates ischemic stroke injury by reducing apoptosis and neuroinflammation
CONCLUSIONS: SerpinA3N is expressed in astrocytes and penumbra neurons after stroke in mice. It reduces brain damage possibly via interacting with clusterin and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation.PMID:34897996 | DOI:10.1111/cns.13776
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - December 13, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yu Zhang Qianbo Chen Dashuang Chen Wenqi Zhao Haowei Wang Mei Yang Zhenghua Xiang Hongbin Yuan Source Type: research

Administration of intramuscular AAV-BDNF and intranasal AAV-TrkB promotes neurological recovery via enhancing corticospinal synaptic connections in stroke rats
In this study, we performed non-invasive treatment methods focused on intramuscular injection into stroke-injured forelimb muscles, or intranasal administration using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors carrying genes encoding BDNF or TrkB. In a permanent rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, we assessed the effects of combination therapy with AAV-BDNF and AAV-TrkB on motor functional recovery and synaptic plasticity of the corticospinal connections. Our results showed that BDNF or TrkB gene transduced in the spinal anterior horn neurons and cerebral cortical neurons. Compared to AAV vector treatment alone, b...
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Jing Wang Yichen Cai Jingyi Sun Hua Feng Xiaoyu Zhu Qian Chen Feng Gao Qingbin Ni Leilei Mao Mingfeng Yang Baoliang Sun Source Type: research

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