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Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation
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Total 240 results found since Jan 2013.
Identifying Warfarin Control With Stroke and Bleed Risk Scores
Warfarin decreases stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients, with efficacy and safety impacted by the quality of warfarin control, as measured by time in therapeutic range (TTR). Stroke and bleed risk scores are calculated prior to commencing warfarin, so it would be beneficial if these scores also identified likely warfarin control. Some studies have investigated CHADS2, CHA2DS2VASc, and HASBLED individually for this purpose, but application of all scores to diverse ethnic populations and at sites with differing overall control has not been investigated.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - November 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nijole Bernaitis, Chi Keong Ching, Tony Badrick, Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research
Diagnostic Performance of Pulmonary Capacitance at Rest and During Exercise in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Reliable markers of early disease are needed in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). As measures of the contribution of abnormal vascular compliance to overall vascular resistance, resting and exercise pulmonary capacitance —defined as the stroke volume divided by the change in pulmonary pulse pressure—may be sensitive markers of early disease.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - November 8, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pankaj Jain, Sriram Rao, Peter Macdonald, Eugene Kotlyar, Andrew Jabbour, Christopher Hayward, Anne Keogh Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Composite Y Grafts from the Left Internal Mammary Artery: Current Considerations
The use of composite coronary artery bypass grafts from the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) has increased over the last 20 years. Total arterial revascularisation can be achieved with two arterial conduits and is associated with a reduced risk of stroke. However, the traditional coronary bypass graft configurations of the in situ LIMA and aorto-coronary saphenous vein grafts remain as the mainstay of coronary bypass surgery in most centres. Concerns regarding composite Y grafts relate to (1) the adequacy of a single inflow for all coronary bypass grafts; (2) the risk of compromising the LIMA flow to the left anterior d...
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - October 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hugh S. Paterson, Paul G. Bannon Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
An Update on Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation
Cerebrovascular accidents or strokes related to atrial fibrillation (AF) are potentially preventable with anticoagulation. Until recently, warfarin was the only proven anticoagulant to be effective in stroke prevention, however the novel, direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now available, triggering a paradigm shift in treatment philosophy. Today, physicians need to consider in which patients anticoagulation should not be used rather than, as in the past, deciding in which patients it should be used.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - June 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: John Amerena, Daryl Ridley Tags: Review Source Type: research
To Screen or Not to Screen? Examining the Arguments Against Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with a lifetime risk of one in four of developing AF over the age of 40 years. Around 40% of patients are asymptomatic, which is of concern as AF is a major risk factor for stroke. Early detection and appropriate management reduces stroke risk by two-thirds. Atrial fibrillation screening is now recommended in international guidelines, but there are some common arguments against screening. Overall, to be of value any screening program must fulfil the World Health Organization (WHO) Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening programs.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lis Neubeck, Jessica Orchard, Nicole Lowres, S. Ben Freedman Tags: Review Source Type: research
Surgical and Hybrid Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in humans and is known to be associated with an increased risk of stroke, dementia, heart failure and mortality. Non-pharmacological therapy with ablation with either surgical or percutaneous techniques is recommended in drug refractory AF. Early attempts to devise procedures to ablate AF and restore sinus rhythm culminated with the Cox-Maze procedure, the first truly successful procedure. Since then, ablation surgery has been conducted predominately as a concomitant procedure.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Reece A. Davies, Saurabh Kumar, Richard B. Chard, Stuart P. Thomas Source Type: research
Dealing With the Left Atrial Appendage for Stroke Prevention: Devices and Decision-Making
Left atrial appendage (LAA) device occlusion represents a major evolution in stroke prevention for atrial fibrillation (AF). Left atrial appendage device occlusion is now a proven strategy which provides long-term thromboembolic stroke prevention for patients with non-rheumatic AF. Evidence supports its benefit as an alternative to long-term anticoagulation while mitigating long-term bleeding risks and improving cardiovascular mortality. The therapy offers expanded options to physicians and patients negotiating stroke prevention (both primary and secondary prevention), but a good understanding of the risks and benefits is ...
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 16, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Karen P. Phillips, Vince Paul Source Type: research
MicroRNA-21 via Dysregulation of WW Domain-Containing Protein 1 Regulate Atrial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients are at high risk of cardioembolic stroke or other complications [1,2]. Structural remodelling, especially atrial fibrosis, is fundamentally associated with the development of AF [3]. Atrial fibrosis is emerging as an important modulator of structural and functional integrity of atrial fibrillation [4]. Cardiac fibroblast proliferation plays a key role in atrial fibrosis and structural remodelling in AF patients [5,6]. However, the molecular mechanisms of atrial fibrosis during AF remain incompletely understood.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - March 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hui Tao, Meng Zhang, Jing-Jing Yang, Kai-Hu Shi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Combination Pills for Treatment of High Blood Pressure: Cost-effectiveness in The Asia Pacific Region
High blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of preventable disease and death globally[1]. Treatment of high BP substantially reduces major cardiovascular events, a 10mmHg reduction in systolic BP (SBP) reduces the relative risk of coronary events by 22% and stroke by 41%[2]. The World Health Organization estimates the global prevalence of high BP is 22% in adults, and prevalence is highest in low and middle income countries[3]. Much of the global burden of high BP occurs in the Asia Pacific region, where almost 60% of the world's population reside;[4] and, where affordability of treatment is vital to implementation.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - February 25, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Emily R Atkins, Thomas Lung, Julie Redfern Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Stem Cell Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases: What Does the Future Hold?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. In Australia, one in six people are affected by CVD and a total of 4.2 million people are suffering from heart disease, stroke or vascular disease. Coronary artery disease affects around 1.2 million Australians, many of whom develop chronic heart failure as a result of ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The management of CVD has evolved tremendously in the past three decades, but the majority of treatments are not curative.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - January 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hai-Ying Chen, Padraig Michael Strappe, Le-xin Wang Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Single-Centre Experience of Off-Pump Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Using Proximal Suture Device
To investigate the results of off-pump coronary artery grafting (OPCAB) with the proximal suture device (PSD) regarding postoperative stroke and graft patency.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - December 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suguru Ohira, Kiyoshi Doi, Satoshi Numata, Sachiko Yamazaki, Keiichi Itatani, Hidetake Kawajiri, Kazuki Morimoto, Hitoshi Yaku Source Type: research
The Use of Telehealth to Reduce Inequalities in Cardiovascular Outcomes in Australia and New Zealand: A Critical Review
Telehealth, the delivery of health care services at a distance using information and communications technology, is one means of redressing inequalities in cardiovascular outcomes for disadvantaged groups in Australia. This critical review argues that there is sufficient evidence to move to larger-scale implementation of telehealth for acute cardiac, acute stroke, and cardiac rehabilitation services. For cardiovascular chronic disease and risk factor management, telehealth-based services can deliver value but the evidence is less compelling, as the outcomes of these programs are variable and depend upon the context of their implementation.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - November 29, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Victoria Wade, Nigel Stocks Source Type: research
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma in a Prosthetic Aortic Graft
We describe the case of a 70-year-old man with Marfan Syndrome who was found to have Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) within an ascending aortic graft, his native aortic arch and arch vessels. Ten years previously he had undergone a Bentall's Procedure for a dilated aortic root. He presented with a left middle cerebral artery stroke. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed multiple filling defects within the aortic arch and branch vessels suggestive of thrombus. Following the stroke, his neurological deficit improved.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - August 29, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: David Bell, David Marshman Source Type: research
