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Total 171 results found since Jan 2013.

Not as Simple as Canker Sores
BY ​NANA P. MATSUMOTO, & DEREK MEEKS, DO​​A 16-year-old boy presented to a rural ED with a swollen jaw, painful blisters in the mouth, and earache for the past day. One week before, he had a fever with chills, sore throat, and dry coughs. He was not taking any medications, and his immunizations were up-to-date. He had a mild learning disorder but no significant past medical or surgical history.​An apthous ulcer, the most common and one of the earliest signs of Behçet's disease.The patient's vital signs were within normal limits, and his physical examination revealed anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, sinus con...
Source: The Case Files - October 11, 2017 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

What Causes Microcephaly?
Discussion Microcephaly is usually defined as an occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for sex, age and ethnicity. Severe microcephaly is used for OFC < 3 standard deviations. Rates of microcephaly range from 0.5-12 patients/10,000 live births. The OFC should be measured at every well child visit and at other opportunities and plotted on standard growth charts. The OFC is measured using a nonelastic tape measure around the largest part of the head with the tape measure held above the eyebrows and ears. It is a highly reproducible measurement. There are several diff...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders during 1990 –2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Publication date: Available online 17 September 2017 Source:The Lancet Neurology Author(s): GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator GroupValery LFeiginAmanuel AlemuAbajobirKalkidan HassenAbateFoadAbd-AllahAbdishakur MAbdulleSemaw FeredeAberaGebre YitayihAbyuMuktar BeshirAhmedAmani NidhalAichourIbtihelAichourMiloud Taki EddineAichourRufus OlusolaAkinyemiSamerAlabedRajaaAl-RaddadiNelsonAlvis-GuzmanAzmeraw T.AmareHosseinAnsariPalwashaAnwariJohanÄrnlövHamidAsayeshSolomon WeldegebrealAsgedomTesfay MehariAteyLeticiaAvila-BurgosEuripideFrinelG. ArthurAvokpahoAleksandraBaracMiguelBarbozaSuzanne LBarker-ColloTillBärnighaus...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - September 19, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurosyphilis in Africa: A systematic review
DiscussionThis is the first systematic review of the literature on neurosyphilis in Africa since the beginning of the HIV epidemic. Neurosyphilis continues to be reported as a manifestation of both early and late syphilis, but the methodological quality of the majority of the included studies was poor. Future well-designed prospective studies are needed to better delineate the incidence and clinical spectrum of neurosyphilis in Africa and to better define interactions with HIV in this setting.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - August 31, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Michael Marks Source Type: research

Parvovirus B19 infection associated with hemolytic anemia and cranial polyneuropathy
AbstractParvovirus B19 (PB19) is a common, widespread, small, single-stranded DNA virus which has been linked with a broad spectrum of clinical illnesses, including a variety of neurological complications such as encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis, stroke, cerebellar ataxia, and neuropathy. The authors describe a case of PB19 infection associated with hemolytic anemia and cranial polyneuropathy involving the second and third cranial nerves in a 23-year-old immunocompetent woman. The diagnosis of acute PB19 infection was established with detection of positive DNA and anti-PB19 IgM antibodies in blood samples. Antigangliosid...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - August 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Survival in Out-of-hospital Rapid Sequence Intubation of Non-Traumatic Brain Pathologies.
CONCLUSIONS: Non-traumatic brain pathologies are seven times more prevalent than traumatic brain injuries in patients that underwent out-of-hospital RSI in Victoria, Australia. Since the mechanisms through which RSI impacts mortality might differ between traumatic brain injuries and NTBP, and given that NTBP is very prevalent, it follows that the use of RSI in NTBP could be unsupported. PMID: 28622071 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Prehospital Emergency Care - June 19, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Prehosp Emerg Care Source Type: research

Trends and Characteristics of Tuberculous Meningitis in the United States, 1993-2013 (S30.007)
Conclusions:Over the past two decades, the incidence and mortality of TBM in the US have steadily declined, but neurological complications are increasing.Study Supported by:This work was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders [grant numbers K23NS082367, R01NS097443-01 to H.K.] and the Michael Goldberg Stroke Research Fund to [H.K.].Disclosure: Dr. Merkler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chatterjee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gialdini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Reynolds has nothing to disclose. Dr. Morris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Murthy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thakur has received personal com...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Merkler, A., Chatterjee, A., Gialdini, G., Reynolds, A., Morris, N., Murthy, S., Thakur, K., Kamel, H. Tags: Infectious Disease: HIV, Syphilis, Borrelia, TB, Cysticercosis, and Other Infections Source Type: research

Characteristics of hypertrophic pachymeningitis in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis
AbstractHypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is an important neurologic complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener ’s granulomatosis). The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features, radiological findings, and diagnostic pitfalls of GPA-related HP. A retrospective chart review was performed to screen patients diagnosed with GPA at Samsung Medical Center between 1997 and 2016. Neurologic manifest ation, laboratory findings, neuroimaging data, and clinical course were evaluated in all patients. Characteristics of patients with HP were compared to those of patients without HP. Sixty-...
Source: Journal of Neurology - February 19, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association of HIV and Opportunistic Infections With Incident Stroke: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Conclusions: Patients with HIV had an increased risk of stroke, particularly those with cryptococcal meningitis, cytomegalovirus, or P. marneffei infection.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - January 12, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Anti-atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects of the Angong Niuhuang Pill on a high fat and vitamin D3 induced rodent model of atherosclerosis
Conclusions We have demonstrated that ANP has robust ant-atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects on a high-fat and vitamin D3 – induced rodent model of atherosclerosis due to its antiplatelet aggregation, lipid regulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - December 24, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The learning curve in endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas.
CONCLUSIONS High rates of near- or total resection and visual improvement can be achieved using an endoscopic endonasal approach for craniopharyngiomas. However, the authors did find evidence for a learning curve. After 20 cases, they found a significant decrease in major neurological complications and significant increases in the rates of GTR rate and discharge to home. Although there was a large decrease in the rate of postoperative CSF leak over time, this was largely attributable to the inclusion of very early cases prior to the routine use of vascularized nasoseptal flaps. There was a significant increase in new panhy...
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kshettry VR, Do H, Elshazly K, Farrell CJ, Nyquist G, Rosen M, Evans JJ Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research

Evaluation of laser bacterial anti ‐fouling of transparent nanocrystalline yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia cranial implant
ConclusionsOur results show that E. coli biofilm formation across the thickness of the nc‐YSZ implant can be disrupted using NIR laser treatment. The results of this in vitro study suggest that using nc‐YSZ as a cranial implant in vivo may also allow for locally selective, non‐invasive, chronic treatment of bacterial layers (fouling) that might form under cranial implants, without causing adverse thermal damage to the underlying host tissue when appropriate laser parameters are used. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2016 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yasaman Damestani, Natalie De Howitt, David L. Halaney, Javier E. Garay, Guillermo Aguilar Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Evaluation of laser bacterial anti‐fouling of transparent nanocrystalline yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia cranial implant
ConclusionsOur results show that E. coli biofilm formation across the thickness of the nc‐YSZ implant can be disrupted using NIR laser treatment. The results of this in vitro study suggest that using nc‐YSZ as a cranial implant in vivo may also allow for locally selective, non‐invasive, chronic treatment of bacterial layers (fouling) that might form under cranial implants, without causing adverse thermal damage to the underlying host tissue when appropriate laser parameters are used. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 30, 2016 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yasaman Damestani, Natalie De Howitt, David L. Halaney, Javier E. Garay, Guillermo Aguilar Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Clinical events in a large prospective cohort of children with sickle cell disease in Nagpur, India: evidence against a milder clinical phenotype in India
ConclusionsSCD‐related complications are more frequent in Indian children than that observed in CSSCD. Further study is indicated to define SCD phenotype in India.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - June 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dipty Jain, Aishwarya Arjunan, Vijaya Sarathi, Harshwardhan Jain, Amol Bhandarwar, Marike Vuga, Lakshmanan Krishnamurti Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

French Intensive Care Society, International congress - Réanimation 2016.
C, Sauneuf B, Verrier P, Pottier V, Orabona M, Samba D, Viquesnel G, Lermuzeaux M, Hazera P, Hanouz JL, Parienti JJ, Du Cheyron D, Demoule A, Clavel M, Rolland-Debord C, Perbet S, Terzi N, Kouatchet A, Wallet F, Roze H, Vargas F, Guérin C, Dellamonica J, Jaber S, Similowski T, Quenot JP, Binquet C, Vinsonneau C, Barbar SD, Vinault S, Deckert V, Lemaire S, Hssain AA, Bruyère R, Souweine B, Lagrost L, Adrie C, Jung B, Daurat A, De Jong A, Chanques G, Mahul M, Monnin M, Molinari N, Lheureux O, Trepo E, Hites M, Cotton F, Wolff F, Surin R, Créteur J, Vincent JL, Gustot T, Jacobs F, Taccone FS, Neuville M, Timsit JF, El-Hel...
Source: Australian Family Physician - May 31, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jaillette E, Girault C, Brunin G, Zerimech F, Chiche A, Broucqsault-Dedrie C, Fayolle C, Minacori F, Alves I, Barrailler S, Robriquet L, Delaporte E, Thellier D, Delcourte C, Duhamel A, Nseir S, Valette X, Desmeulles I, Savary B, Masson R, Seguin A, Daubi Tags: Ann Intensive Care Source Type: research