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Specialty: Drugs & Pharmacology
Drug: Insulin

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Total 70 results found since Jan 2013.

Shengui Sansheng San Ameliorates Cerebral Energy Deficiency via Citrate Cycle After Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion In summary, SSS extraction significantly ameliorates cerebral energy metabolism via boosting citrate cycle, which mainly embodies the enhancements of blood glucose concentration, glucose and lactate transportation and glucose utilization, as well as the regulations of relative enzymes activities in citrate cycle. These ameliorations ultimately resulted in numerous ATP yield after stroke, which improved neurological function and infarcted volume. Collectively, it suggests that SSS extraction has exerted advantageous effect in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Ethics Statement All animal operations were accor...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and ischemic stroke.
CONCLUSION: Despite the multiple pleiotropic effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors, these agents do not appear to affect stroke risk. Ongoing large trials with longer follow-up will evaluate whether the pleiotropic effects of this class will translate into benefits in ischemic stroke prevention. PMID: 29412119 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cardiovascular and Hematological Disorders Drug Targets - February 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Insulin-treated versus noninsulin-treated diabetes and risk of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSION: In patients with AF, DM increases the risk of ischemic stroke, regardless of treatment. PMID: 33130017 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - October 28, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jensen T, Olesen KKW, Caterina, Würtz M, Kristensen SD, Maeng M Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Interferon‐based therapy reduces risk of stroke in chronic hepatitis C patients: a population‐based cohort study in Taiwan
ConclusionsInterferon‐based therapy may reduce the long‐term risk of stroke in patients with chronic HCV infection.
Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - June 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: C.‐S. Hsu, J.‐H. Kao, Y.‐C. Chao, H. H. Lin, Y.‐C. Fan, C.‐J. Huang, P.‐S. Tsai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Case–control study of oral glucose‐lowering drugs in combination with long‐acting insulin and the risks of incident myocardial infarction and incident stroke
ConclusionsSulfonylureas in combination with long‐acting insulin may increase the risk of MI compared with the use of insulin alone. Metformin may be an important cardiovascular disease prevention therapy for patients on insulin therapy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - November 8, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: James S. Floyd, Kerri L. Wiggins, Mark Christiansen, Sascha Dublin, William T. Longstreth, Nicholas L. Smith, Barbara McKnight, Susan R. Heckbert, Noel S. Weiss, Bruce M. Psaty Tags: Original Report Source Type: research

The role of KATP channels in cerebral ischemic stroke and diabetes.
Abstract ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are ubiquitously expressed on the plasma membrane of cells in multiple organs, including the heart, pancreas and brain. KATP channels play important roles in controlling and regulating cellular functions in response to metabolic state, which are inhibited by ATP and activated by Mg-ADP, allowing the cell to couple cellular metabolic state (ATP/ADP ratio) to electrical activity of the cell membrane. KATP channels mediate insulin secretion in pancreatic islet beta cells, and controlling vascular tone. Under pathophysiological conditions, KATP channels play cytoprotect...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - April 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Szeto V, Chen NH, Sun HS, Feng ZP Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Glucagon-like peptide-1 cleavage product GLP-1(9-36) reduces neuroinflammation from stroke via the activation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in astrocytes.
Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous gut hormone and a key regulator in maintaining glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion. Its natural cleavage product GLP-1 (9-36), which was formerly considered a "bio-inactive" metabolite mainly due to its low affinity for GLP-1 receptor, possesses unique properties such as cardiovascular protection. Little is known about the effects and mechanisms of GLP-1 (9-36) in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. Here, we report that systemic application of GLP-1 (9-36) in adult mice facilitated functional recovery and reduced infarct volume, astro...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - September 15, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Huang J, Liu Y, Cheng L, Li J, Zhang T, Zhao G, Zhang H Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Activation of the Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway enhances oxidative stress-induced autophagy and alleviates brain damage in a rat model of ischemic stroke
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 31. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0341. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAutophagy has been implicated in stroke. Our previous study showed that the FoxO3 transcription factor promotes autophagy after transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, whether the Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway plays a regulatory role in autophagy in cerebral I/R-induced oxidative stress injury is still unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effects of the Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway on autophagy activation and neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo. By employing LY294002 or insulin to regulate the Akt/Fo...
Source: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - October 31, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Aiqing Deng Limin Ma Qiuhong Ji Jiajun Xing Jianxin Qin Xueli Zhou Xin Wang Shouyan Wang Jianjun Wu Xia Chen Source Type: research

Targeting insulin resistance after stroke cuts cardiovascular risk
Large trial shows pioglitazone could reduce risk of cardiovascular events or diabetes in stroke patients
Source: Clinical Pharmacist - February 26, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

EMPA-REG and Other Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Glucose-lowering Agents: Implications for Future Treatment Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract During the last decade, the armamentarium for glucose-lowering drugs has increased enormously by the development of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, allowing individualization of antidiabetic therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Some combinations can now be used without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia and weight gain. Following a request of the US Food and Drug Administration, many large cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies have been performed in patients with longstanding disease and established CV disease. In the majority of CV outcome studies, CV ris...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Schernthaner G, Schernthaner-Reiter MH, Schernthaner GH Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

The effects of obesity on the cerebral vasculature.
Abstract The incidence of obesity in the population is increasing at an alarming rate, with this comes an increased risk of insulin resistance (IR). Obesity and IR increase an individual's risk of having a stroke and they have been linked to several forms of dementia. Stroke and dementia are associated with, or exacerbated by, reduced cerebral blood flow, which has recently been described in obese patients. In this review we will discuss the effects of obesity on cerebral artery function and structure. Regarding their function, we will focus on the endothelium and nitric oxide (NO) dependent dilation. NO dependent...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - May 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Dorrance AM, Matin N, Pires PW Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Ginsenoside F1 promotes angiogenesis by activating the IGF-1/IGF1R pathway
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2019Source: Pharmacological ResearchAuthor(s): Jiayan Zhang, Mingqun Liu, Maohua Huang, Minfeng Chen, Dong Zhang, Liangping Luo, Geni Ye, Lijuan Deng, Yinghui Peng, Xin Wu, Guanping Liu, Wencai Ye, Dongmei ZhangAbstractIschemic stroke is one of the most lethal and highly disabling diseases that seriously affects the human health and quality of life. A therapeutic angiogenic strategy has been proposed to alleviate ischemia-induced injury by promoting angiogenesis and improving cerebrovascular function in the ischemic regions. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/insulin-like g...
Source: Pharmacological Research - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Cationic Arginine-Rich Peptides (CARPs): An Assessment of Their Clinical Safety
AbstractCationic arginine-rich peptides represent a novel class of peptides being developed as neuroprotective agents for stroke and other acute and chronic neurological disorders. As a group, cationic arginine-rich peptides have a diverse range of other biological properties including the ability to traverse cell membranes, modulate immune responses, antagonise ion channel receptor function, as well as possessing cardioprotective, anti-nociceptive, anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties. A sound understanding of their safety profile is essential for the design of future clinical trials and for ensuring translational su...
Source: Drug Safety - June 30, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pro-GLP-1, A Pro-drug of GLP-1, is Neuroprotective in Cerebral Ischemia.
Abstract Pro-Glucagon-like peptide-1 (Pro-GLP-1), a long-lasting GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, was developed using a polymeric pro-drug strategy and its neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke were investigated in C57BL/6 mice. Pro-GLP-1 was injected into the intraperitoneal cavity of C57BL/6 mice once a day for 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. The neurological deficit score and TTC staining were determined 24 hours after ischemia. The results demonstrated that Pro-GLP-1 was slowly degraded in the plasma and brain of the mice, and GLP-1 could be detected even 12 hours after admi...
Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - January 29, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhang H, Meng J, Li X, Zhou S, Qu D, Wang N, Jia M, Ma X, Luo X Tags: Eur J Pharm Sci Source Type: research