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Study of ultrasound thrombolysis of blood clots using acoustic bubbles
Lab Chip, 2021, Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1039/D1LC00276G, PaperYuan Gao, Mengren Wu, Bruce Gaynes, Robert S Dieter, Jie Xu Thrombosis is a common medical entity associated with many forms of cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction and stroke. Recently, ultrasound thrombolysis has emerged as a promising technique for thrombosis treatment... The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Source: RSC - Lab Chip latest articles - July 22, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yuan Gao Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke disrupts the endothelial glycocalyx through activation of proHPSE via acrolein exposure Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, glycosaminoglycans, a component of the endothelial glycocalyx, were studied in the context of ischemic stroke using a photochemically induced thrombosis mouse model. Decreased levels of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and increased activity of hyaluronidase 1 and heparanase (HPSE) were observed in ischemic brain tissues. HPSE expression in cerebral vessels increased after stroke onset and infarct volume greatly decreased after co-administration of N-acetylcysteine + glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides as compared with N-acetylcysteine administration alone. These results suggest that the endothelial gl...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 25, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kenta Ko, Takehiro Suzuki, Ryota Ishikawa, Natsuko Hattori, Risako Ito, Kenta Umehara, Tomomi Furihata, Naoshi Dohmae, Robert J. Linhardt, Kazuei Igarashi, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

Protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) antagonists: Research progress on small molecules in the field of antiplatelet agents.
This article provides an overview of the discovery and development of small-molecule antagonists of PAR4 as novel antiplatelet agents, including structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis, progress of structure and bioassay optimization, and the latest structural and/or clinical information of representative small-molecule antagonists of PAR4. PMID: 33049608 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - October 7, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liu S, Li S, Yuan D, Wang E, Xie R, Zhang W, Kong Y, Zhu X Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

Novel potent antiplatelet thrombotic agent derived from biguanide for ischemic stroke.
Abstract Platelet thrombosis is the main pathogeny resulting in the low curability of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Metformin, a biguanide derivative that is the first-line oral medicine for type 2 diabetes, alleviates the severity of ischemic stroke in diabetic patients and suppresses platelet activation in experimental animal model. However, the clinical implementation of commercial biguanide analogs for stroke related to platelet thrombosis remains challenging due to its weak potency, poor pharmacokinetic characteristics and possible hypoglycemia. Here, twenty-three big...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - May 17, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xin G, Ming Y, Ji C, Wei Z, Li S, Morris-Natschke SL, Zhang X, Yu K, Li Y, Zhang B, Zhang J, Xing Z, He Y, Chen Z, Yang X, Niu H, Lee KH, Huang W Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

MicroRNAs in Venous Thrombo-Embolism.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Venous Thrombo-embolism (VTE) is the major preventable cause of death and disability worldwide. It has the third highest incidence rate of hospital death after coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. With the establishment of Virchow's triad stating the major factors responsible for VTE including stasis, hypercoagulability and endothelial dysfunction, the last decade reported number of studies regarding its diagnosis and prophylaxis. Till date the most commonly used clinical marker for its diagnosis is the D-dimer test, detecting endogenous fibrinolysis. This test often gives false positive ...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - January 31, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Angelina Hembrom A, Srivastava S, Garg I, Kumar B Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

A novel dried blood spots analysis combined with on-spot reaction for determination of trimethylamine N-oxide and its related compounds.
Abstract The application of dried blood spots in clinical research is becoming increasingly popular owing to its convenient collection, storage, and transportation compared to that of conventional biological samples. The potential of trimethylamine N-oxide and its related compounds as biomarkers for various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, stroke, thrombosis, and heart failure, was recently highlighted, which was the driving force behind the development of an analytical method to identify trimethylamine N-oxide and eight related compounds in dried blood spots. In the proposed method, a novel "on-s...
Source: Talanta - January 30, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Cho HD, Kim J, Lee JY, Kim YY, Lee Y, Jo E, Suh JH, Lee J, Cha S, Han SB Tags: Talanta Source Type: research

Activated protein C assays: a review.
Abstract Activated protein C (APC) acts as an "on demand" anticoagulant, reducing thrombin formation. Reduced plasma levels of APC or protein C (PC) are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. APC also displays cytoprotective functions and its therapeutic use has been evaluated in severe sepsis and is under evaluation in several diseases with an important inflammatory component. In addition, different studies have revealed a potential role of PC/APC in disorders such as obesity, pneumonia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, Alzheimer, stroke, etc. Accordingly, the therapeutic value of dif...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - November 11, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Oto J, Fernández-Pardo Á, Miralles M, Plana E, España F, Navarro S, Medina P Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 3407: Targeted Delivery of Plasminogen Activators for Thrombolytic Therapy: An Integrative Evaluation
Tony Wu In thrombolytic therapy, plasminogen activators (PAs) are still the only group of drug approved to induce thrombolysis, and therefore, critical for treatment of arterial thromboembolism, such as stroke, in the acute phase. Functionalized nanocomposites have attracted great attention in achieving target thrombolysis due to favorable characteristics associated with the size, surface properties and targeting effects. Many PA-conjugated nanocomposites have been prepared and characterized, and some of them has been demonstrated with therapeutic efficacy in animal models. To facilitate future translation, this pape...
Source: Molecules - September 18, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yunn-Hwa Ma Chih-Hsin Liu Yueh Liang Jyh-Ping Chen Tony Wu Tags: Review Source Type: research

Liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of direct oral anticoagulant drugs in biological samples: A critical review.
Abstract Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are first-line drugs used for the treatment of venous thromboembolism and prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. These drugs do not require the regular biochemical monitoring that is mandatory for warfarin, and they exhibit shorter half-lives and have a faster onset of action. Since recent real-world studies evidence a higher prevalence of adverse side effects than what was anticipated in clinical trials, monitoring the plasma concentrations of DOACs is being used to personalize their pharmacotherapy, in accordance to the characteristics of the patien...
Source: Analytica Chimica Acta - June 19, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Gouveia F, Bicker J, Gonçalves J, Alves G, Falcão A, Fortuna A Tags: Anal Chim Acta Source Type: research

Myeloperoxidase - A bridge linking inflammation and oxidative stress with cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a member of the superfamily of heme peroxidases that is mainly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes. MPO-derived reactive species play a key role in neutrophil antimicrobial activity and human defense against various pathogens primarily by participating in phagocytosis. Elevated MPO levels in circulation are associated with inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Multiple lines of evidence suggest an association between MPO and cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, arterial hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pe...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - February 21, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ndrepepa G Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Structure Activity Relationship of 4-Amino-2-thiopyrimidine Derivatives as Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors.
CONCLUSION: These negative findings demonstrated that this heterocyclic nucleus is not a useful common pharmacophore for developing P2Y-dependent inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Nevetheless, compounds 2c and 2h could represent a new chemotype to further develop inhibitors of platelet aggregation. PMID: 30734681 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Medicinal Chemistry - February 8, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Cacciari B, Crepaldi P, Cheng CY, Bossi E, Spalluto G, Federico S, Jacobson KA, Cattaneo M Tags: Med Chem Source Type: research

Recent advances in the development of neuroprotective agents and therapeutic targets in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
This article reviews current research and developments regarding small molecular compounds, including natural products and newly synthesized compounds that have neuroprotective effects and potential molecular targets for the recovery of post-ischemic stroke neural function that have been identified through lab investigations conducted during the last five years. Although pre-clinical studies of these compounds may not be immediately successful, current findings suggest that these therapeutic targets and neuroprotective agents are promising. PMID: 30445263 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - November 7, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Luo Y, Tang H, Li H, Zhao R, Huang Q, Liu J Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 374: Inhibitory Effect of Flavonolignans on the P2Y12 Pathway in Blood Platelets
k-Bijak Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is the major platelet agonist, which is important in the shape changes, stability, and growth of the thrombus. Platelet activation by ADP is associated with the G protein-coupled receptors P2Y1 and P2Y12. The pharmacologic blockade of the P2Y12 receptor significantly reduces the risk of peripheral artery disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and vascular death. Recent studies demonstrated the inhibition of ADP-induced blood platelet activation by three major compounds of the flavonolignans group: silybin, silychristin, and silydianin. For this reason, the aim of the curren...
Source: Molecules - February 10, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Michal Bijak Rafal Szelenberger Angela Dziedzic Joanna Saluk-Bijak Tags: Article Source Type: research

Biomarkers associated with stroke risk in atrial fibrillation.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased risk for cardioembolic stroke. The risk of cardioembolism is not adequately reduced with the administration of oral anticoagulants, since a number of patients continue to experience thromboembolic events despite receiving anti-thrombotic treatment. Several biomarkers have been proposed to predict cardioembolic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Some of them are already used in the clinical practice, such as D-Dimers, Troponin and brain natriuretic peptide. Novel ones such as the inflammatory growth differentiation factor-15, appear to be promising...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - July 18, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ioannou A, Papageorgiou N, Falconer D, Rehal O, Sewart E, Zacharia E, Toutouzas K, Vlachopoulos C, Siasos G, Tsioufis C, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Synthesis, Anticlotting and Antiplatelet Effects of 1,2,3-Triazoles Derivatives.
CONCLUSION: 1,2,3-triazoles are potential candidates for molecular modeling of new antithrombotic drugs. PMID: 27140186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Medicinal Chemistry - May 1, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: de Andrade Moura L, de Almeida AC, da Silva AV, de Souza VR, Ferreira VF, Menezes MV, Kaiser CR, Ferreira SB, Fuly AL Tags: Med Chem Source Type: research

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