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NO/cGMP/PKG pathway in platelets:the therapeutic potential of PDE5 inhibitors in platelet disorders
J Thromb Haemost. 2022 Aug 11. doi: 10.1111/jth.15844. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPlatelets are the "guardians" of the blood circulatory system. At sites of vessel injury, they ensure hemostasis and promote immunity and vessel repair. However, their uncontrolled activation is one of the main drivers of thrombosis. To keep circulating platelets in a quiescent state, the endothelium releases platelet antagonists including nitric oxide (NO) that acts by stimulating the intracellular receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC). The latter produces the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) that inhibits platelet ac...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - August 11, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Anisa Degjoni Federica Campolo Lucia Stefanini Mary Anna Venneri Source Type: research

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Arterial Mesenteric Ischaemia: No Benefit of Mechanical Over Manual Thrombus Aspiration
Early vessel recanalisation is the cornerstone of treatment of acute arterial mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) and can be achieved by either percutaneous endovascular techniques or open repair. Depending on the mechanism of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion, endovascular techniques include intra-arterial thrombolysis, thrombus aspiration, or stenting. Endovascular thrombus aspiration has been shown to be beneficial for cerebral stroke, lower limb ischaemia, and myocardial infarction. Regarding AMI, endovascular thrombus aspiration has only been evaluated in small series,1 and SMA thrombus aspiration methods (manual or m...
Source: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery - May 11, 2022 Category: Surgery Authors: Lorenzo Garzelli, Iannis B. Abdallah, Alexandre Nuzzo, Olivier Corcos, Yves Castier, Maxime Ronot Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research

Extent of mural thrombus is not associated with increased 5-year mortality following elective AAA repair
CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, the extent of mural thrombus in AAA does not influence long-term survival after elective repair. AAA repair may provide protection against circulating components of mural thrombus which have the potential to promote atherosclerotic-related adverse events. Patients with renal insufficiency and larger AAA have increased risk of mortality 5 years after elective repair.PMID:35331063 | DOI:10.1177/17085381211063282
Source: Vascular - March 25, 2022 Category: Surgery Authors: Bilal Siddiq Matthew Dejong Emily Decicco Tara Zielke Melissa D'Andrea Bernadette Aulivola Matthew Blecha Source Type: research

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Targeting Protects Against Ischemic Damage After Fibrin-Rich Thrombotic Stroke Despite Non-Reperfusion
Stroke is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide caused primarily by a thrombotic vascular occlusion that leads to cell death. To date, t-PA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is the only thrombolytic therapy approved which targets fibrin as the main component of ischemic stroke thrombi. However, due to its highly restrictive criteria, t-PA is only administrated to less than 10% of all stroke patients. Furthermore, the research in neuroprotective agents has been extensive with no translational results from medical research to clinical practice up to now. Since we first described the key role of NETs (Neutrophil Ext...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 16, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Endovascular versus open surgical repair for complicated chronic Type B aortic dissection
CONCLUSIONS: Due to lack of RCTs or CCTs investigating the effectiveness and safety of TEVAR compared to OSR for patients with complicated CBAD, we are unable to provide any evidence to inform decision-making on the optimal intervention for these patients. High-quality RCTs or CCTs addressing this objective are necessary. However, conducting such studies will be challenging for this life-threatening disease.PMID:34905228 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012992.pub2
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Fionnuala Jordan Brian FitzGibbon Edel P Kavanagh Peter McHugh Dave Veerasingam Sherif Sultan Niamh Hynes Source Type: research

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Exacerbate Ischemic Brain Damage
AbstractMost acute strokes are ischemic, and subsequent neuroinflammation promotes further damage leading to cell death but also plays a beneficial role by promoting cellular repair. Neutrophils are forerunners to brain lesions after ischemic stroke and exert elaborate functions. While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) possess a fundamental antimicrobial function within the innate immune system under physiological circumstances, increasing evidence indicates that NETosis, the release process of NETs, occurs in the pathogenic process of stroke. In this review, we focus on the processes of NET formation and clearance, th...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic Transformation and Stroke Recurrence in Children with Cardiac Disease Receiving Antithrombotic Therapy for Secondary Stroke Prevention
CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the 24% hemorrhagic transformation rate, antithrombotic therapy has a positive risk-balance in certain cardioembolic stroke subgroups, particularly in those with single-ventricle physiology, when accounting for stroke volume.PMID:34152075 | DOI:10.1111/jth.15428
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - June 21, 2021 Category: Hematology Authors: Elizabeth Pulcine Mike Seed Leonardo R Brand ão Mahmoud Slim Sunitha Palasamudram Manohar Shroff Mahendranath Moharir Gabrielle deVeber Nomazulu Dlamini Source Type: research

Angiogenin in the Neurogenic Subventricular Zone After Stroke
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with effective acute thrombolytic treatments. However, brain repair mechanisms related to spontaneous or rehabilitation-induced recovery are still under investigation, and little is known about the molecules involved. The present study examines the potential role of angiogenin (ANG), a known regulator of cell function and metabolism linked to neurological disorders, focusing in the neurogenic subventricular zone (SVZ). Angiogenin expression was examined in the mouse SVZ and in SVZ-derived neural stem cells (NSCs), which were exposed to exogenous ANG treat...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Five-Year Outcomes with Conformable GORE ® TAG® endoprosthesis used in traumatic aortic transections
CONCLUSIONS: Five-year outcomes verify the CTAG device is a safe, effective, and durable option for BAI patients undergoing TEVAR.PMID:34126073 | DOI:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.05.054
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - June 14, 2021 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Mark A Farber Kambhampaty V Krishnasastry Nimesh Desai Benjamin W Starnes Jon S Matsumura Beth C Tohill TAG 08-02 clinical trial investigators Source Type: research

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