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Preventable Cases of Oral Anticoagulant-Induced Bleeding: Data From the Spontaneous Reporting System
Conclusion: Our findings describe the most reported risk factors for preventability of oral anticoagulant-induced bleedings. These factors may be useful for targeting interventions to improve pharmacovigilance activities in our regional territory and to reduce the burden of medication errors and inappropriate prescription. Introduction Oral anticoagulant therapy is widely used for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation, or for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (Raj et al., 1994; Monaco et al., 2017). Oral anticoagulants can be di...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Review of Antiplatelet Activity of Traditional Medicinal Herbs on Integrative Medicine Studies.
Authors: Kim K, Park KI Abstract Thrombotic events mainly occurred by platelet activation and aggregation. The vascular occlusion causes serious disease states such as unstable angina, ischemic stroke, and heart attack. Due to the pervading of thrombotic diseases, new antiplatelet drugs are necessary for preventing and treating arterial thrombosis without adverse side effects. Traditional medicinal herbs have been used for the treatment of human ailments for a long time. The clinically useful and safe products from traditional medicinal herbs were identified and developed in numerous pharmacological approaches. A c...
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - February 6, 2019 Category: Complementary Medicine Tags: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Source Type: research

Novel approaches to anti-atherosclerotic therapy: Cell-based models and herbal preparations (Review of our own data).
Abstract Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial disease characterized by vascular inflammation, accumulation of lipids in the arterial wall, and formation and growth of atherosclerotic plaques followed by ischemia. In subclinical atherosclerosis, cholesterol retention in subendothelial cells leads to induction of local inflammation, generation of foam cells and lesion formation, followed by a chain of other pathogenic events. Atherosclerotic progression can frequently be fatal, since plaque rupture may lead to thrombosis and acute events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death. Traditional anti-athe...
Source: Current Drug Discovery Technologies - December 31, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Orekhov AN, Grechko AV, Romanenko EB, Zhang D, Chistiakov DA Tags: Curr Drug Discov Technol Source Type: research

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant nutraceuticals and herbal products: An overview of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
CONCLUSION: It is concluded that nutraceuticals possess enormous health benefits and their interventions can be highly beneficial in the prevention/reduction of CVDs and related disorders such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart attack and stroke. The findings of this review provide an update on the emerging uses of nutraceuticals, functional foods, and herbal remedies in humans. Nevertheless, large-scale randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials are needed to confirm the health benefit claims about nutraceuticals and herbal products to establish their long-term safety and to resolve the controversy ...
Source: Recent Patents on Inflammation and Allergy Drug Discovery - August 17, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov Source Type: research

Gintonin modulates platelet function and inhibits thrombus formation via impaired glycoprotein VI signaling.
In this study, we explored the anti-platelet activity of gintonin (a recently discovered non-saponin fraction of ginseng) against agonist-induced platelet activation. In vitro effects of gintonin on agonist-induced human and rat platelet aggregation, granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and intracellular calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) mobilization were examined. Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation techniques were used to estimate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and interaction of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) signaling pathway...
Source: Platelets - June 6, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: Platelets Source Type: research

Outcomes of an online pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic for individuals on warfarin therapy living in rural communities
Warfarin is one of the oral anticoagulants used for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and mechanical heart valves or the treatment of venous thromboembolism [1]. However, warfarin therapy is challenging not only because this drug is known to have a narrow therapeutic range and carry a risk of bleeding but also because it can be influenced by certain patient variables and potential drug –drug, drug–food, and drug–herb interactions. In Chinese patients, warfarin therapy is especially challenging because Chinese patients are more sensitive than Caucasians to the anticoagulant effect of warfar...
Source: Thrombosis Research - July 20, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Jinhua Zhang, Maobai Liu, Qiang Chen, Jianmei Wu, Hua Cao Tags: Letter to the Editors-in-Chief Source Type: research

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) extract attenuates permanent cerebral ischemia through inhibiting platelet activation in rats
Conclusions SCED attenuates cerebral ischemic injury. The possible mechanism is that SCED inhibits thrombosis formation, platelet aggregation and activation of PLC/PKC pathway. On this basis, this new extract could be a promising agent to inhibit thrombosis formation and protect against cerebral ischemia injury. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - June 21, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

One-Compound-Multi-Target: Combination Prospect of Natural Compounds with Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only FDA approved drug for acute ischemic stroke treatment, but its clinical use is limited due to the narrow therapeutic time window and severe adverse effects, including hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and neurotoxicity. One of the potential resolutions is to use adjunct therapies to reduce the side effects and extend t-PA's therapeutic time window. However, therapies modulating single target seems not satisfying, and a multi-target strategy is warranted to resolve such complex disease. Recent years, large amounts of efforts have been made to explore the active...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - June 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chen HS, Qi SH, Shen JG Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Targeting ONOO-/HMGB1/MMP-9 Signaling Cascades: Potential for Drug Development from Chinese Medicine to Attenuate Ischemic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Thrombolytic Treatment
Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and ischemic stroke accounts for more than 85% of the stroke incidence. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only FDA-approved drug for ischemic stroke treatment with a narrow treatment time window of 4.5 h. Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a severe complication of delayed t-PA treatment in ischemic stroke. Thus, it is critically important to develop combination therapies to reduce HT and extend the therapeutic time window of t-PA. Current progress suggests that peroxynitrite (ONOO-)/high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (...
Source: Integrative Medicine International - February 3, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic effect of a traditional herbal medicine Kyung-Ok-Ko
Conclusions These findings suggest that KOK elicits remarkable anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic effects with less side effect of bleeding, and therefore, it may have a therapeutic potential for the prevention of platelet-associated cardiovascular diseases. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - December 17, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

One-Compound-Multi-Target: Combination Prospect of Natural Compounds with Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only FDA approved drug for acute ischemic stroke treatment, but its clinical use is limited due to the narrow therapeutic time window and severe adverse effects, including hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and neurotoxicity. One of the potential resolutions is to use adjunct therapies to reduce the side effects and extend t-PA's therapeutic time window. However, therapies modulating single target seems not satisfying, and a multi-target strategy is warranted to resolve such complex disease. Recent years, large amounts of efforts have been made to explore the active...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - December 7, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chen HS, Qi SH, Shen JG Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Effects of organic extracts and their different fractions of five Bangladeshi plants on in vitro thrombolysis
Conclusions: Our study suggests that thrombolytic activity of T. orientalis, B. monnieri and U. sinuata could be considered as very promising and beneficial for the Bangladeshi traditional medicine. Lower effects of other extracts might suggest the lack of bio-active components and/or insufficient quantities in the extract. In vivo clot dissolving property and active component(s) of T. orientalis and B. monnieri for clot lysis could lead the plants for their therapeutic uses. However, further work will establish whether or not, chloroform soluble phytochemicals from these plants could be incorporated as a thrombolytic agen...
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - April 23, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Talha EmranMd RahmanMir UddinMd RahmanMd UddinRaju DashChadny Layzu Source Type: research

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