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Condition: Osteoporosis

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Total 356 results found since Jan 2013.

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase 2: new therapeutic opportunities.
Abstract A family of detoxifying enzymes called aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) has been a subject of recent interest, as its role in detoxifying aldehydes that accumulate through metabolism and to which we are exposed from the environment has been elucidated. Although the human genome has 19 ALDH genes, one ALDH emerges as a particularly important enzyme in a variety of human pathologies. This ALDH, ALDH2, is located in the mitochondrial matrix with much known about its role in ethanol metabolism. Less known is a new body of research to be discussed in this review, suggesting that ALDH2 dysfunction may contribute...
Source: Physiological Reviews - January 1, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Chen CH, Ferreira JC, Gross ER, Mochly-Rosen D Tags: Physiol Rev Source Type: research

America's Next Great Prescription
Scientists have made a discovery that is proven to reduce premature death from heart attacks and stroke, lower the risk of diabetes and certain cancers, control blood pressure, prevent osteoporosis, and alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News - January 16, 2014 Category: Pharmaceuticals Authors: Robert Pearl, M.D. Source Type: news

Adiponectin as a routine clinical biomarker.
Abstract Adiponectin is a protein synthesized and secreted predominantly by adipocytes into the peripheral blood. However, circulating adiponectin level is inversely related with body weight, especially visceral fat accumulation. The mechanism of this paradoxical relation remains obscure. Low circulating adiponectin concentrations (hypoadiponectinemia; <4 μg/mL) are associated with a variety of diseases, including dysmetabolism (type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia), atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease), slee...
Source: Clin Med Res - January 1, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Kishida K, Funahashi T, Shimomura I Tags: Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Falls and comorbidity: The pathway to fractures.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the overall reduction in fractures can be explained by reduction in falls related comorbidity. PMID: 24434943 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health - January 16, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Jørgensen TS, Hansen AH, Sahlberg M, Gislason GH, Torp-Pedersen C, Andersson C, Holm E Tags: Scand J Public Health Source Type: research

The association between self-reported history of physical diseases and psychological distress in a community-dwelling Japanese population: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study
Conclusions: Subjects with a history of physical disease were significantly and positively associated with psychological distress, and social support did not modify this association for most physical diseases. Even after patients have left hospital following treatment for physical disease, they require continuous monitoring for psychological distress by doctors and paramedics.
Source: The European Journal of Public Health - January 24, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Nakaya, N., Kogure, M., Saito-Nakaya, K., Tomata, Y., Sone, T., Kakizaki, M., Tsuji, I. Tags: Mental health Source Type: research

UK medical teaching about ageing is improving but there is still work to be done: the Second National Survey of Undergraduate Teaching in Ageing and Geriatric Medicine
Conclusions: there was an improvement in teaching and assessment of learning outcomes in ageing and geriatric medicine for UK undergraduates between 2008 and 2013. However, further work is needed to increase the amount of teaching time devoted to ageing and to improve teaching around elder abuse and the domains of health used in CGA.
Source: Age and Ageing - February 18, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gordon, A. L., Blundell, A., Dhesi, J. K., Forrester-Paton, C., Forrester-Paton, J., Mitchell, H. K., Bracewell, N., Mjojo, J., Masud, T., Gladman, J. R. F. Tags: Short Reports Source Type: research

Agreement between self-reported and general practitioner-reported chronic conditions among multimorbid patients in primary care - results of the MultiCare cohort study
Conclusions: For multimorbidity research, the knowledge of diseases with high disagreement levels between the patients' perceived illnesses and their physicians' reports is important. The analysis shows that different patient characteristics have an impact on the agreement. Findings from this study should be included in the development of clinical guidelines for multimorbidity aiming to optimize health care. Further research is needed to identify more reasons for disagreement and their consequences in health care.Trial registration: ISRCTN89818205.
Source: BMC Family Practice - March 1, 2014 Category: Primary Care Authors: Heike HansenIngmar SchäferGerhard SchönSteffi Riedel-HellerJochen GensichenSiegfried WeyererJuliana PetersenHans-Helmut KönigHorst BickelAngela FuchsSusanne HöfelsBirgitt WieseKarl WegscheiderHendrik van den BusscheMartin Scherer Source Type: research

Clinical prediction rules in practice: review of clinical guidelines and survey of GPs.
CONCLUSION: GPs use CPRs to guide management but also to comply with local policy requirements. Future research could focus on which clinical areas clinicians would most benefit from CPRs and promoting the use of robust, externally validated CPRs. PMID: 24686888 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The British Journal of General Practice - April 1, 2014 Category: Primary Care Authors: Plüddemann A, Wallace E, Bankhead C, Keogh C, Van der Windt D, Lasserson D, Galvin R, Moschetti I, Kearley K, O'Brien K, Sanders S, Mallett S, Malanda U, Thompson M, Fahey T, Stevens R Tags: Br J Gen Pract Source Type: research

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Risk of Osteoporosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.
Conclusion: People diagnosed with OSA are at increased risk for subsequent osteoporosis. PMID: 24735427 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - April 15, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chen YL, Weng SF, Shen YC, Chou CW, Yang CY, Wang JJ, Tien KJ Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures in post-menopausal women and older men.
CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D alone is unlikely to prevent fractures in the doses and formulations tested so far in older people. Supplements of vitamin D and calcium may prevent hip or any type of fracture. There was a small but significant increase in gastrointestinal symptoms and renal disease associated with vitamin D and calcium. This review found that there was no increased risk of death from taking calcium and vitamin D. PMID: 24729336 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 14, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Avenell A, Mak JC, O'Connell D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Cohort Profile: The Namwon Study and the Dong-gu Study
These two cohorts were designed to examine the increasing burden of chronic diseases among Korean populations. The studies investigated determinants for stroke, osteoporosis, dementia and cancer among middle-aged and elderly Korean populations. The Namwon Study baseline survey was performed between 2004 and 2007 (n = 10 667), and followed up 4 years later (n = 8157, follow-up rate = 76.5%). The baseline survey of the Dong-gu Study was administered over 2007–2010 (n = 9260), and will be followed up between 2014 and 2015. Questionnaires included assessment of cognitive function, psychiatric health and lifestyle factors...
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - April 23, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kweon, S.-S., Shin, M.-H., Jeong, S.-K., Nam, H.-S., Lee, Y.-H., Park, K.-S., Ryu, S.-Y., Choi, S.-W., Kim, B.-H., Rhee, J.-A., Zheng, W., Choi, J.-S. Tags: Cohort Profiles Source Type: research

IL‐20 and IL‐20R1 antibodies protect against liver fibrosis
Conclusion: We identified a pivotal role of IL‐20 in liver injury and showed that 7E and 51D may be therapeutics for liver fibrosis. (Hepatology 2014;)
Source: Hepatology - April 25, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yi‐Shu Chiu, Chi‐Chen Wei, Yih‐Jyh Lin, Yu‐Hsiang Hsu, Ming‐Shi Chang Tags: Liver Injury and Regeneration Source Type: research

An adapted adult day centre for older adults with sensory impairment
The MAB-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre runs a Day Centre Programme whose objectives are to maintain or improve the seniors’ biological, psychological, and social health while delaying or avoiding institutionalization. Activities include walking groups, language courses, and memory games, supervised by an interdisciplinary team. Services include rehabilitation follow-up and referrals to community resources. The present study reports on the impact of the Day Centre on the holistic health of older adults with visual impairment. Between September 2011 and October 2012, 30 newly referred clients (age = 71–98 years, M ...
Source: British Journal of Visual Impairment - August 20, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Wittich, W., Murphy, C., Mulrooney, D. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Assessment of Risk in Chronic Airways Disease Evaluation (ARCADE): Protocol and preliminary data.
Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multisystem disease. Established comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, loss of muscle mass and function, depression, and impaired quality of life. The natural history is not well understood. The Assessment of Risk in Chronic Airways Disease Evaluation (ARCADE) is a longitudinal study of comorbidities in COPD. The primary aims are to delineate the progression and interrelationships of cardiovascular disease and associated comorbidities. Each year ARCADE aims to recruit 250 patients diagnosed with COPD and 50 comparators (free from resp...
Source: Chronic Respiratory Disease - August 26, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gale NS, Albarrati AM, Munnery MM, Munnery IC, Irfan M, Bolton CE, Rambaran CN, Singer RM, Cockcroft JR, Shale DJ Tags: Chron Respir Dis Source Type: research

Understanding and Communicating the Benefits and Risks of Denosumab, Raloxifene, and Teriparatide for the Treatment of Osteoporosis
The number needed to treat is a valuable metric to determine the benefit of therapy, but it must be viewed against the respective number needed to harm. Denosumab and teriparatide (TPTD) have proven antifracture efficacy at vertebral and nonvertebral sites, whereas raloxifene has proven antifracture efficacy at the spine only. Denosumab use has been associated with a small, yet statistically significant, increased incidence of eczema and serious cellulitis. Raloxifene use has been associated with statistically significant increases in the risk of venous thromboembolism and possibly deadly stroke, although not an increase in total strokes.
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - October 28, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: E. Michael Lewiecki, Paul D. Miller, Steve T. Harris, Douglas C. Bauer, K. Shawn Davison, Larry Dian, David A. Hanley, Michael R. McClung, Chui K. Yuen, David L. Kendler Source Type: research