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Condition: Encephalitis
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Total 377 results found since Jan 2013.

Association of Epileptiform Abnormality on Electroencephalography with Development of Epilepsy After Acute Brain Injury
ConclusionsEAs on cEEG in patients with ABI are associated with a greater than three-fold increased risk of new-onset epilepsy. cEEG findings in ABI may therefore be a useful risk stratification tool for assessing long-term risk of seizures and serve as a biomarker for new-onset epilepsy.
Source: Neurocritical Care - January 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Central and peripheral nervous system complications of COVID-19: a prospective tertiary center cohort with 3-month follow-up
ConclusionCNS  and PNS complications were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly in the ICU, and often attributable to critical illness. When COVID-19 was the primary cause for neurological disease, no signs of viral neurotropism were detected, but laboratory changes suggested autoimmune-mediate d mechanisms.
Source: Journal of Neurology - January 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study
ConclusionIn our population, antihistamine accounted for the highest proportion of drug-induced seizures. Considering that antihistamines are widely used as over-the-counter drugs around the world, they should be considered a possible cause of new-onset seizures.
Source: Neurological Sciences - January 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Exploration of patient- and relative-reported outcomes of cognitive, emotional, and social function after encephalitis.
Conclusions: Individuals affected by encephalitis experience the most significant symptoms in the somatic, cognitive, and communication domains. Outcomes as assessed by relatives were notably worse than those assessed by individuals themselves in nearly all domains. PMID: 33356613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - December 29, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Presentations and mechanisms of CNS disorders related to COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to severe respiratory symptoms, there are a growing number of reports showing a wide range of CNS complications in patients with COVID-19. Here, we review the literature on these complications, ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, endotheliitis, and stroke. We postulate that there are several different mechanisms involved in COVID-19–associated CNS dysfunction, particularly activation of inflammatory and thro...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - December 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bodro, M., Compta, Y., Sanchez-Valle, R. Tags: Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Encephalitis, COVID-19 Views [amp ] Reviews Source Type: research

Neurological Associations of COVID-19 —Do We Know Enough: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study
This study will discuss the detailed systematically evaluated clinical profile and relevant investigations and outcome of 14 laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive patients presenting with neurological signs and symptoms. The patients were further categorized into confirmed, probable, and possible neurological associations. The probable association was found in meningoencephalitis (n = 4), stroke (n = 2), Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 1), and anosmia (n = 1). The other six patients had coexisting neurological diseases with SARS-CoV-2. One patient with a large artery stroke succumbed to the illness due to respiratory comp...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pattern Recognition Approach to Brain MRI Findings in Patients with Dengue Fever with Neurological Complications
Conclusion: Radiologists should be aware of various MRI brain findings in dengue and a pattern recognition approach often helps in reaching the correct diagnosis albeit after exclusion of other differentials based on laboratory studies.
Source: Neurology India - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Sameer Vyas Nirmalya Ray Muniraju Maralakunte Ajay Kumar Paramjeet Singh Manish Modi Manoj Kumar Goyal Naveen Sankhyan Ashish Bhalla Navneet Sharma Muralidharan Jayashree Source Type: research

Clinical Correlates of Electroencephalographic Patterns in Critically Ill Patients.
CONCLUSION: Certain EEG patterns are associated with particular underlying etiologies like SWs for encephalitis, markedly attenuated EEG activity and burst suppression with large artery stroke and HIE, respectively. Whereas few EEG patterns, including periodic discharges, RDA, persistent focal slow wave activity have some prognostic value in critically ill patients. However, they cannot be used as markers for prognostic assessment of patients without considering other clinical and diagnostic variables. Further larger prospective studies with continuous EEG monitoring with control of confounding factors are needed. PMI...
Source: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience - October 26, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nazish S, Zafar A, Shariff E, Shahid R, Alamri S, Albakr A Tags: Clin EEG Neurosci Source Type: research

Neurological manifestations in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Stroke is the most frequently reported neurological manifestation in COVID-19 and has the highest mortality rate. Neurological manifestations tend to develop one to two weeks after the onset of respiratory disease. There is significant morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 neurological manifestations. PMID: 33074036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - October 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review
ConclusionNeurological manifestations of COVID-19 vary from mild (e.g. loss of taste and smell, dizziness, headache) to severe (e.g. ischemic stroke, encephalitis). Underlying pathways are suggested to be both indirect (as a result of thrombotic complication, inflammatory consequences, hypoxia, blood pressure dysregulation), and direct (neurotropic properties of the virus). Since most articles were opinion papers and no studies have been conducted on cognitive consequences, further research is warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - August 20, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Neurologic Involvement in COVID-19: Cause or Coincidence? A Neuroimaging Perspective ADULT BRAIN
SUMMARY: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shaken hospitals worldwide. Some authors suggest that neurologic involvement could further complicate the disease. This descriptive study is a cross-sectional review of 103 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who underwent neuroimaging (of a total of 2249 patients with COVID-19 in our center). Analyzed variables were neurologic symptoms and acute imaging findings. The most frequent symptoms that motivated neuroimaging examinations were mild nonfocal neurologic symptoms, code stroke (refers to patients presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke...
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - August 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Pons-Escoda, A., Naval-Baudin, P., Majos, C., Camins, A., Cardona, P., Cos, M., Calvo, N. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Stereotypies in adults: a systematic review.
Abstract Stereotypies are abnormal involuntary non-goal-directed movement patterns or vocalisations which repeat continuously in the same fashion over a period of time and on multiple occasions and are typically distractible. Stereotypies are common in both children and adults, but they are extensively reviewed only in children. There are very few studies, mainly in the form of case reports and case series, focusing on stereotypies occurring in adults as part of different neurological disorders. In adults, stereotypies can be both physiological and pathological. Common physiological stereotypies in adults are leg ...
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - July 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Shukla T, Pandey S Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description
We describe pathological and radiological data consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endotheliopathy with a haemorrhagic predisposition.
Source: Brain - July 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Zoster sine herpete: a review.
Authors: Zhou J, Li J, Ma L, Cao S Abstract Zoster sine herpete (ZSH) is one of the atypical clinical manifestations of herpes zoster (HZ), which stems from infection and reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the cranial nerve, spinal nerve, viscera, or autonomic nerve. Patients with ZSH display variable symptoms, such as neuralgia, however, different from HZ, ZSH show no zoster, which makes clinical diagnosis difficult. ZSH not only causes initial symptoms, such as neuropathic pain in the affected nerve, Bell palsy, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome, but also postherpetic neuralgia and fatal complications suc...
Source: Korean Journal of Pain - July 3, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Korean J Pain Source Type: research

Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review
ConclusionsNeurological manifestations of COVID-19 are not rare, especially large vessel stroke, Guillain –Barre syndrome, and meningoencephalitis. Moving forward, further studies are needed to clarify the prevalence of the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, investigate their biological backgrounds, and test treatment options. Physicians should be cautious not to overlook other neurol ogical diagnoses that can mimic COVID-19 during the pandemic.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 18, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research