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Condition: Encephalitis
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Total 377 results found since Jan 2013.

Neurological manifestations of dengue fever
Conclusions: In this study of patients admitted with dengue, neurological complications due to dengue were seen in 2.64%. Encephalopathy, encephalitis and syncope were the commonest manifestations, followed by acute symptomatic seizures, intracranial haemorrhage and GBS. The entire neuroaxis can be involved in dengue infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest reported study of neurological complications of dengue.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - December 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Rahul Kulkarni Shripad Pujari Dulari Gupta Source Type: research

Acute Neurologic Manifestations of Respiratory Viruses
This article describes the most common respiratory viruses that have neurologic manifestations, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. RECENT FINDINGS In vitro and in vivo studies have better elucidated the neurotropism of various respiratory viruses. Understanding host cell receptors that mediate viral binding and entry not only demonstrates how viruses enter host cells but also provides possible mechanisms for therapeutic interventions. Elucidation of SARS-CoV-2 binding and fusion with host cells expressing the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor may also provide greater insights into its systemic an...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - October 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Clinical presentation and assessment of older patients presenting with headache to emergency departments: A multicentre observational study
CONCLUSION: Older patients with headache had different clinical features to the younger cohort and were more likely to have a serious secondary cause of headache than younger adults. There should be a low threshold for investigation in older patients attending ED with non-traumatic headache.PMID:34570422 | DOI:10.1111/ajag.12999
Source: Australasian Journal on Ageing - September 27, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sierra Beck Frances B Kinnear Anne Maree Kelly Kevin H Chu Win Sen Kuan Gerben Keijzers Richard Body Mehmet A Karamercan Sharon Klim Tissa Wijeratne Sinan Kamona Colin A Graham Tom Roberts Daniel Horner Said Laribi HEAD Study Group Source Type: research

Long-term neurological and healthcare burden of adults with Japanese encephalitis: A  nationwide study 2000-2015
This study utilized two nationwide datasets in Taiwan: the Notifiable Disease Dataset of confirmed cases from the Centers for Disease Control to identify JE patients, and the National Health Insurance Research Database to obtain patients ’ healthcare utilization. Survival analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with the all-cause mortality of patients. ResultsThis study included 352 adult cases with JE (aged ≥20 years). The mean age of JE patients was 45 years. Stroke (event rate: 3.49/100 person-years) was the most common neurological complication, followed by epilepsy/convulsions (3.13/100 p...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - September 14, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Hsuan-Ying Chen Source Type: research

Incidence, prevalence and disability associated with neurological disorders in Italy between 1990 and 2019: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
ConclusionsThe increase in YLDs associated with neurological conditions is mostly due to population ageing and growth: nevertheless, lived disability and, as a consequence, impact on health systems has increased. Actions are needed to improve outcome and mitigate disability associated with neurological conditions, spanning among diagnosis, treatment, care pathways and workplace interventions.
Source: Journal of Neurology - September 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Effect of Data Length on the Assessment of Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation with Transfer Function Analysis in Neurological ICU Patients
ConclusionsConsidering the acceptable rates for the data and the variation in the TFA variables (phase shift and gain), we recommend recording data for a minimum length of 7  min for TFA in patients in the neuro-ICU.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of the First 6 Months of Pandemic Reporting
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic exerts a substantial neurologic burden which may have residual effects on patients and healthcare systems for years. Low quality evidence impedes the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of this burden. Robust studies with standardised screening and case definitions are required to improve understanding of this disease and optimise treatment of individuals at higher risk for neurologic sequelae.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Altered mental status in COVID-19
ConclusionIn patients with COVID-19, AMS on presentation to the ED is most frequently caused by metabolic encephalopathy (delirium). Seizures and cerebrovascular events contribute to a lesser degree; encephalitis appears rare.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological complications in pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review of the literature
ConclusionsOur research highlights the large range of neurological manifestations and their presumed pathogenic pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Nervous system involvement could be isolated, developing during COVID-19 or after its recovery, or arise in the context of a MIS-C. The most reported neurological manifestations are cerebrovascular accidents, reversible splenial lesions, GBS, benign intracranial hypertension, meningoencephalitis; ADEM is also a possible complication, as we observed in our patient. Further studies are required to investigate all the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - June 2, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

COVID-19 encephalitis with SARS-CoV-2 detected in cerebrospinal fluid presenting as a stroke mimic
We report the case of a 35-year-old male with COVID-19 encephalitis presenting as a stroke mimic with sudden-onset expressive and receptive dysphasia, mild confusion and right arm incoordination. The patient received thrombolysis for a suspected ischaemic stroke, but later became febrile and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Electroencephalography demonstrated excess in slow waves, but neuroimaging was reported as normal. Respiratory symptoms were absent throughout and nasopharyngeal swab was negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Diarmuid Glavin, Denise Kelly, Greta Karen Wood, Beth MS McCausland, Mark Alexander Ellul, Aravinthan Varatharaj, Ian Galea, Rhys Huw Thomas, Benedict Daniel Michael, Brian Gallen, CoroNerve Study Management Group Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Brain-related complications of COVID-19 and the role of FDG-PET in detecting vascular and non-vascular defects throughout the body
Conclusions FDG-PET can characterize the extent of systemic disease in COVID-19 patients and provide value in the early identification of complications that may make patients more susceptible to the harmful respiratory and systemic side effects of COVID-19. Severe neurological ramifications of COVID-19 have been noted such as the increased prevalence of acute cerebrovascular incidents. In these contexts, emerging literature has proven that the use of FDG-PET can be useful in monitoring the neurological manifestations the COVID-19 virus.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 18, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Rigney, G., Ayubcha, C., Werner, T., Revheim, M.-E., Alavi, A. Tags: Neurosciences Source Type: research

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of COVID-19 Explained by SARS-CoV-2 Proteins ’ Mimicry of Human Protein Interactions
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2-human protein interactions may lead to the development of delirium, psychosis, seizures, encephalitis, stroke, sensory impairments, peripheral nerve diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Our findings are also supported by the previous in vivo and in vitro studies from other viruses. Further in vivo and in vitro studies using the proteins that are pointed here, could pave new targets both for avoiding and reversing neuropsychiatric presentations.
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - March 23, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Surveillance Study of Acute Neurological Manifestations among 439 Egyptian Patients with COVID-19 in Assiut and Aswan University Hospitals
Conclusion: In COVID-19, both the CNS and PNS are affected. Stroke was the most common complication for CNS, and anosmia and/or ageusia were common for PNS diseases. However, there were 6 cases of encephalitis, 2 cases of spinal cord myelopathy, 2 cases of MG, and 2 cases of myositis.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - February 25, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception —A Systematic Review
This study provides a comprehensive review of the pathobiology of COVID-19 and ischemic stroke. It also affirms that the immunological contribution to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is predictive of the neurological sequelae particularly ischemic stroke, which makes it the expectation rather than the exception. This work is of fundamental significance to the neurorehabilitation community given the increasing number of COVID-related ischemic strokes, the current limited knowledge regarding the risk of reinfection, and recent reports of a PCNS. It further highlights the need for global collaboration and research into new pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research