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COVID-19 may also invade the central nervous system, cause neurological illnesses
(Cleveland Clinic) COVID-19 is known primarily as a respiratory disease, with symptoms that include cough, shortness of breath, and, in severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia. Now, Cleveland Clinic researchers note in a recent review that infection with the coronavirus may also affect the central nervous system and cause corresponding neurological disorders, including ischemic stroke, encephalitis, encephalopathy and epileptic seizures.According to the review published in Cells, the symptoms of COVID-19-related neurological manifestations include dizziness, headache, a loss of consciousness and ataxia.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - December 10, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Cut-off Values of the Respiratory Muscle Power and Peak Cough Flow in Post-Stroke Dysphagia.
Conclusions: Our study has provided cut-off values that are associated with increased risk of dysphagia. Among the three parameters, PCF showed increased association with post-stroke dysphagia. PMID: 33255271 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - November 24, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Han YJ, Lee J, Sohn DG, Park GY, Kim Y, Park HY, Jung SA, Im S Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research

Can Pulmonary Function Testing Predict the Functional Outcomes of Poststroke Patients?: An Observational Study
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between postural control and respiratory muscle strength using pulmonary function testing. We sought to identify the respiratory function parameters that predict the functional outcomes patients with stroke at discharge. Design We prospectively recruited 52 patients with first-ever stroke within 6 mos of onset. Peak cough flow, maximal inspired pressure, maximal expired pressure, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec were measured at baseline and after 4 wks of rehabilitation. The primary outcomes were trunk balance measured using the Trunk Impairm...
Source: American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - November 22, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: Original Research Articles Source Type: research

New XARELTO ® (rivaroxaban) Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Data from EXPLORER Clinical Research Program to be Unveiled at American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Sessions 2020
RARITAN, N.J., November 9, 2020 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that 10 data presentations will be shared at the virtual American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Sessions 2020 from November 13-17. Most notably, four new sub-analyses of XARELTO® (rivaroxaban) from the landmark VOYAGER PAD trial, part of the EXPLORER global cardiovascular research program, will be presented, including two live, featured science oral presentations. “We're pleased VOYAGER PAD was selected to be front and center once again at a major medical congress, as there's an urgent need for data in ...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - November 9, 2020 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

COVID-19 associated with sensorimotor polyradiculoneuropathy and skin lesions: A case report
We reported a patient with COVID-19 (confirmed with Lung HRCT scan and positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR) who developed acute progressive flaccid tetraparesis and maculopapular pigmented plaques on the limbs, 2  weeks after respiratory symptoms.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - November 6, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Reza Boostani, Fariborz Reazai Talab, Naser Tayyebi Meibodi, Fariba Zemorshidi Source Type: research

UCLA researchers study genetics ’ role in COVID-19 susceptibility, severity
“One of the most troubling things about COVID-19 is that we have a limited ability to predict how sick a specific individual will get,” said Dr. Daniel Geschwind.Geschwind is the MacDonald Distinguished Professor in Human Genetics at theDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and a member of theEli and Edythe Broad Center of  Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA. And he ’s part of a team of UCLA scientists conducting research to learn why certain people get sick from the virus that causes COVID-19 — and why others don’t.Millions of people around the world have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, the v...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 26, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Janssen Submits Application to U.S. FDA for New Indication to Expand Use of XARELTO ® (rivaroxaban) in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease
RARITAN, NJ, October 26, 2020 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced today it has submitted a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for a new indication to expand the use of XARELTO® (rivaroxaban) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). If approved, this new indication for the XARELTO® vascular dose (2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin 75-100 mg once daily) would include reducing the risk of major thrombotic vascular events such as heart attack, stroke and amputation in patients after recent lower-extremity revascularization, a c...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - October 26, 2020 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Neurologic Symptoms Are Very Common Among U.S. Coronavirus Patients, Study Says
As the COVID-19 pandemic stretches on, so too does the disease’s list of known symptoms. At first, cough, fever and shortness of breath were thought to be its primary symptoms. Nine months in, that list now includes organ damage, skin conditions, gastrointestinal problems and issues of the brain and nervous system. A paper published Oct. 5 in the Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology is thought to be the first to examine the prevalence of neurologic symptoms in U.S. COVID-19 patients. Out of 509 people admitted to Chicago hospitals for coronavirus care this spring, 82% had a neurologic symptom at some point,...
Source: TIME: Health - October 5, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Comprehensive Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Acute Stroke Patients.
CONCLUSION: Four weeks of comprehensive RMT in patients with acute stroke resulted in significantly greater improvements in both pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength than SR. Therefore, RMT has the potential to reduce post-stroke respiratory complications. PMID: 33027217 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention - October 5, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Choi HE, Jo GY, Do HK, On CW Tags: J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev Source Type: research

Excess mortality due to COVID-19 in Germany
SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted by droplets and likely aerosols. The median incubation period is about 5-6 days (range 1-14 days)1 and the median age at confirmed infection in Germany is 49 years. Typical symptoms include fever, cough, anosmia, ageusia, and pneumonia. The mortality rate of COVID-19 is higher among elderly and among ethnicities other than Caucasians. Furthermore, a markedly higher mortality rate has been observed for several comorbidities including obesity class II (BMI 35 •0-39•9 kg/m2) and III (BMI 40•0+ kg/m2), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, malignancies in the previous year, severely reduced glomerular...
Source: Journal of Infection - September 17, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Andreas Stang, Fabian Standl, Bernd Kowall, Bastian Brune, Juliane B öttcher, Marcus Brinkmann, Ulf Dittmer, Karl-Heinz Jöckel Source Type: research

Cough reflex testing in acute stroke: A survey of current UK service provision and speech and language therapist perceptions.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: This survey gives valuable insight into the current practice and perceptions of SLTs in the UK working in acute stroke settings in relation to CRT. It highlights discrepancies between reported approaches and recommendations from existing guidelines and validation studies. The variation in responses indicates a need to develop a consensus statement and further research to guide practice. What this study adds What is already known on the subject CRT is gaining popularity as a screening tool for the clinical identification of SA with acute stroke patients. However, there is a lack of consensus ...
Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders - September 6, 2020 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Authors: Trimble J, Patterson J Tags: Int J Lang Commun Disord Source Type: research

Beyond Fever, Cough and Dyspnea: The Neurology of COVID-19.
Authors: Garg D, Srivastava AK, Dhamija RK Abstract The pandemic due to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2) has rapidly engulfed the entire world, and continues to evolve at an aggressive pace. Although the characteristic concern in patients with COVID-19 is acute respiratory distress, there is meteoric accrual of data on neurological involvement. Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 have staggering diversity, ranging from mild olfactory and gustatory perception abnormalities to necrotising encephalopathy and stroke. Understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurological...
Source: Journal of the Association of Physicians of India - August 17, 2020 Category: General Medicine Tags: J Assoc Physicians India Source Type: research

CT Scanning in Suspected Stroke or Head Trauma: Is it Worth Going the Extra Mile and Including the Chest to Screen for COVID-19 Infection? ADULT BRAIN
CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of additional chest CT is fairly high. However, a negative result does not exclude COVID-19. The positive predictive value is poor. Correlation of chest CT results with epidemiologic history and clinical presentation, along with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, is needed for confirmation.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - July 12, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Kwee, R. M., Krdzalic, J., Fasen, B. A. C. M., de Jaegere, T. M. H., for the COVID-19 CT Investigators South-East Netherlands (CISEN) Study Group Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Surprise Diagnosis of COVID-19 following Neuroimaging Evaluation for Unrelated Reasons during the Pandemic in Hot Spots ADULT BRAIN
We report such a scenario in 17 patients who were admitted and investigated with CT spine imaging and CT angiography for nonpulmonary reasons (trauma = 13, stroke = 4). Their initial work-up did not suggest COVID-19 as a diagnosis but showed unsuspected/incidental lung findings, which led to further investigations and a diagnosis of COVID-19.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - July 12, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Jain, R., Young, M., Dogra, S., Kennedy, H., Nguyen, V., Raz, E. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Effect of Chin ‐down‐plus‐larynx‐tightening maneuver on swallowing function after minimally invasive esophagectomy: A randomized controlled trail
ConclusionThe findings suggest that the Chin ‐down‐plus‐larynx‐tightening maneuver can improve swallowing function recovery and oral total food intake and calories in EC patients undergoing MIE.
Source: Cancer Medicine - July 5, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Funa Yang, Limin Zou, Lijuan Li, Qiyun Zou, Peinan Chen, Haibo Sun, Xianben Liu, Xiaoxia Xu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research