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Loading Intracranial Drug-Eluting Reservoirs Across the Blood –Brain Barrier With Focused Ultrasound
Efficient, sustained and long-term delivery of therapeutics to the brain remains an important challenge to treatment of diseases such as brain cancer, stroke and neurodegenerative disease. Focused ultrasound can assist movement of drugs into the brain, but frequent and long-term use has remained impractical. Single-use intracranial drug-eluting depots show promise but are limited for the treatment of chronic diseases as they cannot be refilled non-invasively. Refillable drug-eluting depots could serve as a long-term solution, but refilling is hindered by the blood –brain barrier (BBB), which prevents drug refills from accessing the brain.
Source: Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology - April 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Christopher T. Moody, Phillip G. Durham, Paul A. Dayton, Yevgeny Brudno Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

Exploratory study to assess feasibility of intracerebral hemorrhage detection by point of care cranial ultrasound
ConclusionsOur exploratory analysis yielded preliminary data on use of point of care cranial ultrasound for ICH diagnosis to inform imaging techniques, cranial topography on B mode and sample size estimation for future studies to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of cranial POCUS in adult patients. This pilot study is limited by small sample size and over representation of ICH in the study. Cranial POCUS is feasible using POCUS machines and may have potential as a screening tool if validated in adequately powered studies.
Source: Critical Ultrasound Journal - October 17, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Tamperless Tensor Elastography Imaging
Measuring and mapping nervous tissue microstructure noninvasively is a long sought-after goal in neuroscience. Several neuropathologies – such as cancer and stroke – are associated with changes in tissue microstructure. Changes in material properties, such as stiffness, represent a sensitive measure of underlying changes in tissue architecture, organization, and microstructure. Elastography techniques used to map material stiffness typically involves measuring displacement resulting from shear waves of known frequency imposed on the material by an external actuator or tamper. Material stiffness is estimated from measu...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - May 10, 2022 Category: Research Authors: ott8admin Source Type: research

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation reduces vasogenic edema after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice
In this study of mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 minutes, low-intensity low-frequency (0.5 MHz) transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was applied 2, 4, and 8 hours after occlusion. Ultrasound stimulation reduced edema volume, improved neurobehavioral outcomes, improved BBB integrity (enhanced tight junction protein ZO-1 expression and reduced IgG leakage), and reduced secretion of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the ischemic brain. Our results show that low-intensity ultrasound stimulation attenuated BBB disruption and edema f...
Source: Cell Research - February 10, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Li-Dong Deng Lin Qi Qian Suo Sheng-Ju Wu Muyassar Mamtilahun Ru-Bing Shi Ze Liu Jun-Feng Sun Yao-Hui Tang Zhi-Jun Zhang Guo-Yuan Yang Ji-Xian Wang Source Type: research

Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 May 1;294:102407. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102407. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfter the protocol-related indecisive clinical trial of Oxygent, a perfluorooctylbromide/phospholipid nanoemulsion, in cardiac surgery, that often unduly assigned the observed untoward effects to the product, the development of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based O2 nanoemulsions ("blood substitutes") has come to a low. Yet, significant further demonstrations of PFC O2-delivery efficacy have continuously been reported, such as relief of hypoxia after myocardial infarction or stroke; protection of vital organs during surg...
Source: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science - June 13, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Marie Pierre Krafft Jean G Riess Source Type: research

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the pediatric brain
AbstractBrain contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an emerging application that can complement gray-scale US and yield additional insights into cerebral flow dynamics. CEUS uses intravenous injection of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) to highlight tissue perfusion and thus more clearly delineate cerebral pathologies including stroke, hypoxic –ischemic injury and focal lesions such as tumors and vascular malformations. It can be applied not only in infants with open fontanelles but also in older children and adults via a transtemporal window or surgically created acoustic window. Advancements in CEUS technology and po...
Source: Pediatric Radiology - February 18, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Focused ultrasound opening brain to previously impossible treatments
(University of Virginia Health System) Focused ultrasound, the researchers hope, could revolutionize treatment for conditions from Alzheimer's to epilepsy to brain tumors -- and even help repair the devastating damage caused by stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - May 6, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

12 Innovations That Will Change Health Care and Medicine in the 2020s
Pocket-size ultrasound devices that cost 50 times less than the machines in hospitals (and connect to your phone). Virtual reality that speeds healing in rehab. Artificial intelligence that’s better than medical experts at spotting lung tumors. These are just some of the innovations now transforming medicine at a remarkable pace. No one can predict the future, but it can at least be glimpsed in the dozen inventions and concepts below. Like the people behind them, they stand at the vanguard of health care. Neither exhaustive nor exclusive, the list is, rather, representative of the recasting of public health and medic...
Source: TIME: Health - October 25, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: TIME Staff Tags: Uncategorized HealthSummit19 technology Source Type: news

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Exploiting BBB disruption for the delivery of nanocarriers to the diseased CNS.
Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) segregates the central nervous system from the systemic circulation. As such, the BBB not only prevents toxins and pathogens from entering the brain, but also limits the brain uptake of therapeutic molecules. However, under certain pathological conditions, the BBB is disrupted, allowing direct interaction between blood components and the diseased site. Moreover, techniques such as focused ultrasound can further disrupt the BBB in diseased regions. This review focuses on strategies that leverage such BBB disruption for delivering nanocarriers to the central nervous system (CNS...
Source: Current Opinion in Biotechnology - March 4, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Umlauf BJ, Shusta EV Tags: Curr Opin Biotechnol Source Type: research

Poor Sleep Linked To Dangerous Plaque Buildup In Arteries
By Sandee LaMotte, CNN (CNN) — Here’s another reason why getting a good night’s sleep should be on your must-do list: Sleeping fewer than six hours a night or waking frequently raises your risk of developing damaging plaque in arteries throughout your body, not just your heart. Previous research has shown poor sleep to be strongly associated with coronary heart disease, but “This is the first study to show that objectively measured sleep is independently associated with atherosclerosis throughout the body,” José Ordovás, director of nutrition and genomics at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutriti...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 14, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Boston News Health CNN Heart Disease Sleep Tufts University Source Type: news

Ultrasound imaging gauges muscle tightness after stroke
Ultrasound strain imaging can be an effective tool for assessing poststroke...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: MRI links lifestyle factors to stroke, dementia risk 5 risk factors help predict brain hemorrhage on CT AI algorithm can triage head CT exams for urgent review Ultrasound elastography helps identify invasive breast cancer AIUM: Can deep learning classify liver fibrosis on US?
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - August 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Brain Midline Shift Measurement and Its Automation: A Review of Techniques and Algorithms.
Authors: Liao CC, Chen YF, Xiao F Abstract Midline shift (MLS) of the brain is an important feature that can be measured using various imaging modalities including X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Shift of midline intracranial structures helps diagnosing intracranial lesions, especially traumatic brain injury, stroke, brain tumor, and abscess. Being a sign of increased intracranial pressure, MLS is also an indicator of reduced brain perfusion caused by an intracranial mass or mass effect. We review studies that used the MLS to predict outcomes of patients with intracranial mas...
Source: International Journal of Biomedical Imaging - June 2, 2018 Category: Radiology Tags: Int J Biomed Imaging Source Type: research

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