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Specialty: Pathology

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Total 681 results found since Jan 2013.

Constitutive activation of distinct NF‐κB signals in EBV‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Abstract As a distinct type of head and neck cancer, nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with EBV infection and massive lymphoid infiltration. The unique histological features suggest that local inflammation plays an important role in NPC tumourigenesis. We comprehensively characterized NF‐κB signalling, a key inflammatory pathway which might contribute to the tumourigenesis of this EBV‐associated cancer. By EMSA, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, constitutive activation of distinct NF‐κB complexes, either p50/p50/Bcl3 or p50/RelB, was found in almost all EBV‐posi...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - July 22, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Grace Tin‐Yun Chung, Wilson Pak‐Kin Lou, Chit Chow, Ka‐Fai To, Kwong‐Wai Choy, Alice Wan‐Chi Leung, Carol Yuen‐Kwan Tong, Jessie Wai‐Fong Yuen, Chun‐Wai Ko, Timothy Tak‐Chun Yip, Pierre Busson, Kwok‐Wai Lo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Identification of a recurrent transforming UBR5‐ZNF423 fusion gene in EBV‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct type of head and neck cancer which is prevalent in Southern China, Southeast Asia and North Africa. The development and stepwise progression of NPC involves accumulation of multiple gross genetic changes during the clonal expansion of EBV‐infected nasopharyngeal epithelial cell population. Here, using paired‐end whole‐transcriptome sequencing, we discovered a number of chimeric fusion transcripts in a panel of EBV‐positive tumor lines. Among these transcripts, a novel fusion of UBR5 (ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n‐recognin 5) on 8q22.3 and ZNF423 (zin...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - July 22, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Grace Tin‐Yun Chung, Raymond Wai‐Ming Lung, Angela Bik‐Yu Hui, Kevin Yuk‐Lap Yip, John Kong‐Sang Woo, Chit Chow, Carol Yuen‐Kwan Tong, Sau‐Dan Lee, Jessie Wai‐Fong Yuen, Samantha Wei‐Man Lun, Ken Kai‐Yuen Tso, Nathalie Wong, Sai‐Wah Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Identification of a recurrent transforming UBR5–ZNF423 fusion gene in EBV‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct type of head and neck cancer which is prevalent in southern China, south‐east Asia and northern Africa. The development and stepwise progression of NPC involves accumulation of multiple gross genetic changes during the clonal expansion of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐infected nasopharyngeal epithelial cell population. Here, using paired‐end whole‐transcriptome sequencing, we discovered a number of chimeric fusion transcripts in a panel of EBV‐positive tumour lines. Among these transcripts, a novel fusion of ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n‐recognin 5 (U...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - September 10, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Grace TY Chung, Raymond WM Lung, Angela BY Hui, Kevin YL Yip, John KS Woo, Chit Chow, Carol YK Tong, Sau‐Dan Lee, Jessie WF Yuen, Samantha WM Lun, Ken KY Tso, Nathalie Wong, Sai‐Wah Tsao, Timothy TC Yip, Pierre Busson, Hyungtae Kim, Jeong‐Sun Seo, B Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1 Are Common Drivers of the 8p11-12 Amplicon, Not Only in Breast Tumors But also in Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas and Lung Tumors.
Abstract Amplification of the 8p11-12 chromosomal region is a common genetic event in many epithelial cancers. In breast cancer, several genes within this region have been shown to display oncogenic activity. Among these genes, the enzyme-encoding genes, PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1, have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. We investigated whether PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1 acted as general driver genes, thereby serving as therapeutic targets in other tumors with 8p11-12 amplification. By using publicly available genomic data from a panel of 883 cell lines derived from different cancers, we identified the cell lin...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - September 16, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mahmood SF, Gruel N, Nicolle R, Chapeaublanc E, Delattre O, Radvanyi F, Bernard-Pierrot I Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Inhibition of autophagy augments chemotherapy in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
In conclusion, autophagy activation was caused to protect cancer cells from DDP‐induced apoptosis and autophagy inhibition could be a promising strategy for adjuvant chemotherapy in SACC.
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - September 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Licheng Jiang, Shengyun Huang, Dongsheng Zhang, Bin Zhang, Keyi Li, Wengang Li, Shizhou Zhang, Weidong Zhang, Peihui Zheng Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

ERK5 Inhibition Ameliorates Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulating Smad3 Acetylation.
This study may lead to a novel therapeutic strategy for treating lung fibrosis. PMID: 24095924 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - October 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Kim S, Lim JH, Woo CH Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Preeclamptic Plasma Induces Transcription Modifications Involving the AP-1 Transcriptional Regulator JDP2 in Endothelial Cells.
Abstract Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. In preeclampsia, the placenta releases factors into the maternal circulation that cause a systemic endothelial dysfunction. Herein, we investigated the effects of plasma from women with preeclamptic and normal pregnancies on the transcriptome of an immortalized human umbilical vein endothelial cell line. The cells were exposed for 24 hours to preeclamptic or normal pregnancy plasma and their transcriptome was analyzed using Agilent microarrays. A total of 116 genes were found differentially expressed: 71 were up-regulated ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - October 9, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Calicchio R, Buffat C, Mathieu JR, Ben Salem N, Mehats C, Jacques S, Hertig A, Berkane N, Grevoul-Fresquet J, Simeoni U, Peyssonnaux C, Gavard J, Vaiman D, Miralles F Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

HCV Infection Selectively Impairs Type I but Not Type III IFN Signaling.
Abstract A stable and persistent Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication cell culture model was developed to examine clearance of viral replication during long-term treatment using interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-λ, and ribavirin (RBV). Persistently HCV-infected cell culture exhibited an impaired antiviral response to IFN-α+RBV combination treatment, whereas IFN-λ treatment produced a strong and sustained antiviral response that cleared HCV replication. HCV replication in persistently infected cells induced chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and an autophagy response that selectively down-regulated the functiona...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - November 8, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Chandra PK, Bao L, Song K, Aboulnasr FM, Baker DP, Shores N, Wimley WC, Liu S, Hagedorn CH, Fuchs SY, Wu T, Balart LA, Dash S Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Critical Role of the mTOR Pathway in Development and Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in lal(-/-) Mice.
Abstract Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is essential for the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides to generate cholesterol and free fatty acids in cellular lysosomes. Ablation of the lal gene (lal(-/-)) systemically increased expansion of CD11b(+)Ly6G(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that caused myeloproliferative neoplasms in mice. Study of lal(-/-) bone marrow Ly6G(+) MDSCs via transcriptional profiling showed increases in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway transcripts. Injection of mTOR pharmacologic inhibitors into lal(-/-) mice significantly reduced bone marrow myelopo...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - November 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ding X, Du H, Yoder MC, Yan C Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Development of a model system to analyze chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
Abstract High-density cell culture is widely used for the analysis of cartilage development of human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) in vitro. Several cell culture systems, as micromass, pellet culture and alginate culture, are applied by groups in the field to induce chondrogenic differentiation of HMSCs. A draw back of all model systems is the high amount of cells necessary for the experiments. Further, handling of large experimental approaches is difficult due to culturing e.g. in 15 ml tubes. Therefore, we aimed to develop a new model system based on "hanging drop" cultures using 10 to 100 fold less cells. Here...
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - December 5, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ruedel A, Hofmeister S, Bosserhoff AK Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: research

MiR-195 inhibits proliferation and growth and induces apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells by targeting FKN.
Abstract MiR-195, which exhibits a proliferation-inhibiting role in different tumors, has been reported to be down-regulated in the ectopic endometrium. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of miR-195 on the biological characteristic of the endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). MiR-195 has been presumed to target the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of Fractalkine (FKN), which also plays important roles in endometriosis. Fluorescence reporter assays showed that miR-195 effectively binds to the 3'-UTR of FKN. The normal ESCs showed a significant higher miR-195 expression than that of eutopic and ectopic ES...
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - December 5, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Wang Y, Chen H, Fu Y, Ai A, Xue S, Lyu Q, Kuang Y Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: research

Circulating Fibrocytes Stabilize Blood Vessels during Angiogenesis in a Paracrine Manner.
In conclusion, our findings reveal that fibrocytes stabilize blood vessels via prosurvival factors and anti-angiogenic factors, including THBS1. PMID: 24300950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Pathol - November 30, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Li J, Tan H, Wang X, Li Y, Samuelson L, Li X, Cui C, Gerber DA Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Phosphorylation of AKT and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation.
Abstract It is hypothesized that differential AKT phosphorylation between sexes is important in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. Male C57BL/6 mice undergoing elastase treatment showed a typical AAA phenotype (80% over baseline, P < 0.001) and significantly increased phosphorylated AKT-308 (p308) and total-AKT (T-AKT) at day 14 compared with female mice. Elastase-treated Raw cells produced increased p308 and significant amounts of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and these effects were suppressed by LY294002 treatment, a known AKT inhibitor. Male and female rat aortic smooth muscle cells treated wit...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - December 19, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ghosh A, Lu G, Su G, McEvoy B, Sadiq O, Dimusto PD, Laser A, Futchko JS, Henke PK, Eliason JL, Upchurch GR Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Upregulated expression of CAP1 is associated with tumor migration and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
In this study, we examined a potential role of CAP1 in HCC progression, and found that CAP1 was overexpressed in HCC specimens compared with adjacent noncancerous liver tissues by Western blot analysis and real-time PCR assay. Further, immunohistochemical analysis in 107 HCC specimens revealed that overexpression of CAP1 was closely correlated only with tumor metastasis, but not with other clinicopathologic parameters. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses showed that CAP1 could be an independent prognostic factor for patients' survival. In addition, immunofluorescent assay demonstrated that CAP1 was colocalized wi...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - December 5, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Liu Y, Cui X, Hu B, Lu C, Huang X, Cai J, He S, Lv L, Cong X, Liu G, Zhang Y, Ni R Tags: Pathol Res Pract Source Type: research

Down-regulating ribonuclease inhibitor enhances metastasis of bladder cancer cells through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway.
Abstract Accumulating evidences implicate that ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) plays a suppressing role in cancer development. However, the mechanisms underlying antitumor of RI remain largely unknown. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as a key event in tumor progression. The reports have demonstrated that EMT was implicated in metastasis of bladder cancer. Therefore, we suppose that RI might involve regulating EMT of bladder cancer. Here bladder cancer T24 cells were transfected with pGensil-1-siRNA-RI vectors. HE staining, living cell observation, Phalloidin-FITC staining of microfilament, cell adh...
Source: Experimental and Molecular Pathology - April 24, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Xiong D, Liou Y, Shu J, Li D, Zhang L, Chen J Tags: Exp Mol Pathol Source Type: research