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Specialty: Orthopaedics

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Total 95 results found since Jan 2013.

Chondrocytes Promote Vascularization in Fracture Healing Through a FOXO1 ‐Dependent Mechanism
We examined the role of chondrocytes in angiogenesis during fracture healing and the role of the transcription factor forkhead box ‐O 1 (FOXO1), which upregulates wound healing in soft tissue. Closed fractures were induced in experimental mice with lineage‐specific FOXO1 deletion by Cre recombinase under the control of a collagen‐2α1 promoter element (Col2α1Cre+FOXO1L/L) and Cre recombinase negative control littermates containing flankingloxP sites (Col2 α1Cre–FOXO1L/L). Experimental mice had significantly reduced CD31+ new vessel formation. Deletion of FOXO1 in chondrocytes in vivo suppressed the expression of ...
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - November 20, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Citong Zhang, Daniel Feinberg, Mohammed Alharbi, Zhenjiang Ding, Chanyi Lu, J Patrick O'Connor, Dana T Graves Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Efficiency of dual siRNA mediated gene therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD)
One of the common causes of LBP is intervertebral disc degeneration. The pathophysiology of disc degeneration involves apoptosis of nucleus pulposes (NP) cells and degradation of extra cellular matrix (ECM). Caspase 3 plays a central role in apoptosis and the ADAMTS 5 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs) gene plays a critical role in ECM degradation. Hence, we hypothesized that if one can silence these two genes, both apoptosis and ECM degradation can be prevented, thereby preventing the progression and even reverse disc degeneration.
Source: The Spine Journal - November 12, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Banala Rajkiran Reddy, Vemuri Satish Kumar, Dar Ghulam Hassan, Palanisamy Vijayanand, P Murahari, MV Surekha, AV Gurava Reddy, Nalam Madhusudhana Rao, GPV Subbaiah Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Efficiency of dual siRNA-mediated gene therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD)
One of the common causes of low back pain is intervertebral disc degeneration. The pathophysiology of disc degeneration involves apoptosis of nucleus pulposes cells and degradation of extra cellular matrix (ECM). Caspase 3 plays a central role in apoptosis and the ADAMTS5 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs 5) gene plays a critical role in ECM degradation. Hence, we hypothesized that if one can silence these two genes, both apoptosis and ECM degradation can be prevented, thereby preventing the progression and even reverse disc degeneration.
Source: The Spine Journal - November 12, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Rajkiran Reddy Banala, Satish Kumar Vemuri, Ghulam Hassan Dar, Vijayanand Palanisamy, Murahari P, Surekha MV, Gurava Reddy AV, Madhusudhana Rao Nalam, Subbaiah GPV Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

PEG10 counteracts signaling pathways of TGF- β and BMP to regulate growth, motility and invasion of SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells
AbstractRecently, we reported highly active transforming growth factor (TGF)- β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in human chondrosarcoma samples and concurrent downregulation of paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10). PEG10 expression was suppressed by TGF- β signaling, and PEG10 interfered with the TGF-β and BMP-SMAD pathways in chondrosarcoma cells. However, the roles of PEG10 in bone tumors, including chondrosarcoma, remain unknown. Here, we report that PEG10 promotes SW1353 chondrosarcoma cell growth by preventing TGF-β1-mediated suppression. In contrast, PEG10 knockdown augments the TGF-β1-induced mot...
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism - August 9, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

RNA interference therapy for autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type 2. Towards the preclinical development
Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis type 2 (ADO2) is a rare bone disease characterized by dense and brittle bones due to impairment of osteoclast bone resorption. Dominant negative mutations of the CLCN7 gene affect about 70% of ADO2 patients. ADO2 has no cure and our recent work established that it is suitable for gene silencing by a specific small interfering RNA that does not affect the normal mRNA, thus inducing a condition of pseudo-haplosufficiency and rescuing the bone phenotype. We performed a systematic study to test the likelihood that the therapy could progress towards clinical trials, treating Clcn7G213R/WT ADO2 m...
Source: Bone - February 28, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Antonio Maurizi, Mattia Capulli, Rajvi Patel, Annabel Curle, Nadia Rucci, Anna Teti Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

CYR61/CCN1 Regulates Sclerostin Levels and Bone Maintenance
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - January 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Gexin Zhao, Bau ‐Lin Huang, Diana Rigueur, Weiguang Wang, Chimay Bhoot, Kemberly R Charles, Jongseung Baek, Subburaman Mohan, Jie Jiang, Karen M. Lyons Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Hydrogen peroxide induces programmed necrosis in rat nucleus pulposus cells through the RIP1/RIP3 ‐PARP‐AIF pathway
In conclusion, these results suggested that under oxidative stress, RIP1/RIP3‐mediated programmed necrosis, executed through the PARP‐AIF pathway, played an important role in NP cell death. Protective strategies aiming to regulate programmed necrosis may exert a beneficial effect for NP cells survival, and ultimately retard intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Research - December 29, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Lei Zhao, Hui Lin, Songfeng Chen, Sheng Chen, Min Cui, Deyao Shi, Baichuan Wang, Kaige Ma, Zengwu Shao Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Zinc-finger transcription factor Odd - skipped related 1 regulates cranial bone formation
AbstractKnowledge of the molecular mechanisms of bone formation has been advanced by novel findings related to genetic control.Odd-skipped related 1 (Osr1) is known to play important roles in embryonic, heart, and urogenital development. To elucidate the in vivo function ofOsr1 in bone formation, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing full-lengthOsr1 under control of its 2.8-kb promoter, which were smaller than their wild-type littermates. Notably, abnormalities in the skull ofOsr1 transgenic mice were revealed by analysis of X-ray, skeletal preparation, and morphological findings, including round skull and cranial dy...
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism - December 12, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Role of Cx43-Mediated NFкB Signaling Pathway in Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study
Conclusion. Cx43-mediated NFкB (p65) signal played an important role in mechanical stress-induced OPLL by transduction of mechanical signal, while giving rise to the activation of inflammatory response in ligament fibroblasts Level of Evidence: N/A
Source: Spine - November 28, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Small Interfering RNA-Mediated Suppression of Fas Modulate Apoptosis and Proliferation in Rat Intervertebral Disc Cells.
Conclusions: The observed dual positive effect of Fas siRNA might be a powerful therapeutic approach for disc degeneration by suppression of harmful gene expression. PMID: 29093776 [PubMed]
Source: Asian Spine Journal - November 3, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Asian Spine J Source Type: research

Role of Sirt1 Plays in Nucleus Pulposus Cells and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Conclusion. Sirt1 is a protective mediator in IVD degeneration and the expression of Sirt1 decreases in degenerative disc. Activation of Sirt1 works on suppressing cellular senescence, promoting cell proliferation, and restraining the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells. Level of Evidence: N/A
Source: Spine - June 27, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

MiR-25 protects PC-12 cells from H2O2 mediated oxidative damage via WNT/ β-catenin pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: miR-25 protects PC-12 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage though regulation of Nrf2 and activation of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3 K/AKT/ERK signaling. PMID: 28605990 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine - June 15, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: J Spinal Cord Med Source Type: research

Role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in glucocorticoid-induced muscle change in mice
In conclusion, our data suggest that paracrine PAI-1 is involved in GC-induced muscle wasting through the enhancement of muscle degradation in mice.
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism - March 19, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Effects of SOST Gene Silencing on Proliferation, Apoptosis, Invasion, and Migration of Human Osteosarcoma Cells Through the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
AbstractOur study explored the effects ofSOST gene silencing on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of human osteosarcoma cells through Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway. Fresh tissues were obtained from 108 patients with osteosarcoma and 46 patients with osteochondroma. Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63, U2-OS, HOS, and Saos-2) and normal osteoblast (hFoB1.19) were selected and cultured. Osteosarcoma cells were grouped randomly into the b lank group, the scrambled control group, and theSOST-siRNA group. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were tested by flow cytometry. ...
Source: Calcified Tissue International - February 27, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Hypoxia-Induced Fibroblast Growth Factor 11 Stimulates Osteoclast-Mediated Resorption of Bone
This study suggests FGF11 as a novel factor driving pathological bone resorption in osteolytic disease and as a potential target for the development of new anti-resorptive therapeutic agents.
Source: Calcified Tissue International - January 17, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research