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Condition: Mitochondrial Disease

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Total 454 results found since Jan 2013.

Succinate-induced neuronal mitochondrial fission and hexokinase II malfunction in ischemic stroke: Therapeutical effects of kaempferol
This study indicates that succinate accumulation plays a pivotal role in I/R injury-induced neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction, and suggests that modulation of Drp1 phosphorylation might be potential therapeutic strategy to protect neuron mitochondrial integrity and treat ischemic stroke.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - June 19, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

BRAF inhibitors amplify the pro-apoptotic activity of MEK inhibitors by inducing ER stress in NRAS-mutant melanoma.
Conclusions: <p>The data presented herein encourage further advanced in vivo and clinical studies to evaluate MEKi in combination with ER stress inducing BRAFi as a strategy to treat rapidly progressing NRAS-mutant melanoma. PMID: 28724666 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - July 19, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Niessner H, Sinnberg T, Kosnopfel C, Smalley KSM, Beck D, Praetorius C, Mai M, Beissert S, Kulms D, Schaller M, Garbe C, Flaherty KT, Westphal D, Wanke I, Meier F Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

MiR-485-5p modulates mitochondrial fission through targeting mitochondrial anchored protein ligase in cardiac hypertrophy
In this study, we found that hypertrophic agonist phenylephrine (PE) enhanced the expression of MAPL and promoting mitochondrial fission, while it decreased the expression of mitochondrial fusion protein (Mfn2) in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Silencing expression of MAPL by siRNA attenuated PE-induced depletion of Mfn2 and increase of mitochondrial fission as well as hypertrophic response in cultured primary cardiomyocytes. MiR-485-5p is screened as a candidate inhibitor of MAPL. Overexpression of miR-485-5p blocked mitochondrial fission and hypertrophy induced by PE through inhibiting MAPL expression and increasing the le...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - August 4, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Overexpression of HO-1 assisted PM2.5-induced apoptosis failure and autophagy-related cell necrosis.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that acute exposure to high PM2.5 concentrations causes autophagy-related cell necrosis. The decrease in cytochrome C release and apoptosis by upregulation of HO-1 maybe assist PM2.5-induced autophagy-related cell necrosis. Further, this study reveals dual roles for HO-1 in PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity and presents a possible explanation for the onset of acute respiratory symptoms under extreme particulate air pollution. PMID: 28802142 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - August 9, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Zhou W, Yuan X, Zhang L, Su B, Tian D, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Peng S Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: research

miR-107-mediated decrease of HMGCS2 indicates poor outcomes and promotes cell migration in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Abstract Mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) has been implicated in human cancers, but its role and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. Here, we show that HMGCS2 is downregulated and exhibits antimetastatic potential in HCC. Low expression of HMGCS2 was associated with poor tumor differentiation, vascular invasion and worse overall and disease-free survivals in two independent cohorts consisting of 743 cases. In vitro data demonstrated HMGCS2 overexpression suppressed, whereas HMGCS2 silence promoted HCC cell migration via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transi...
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - August 31, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Su SG, Yang M, Zhang MF, Peng QZ, Li MY, Liu LP, Bao SY Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Overexpression of Mitochondrial GTPase MFN2 Represents a Negative Prognostic Marker in Human Gastric Cancer and Its Inhibition Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects
Conclusions: Overexpression of MFN2 can be used as a marker to predict the outcome of patients with GC. Furthermore, targeting MFN2 might provide a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of GC.
Source: Journal of Cancer - September 12, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chia-Lang Fang, Ding-Ping Sun, Han-Kun Chen, Chih-Chan Lin, Shih-Ting Hung, Yih-Huei Uen, Kai-Yuan Lin Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

The 2-oxoglutarate carrier promotes liver cancer by sustaining mitochondrial GSH despite cholesterol loading
Publication date: April 2018 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 14 Author(s): Anna Baulies, Joan Montero, Nuria Matías, Naroa Insausti, Oihana Terrones, Gorka Basañez, Carmen Vallejo, Laura Conde de La Rosa, Laura Martinez, David Robles, Albert Morales, Joaquin Abian, Montserrat Carrascal, Keigo Machida, Dinesh B.U. Kumar, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Neil Kaplowitz, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, José C. Fernández-Checa Cancer cells exhibit mitochondrial cholesterol (mt-cholesterol) accumulation, which contributes to cell death resistance by antagonizing mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) permeabilization. Hepatocellular mt-cholesterol loadin...
Source: Redox Biology - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Metabolic and Proliferative State of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Hypertension is Regulated through a MiR-124/PTBP1/PKM Axis.
Conclusions -In PH, miR-124, through the alternative splicing factor PTBP1, regulates the PKM2/PKM1 ratio, the overall metabolic, proliferative and inflammatory state of cells. This PH phenotype can be rescued with interventions at various levels of the metabolic cascade. These findings suggest a more integrated view of vascular cell metabolism, which may open unique therapeutic prospects in targeting the dynamic glycolytic and mitochondrial interactions and between mesenchymal inflammatory cells in PH. PMID: 28972001 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - September 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhang H, Wang D, Li M, Plecitá-Hlavatá L, D'Alessandro A, Tauber J, Riddle S, Kumar S, Flockton AR, McKeon BA, Frid MG, Reisz JA, Caruso P, El Kasmi KC, Ježek P, Morrell NW, Hu CJ, Stenmark KR Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in cancer cells Metabolism
Mitochondrial activity and metabolic reprogramming influence the phenotype of cancer cells and resistance to targeted therapy. We previously established that an insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-inducible mitochondrial UTP carrier (PNC1/SLC25A33) promotes cell growth. This prompted us to investigate whether IGF signaling is essential for mitochondrial maintenance in cancer cells and whether this contributes to therapy resistance. Here we show that IGF-1 stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in a range of cell lines. In MCF-7 and ZR75.1 breast cancer cells, IGF-1 induces peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coac...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 13, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Amy Lyons, Michael Coleman, Sarah Riis, Cedric Favre, Ciara H. O'Flanagan, Alexander V. Zhdanov, Dmitri B. Papkovsky, Stephen D. Hursting, Rosemary O'Connor Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Mediates the Antioxidative Effects of Taurine Against Corticosterone-Induced Cell Death in HUMAN SK-N-SH Cells.
Abstract Substantial evidence has shown that elevated circulating corticosteroids or chronic stress contributes to neuronal cell death, cognitive and mental disorders. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Taurine is considered to protect neuronal cells from apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, the protective effects of taurine against corticosterone (CORT)-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells were investigated. The results showed that CORT significantly induced cell death, which was blocked by pretreatment with taurine...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 23, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sun Q, Jia N, Yang J, Chen G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Strategies for imaging mitophagy in high-resolution and high-throughput.
We describe two approaches for measuring mitophagy in mammalian cells using stable cells expressing EGFP-LC3 - Mito-DsRed to mark early phase of mitophagy and Mitochondria-EGFP - LAMP1-RFP stable cells for late events of mitophagy. Both the assays showed good spatial and temporal resolution in wide-field, confocal and super-resolution microscopy with high-throughput adaptable capability. A limited compound screening allowed us to identify a few new mitophagy inducers. Compared to the current mitophagy tools, mito-Keima or mito-QC, the assay described here determines the direct delivery of mitochondrial components to the ly...
Source: European Journal of Cell Biology - October 27, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Indira D, Varadarajan SN, Subhasingh Lupitha S, Lekshmi A, Mathew KA, Chandrasekharan A, Rajappan Pillai P, Pulikkal Kadamberi I, Ramachandran I, Sekar H, Kochucherukkan Gopalakrishnan A, Tr S Tags: Eur J Cell Biol Source Type: research

Bavachin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial regulated ER stress pathway in HepG2 cells.
Abstract As a traditional herbal medicine, the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia L. (FP) have been widely used for the treatment of various skin diseases for hundred years. Recently, the emerging FP-induced toxic effects, especially hepatotoxicity, in clinic are getting the public's attention. However, its exact toxic components and mechanisms underlying remain unclear. Bavachin, one of flavonoids in FP, has been documented as a hepatotoxic substance, and the present study aimed to determine the toxicity caused by bavachin and the possible toxic mechanisms involved using HepG2 cells. Our results showed that bavachin ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - November 29, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yang Y, Tang X, Hao F, Ma Z, Wang Y, Wang L, Gao Y Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Lactate-mediated mitoribosomal defects impair mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and promote hepatoma cell invasiveness Gene Regulation
Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, accompanied by enhanced glycolysis, is a key metabolic feature of cancer cells, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Previously, we reported that human hepatoma cells that harbor OXPHOS defects exhibit high tumor cell invasiveness via elevated claudin-1 (CLN1). In the present study, we show that OXPHOS-defective hepatoma cells (SNU354 and SNU423 cell lines) exhibit reduced expression of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 (MRPL13), a mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) subunit, suggesting a ribosomal defect. Specific inhibition of mitoribosomal ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 8, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Young-Kyoung Lee, Jin J. Lim, Un-woo Jeoun, Seongki Min, Eun-beom Lee, So Mee Kwon, Changhan Lee, Gyesoon Yoon Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Overexpression of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase protects insulin-secreting cells against cytokine toxicity Metabolism
In conclusion, the relatively low endogenous Spl expression level in insulin-secreting cells contributes to their extraordinary vulnerability to proinflammatory cytokine toxicity and may therefore represent a promising target for β-cell protection in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 8, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Claudine Hahn, Karolina Tyka, Julie D. Saba, Sigurd Lenzen, Ewa Gurgul-Convey Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Protective effect of HSP27 in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease by inhibiting reactive oxygen species
Conclusion: HSP27 exerts its protective role by suppressing ROS and AS progression through inhibiting mitochondria apoptosis pathway in CHD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - December 12, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hongli Zhang, Kaiying Jia, Da Sun, Min Yang Tags: Article Source Type: research