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Condition: Mitochondrial Disease

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Total 454 results found since Jan 2013.

Astragaloside IV attenuates podocyte apoptosis through ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction by up-regulated Nrf2-ARE/TFAM signaling in diabetic kidney disease
In this study, using molecular docking we found that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active ingredient from traditional formula of Huangqi decoction (HQD), exerted a higher potential to promote Nrf2 escape from Keap1-Nrf2 interaction via competitively bind to amino acid sites in Keap1. When podocyte exposed to high glucose (HG) stimulation, mitochondrial morphological alterations and podocyte apoptosis were presented and accompanied by Nrf2 and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) downregulation. Mechanistically, HG promoted a decrease in mitochondria-specific electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, ATP synthesis and...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 8, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Qian Shen Ji Fang Hengjiang Guo Xue Su Bingbing Zhu Xingmei Yao Yunman Wang Aili Cao Hao Wang Li Wang Source Type: research

TIMELESS promotes the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by activating EGFR through AMPK and SPHK1 regulation
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that siTIM could inhibited EGFR activation through activating AMPK and inhibiting SPHK1 expression, as well as influencing mitochondrial function and alter the ATP level; TIM's high expression in LUAD is an important factor and a potential key target in LUAD.PMID:37433364 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175883
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - July 11, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Houqing Yin Zequn Wang Dan Wang Muhadaisi Nuer Mengyuan Han Peng Ren Shanwu Ma Chutong Lin Jingjing Chen Haocheng Xian Dongmei Ai Xuejun Li Shaohua Ma Zhiqiang Lin Yan Pan Source Type: research

Ginsenoside Rd attenuates myocardial ischemia injury through improving mitochondrial biogenesis via WNT5A/Ca < sup > 2+ < /sup > pathways
Eur J Pharmacol. 2023 Sep 1:176044. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176044. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGinsenoside Rd, one of the main active components in ginseng, exerts various biological activities. However, its effectiveness on myocardial ischemia injury and its potential mechanism need further clarification. The model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia injury (MI) mice and cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced cardiomyocytes injury were performed. Ginsenoside Rd significantly alleviated MI injury, as evidenced by ameliorated cardiac pathological features and improved cardiac function. Simultaneously, ginsenos...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - September 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zekun Cui Lifei Gu Tao Liu Yining Liu Boyang Yu Junping Kou Fang Li Kun Yang Source Type: research

Mitochondrial GSH Transport and Oxidative Stress Neurobiology
Mitochondrial oxidative stress significantly contributes to the underlying pathology of several devastating neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondria are highly sensitive to the damaging effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; therefore, these organelles are equipped with a number of free radical scavenging systems. In particular, the mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) pool is a critical antioxidant reserve that is derived entirely from the larger cytosolic pool via facilitated transport. The mechanism of mitochondrial GSH transport has not been extensively studied in the brain. However, the dicarboxylate (DIC) and 2...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 15, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Wilkins, H. M., Kirchhof, D., Manning, E., Joseph, J. W., Linseman, D. A. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Synthesis of mtDNA Precursors in C2C12 Myotubes Molecular Bases of Disease
During myogenesis, myoblasts fuse into multinucleated myotubes that acquire the contractile fibrils and accessory structures typical of striated skeletal muscle fibers. To support the high energy requirements of muscle contraction, myogenesis entails an increase in mitochondrial (mt) mass with stimulation of mtDNA synthesis and consumption of DNA precursors (dNTPs). Myotubes are quiescent cells and as such down-regulate dNTP production despite a high demand for dNTPs. Although myogenesis has been studied extensively, changes in dNTP metabolism have not been examined specifically. In differentiating cultures of C2C12 myobla...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 22, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Frangini, M., Franzolin, E., Chemello, F., Laveder, P., Romualdi, C., Bianchi, V., Rampazzo, C. Tags: DNA and Chromosomes Source Type: research

Pink1 deficiency attenuates astrocyte proliferation through mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced akt and increased p38 mapk activation, and downregulation of egfr
PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1), a familial Parkinson's disease (PD)‐related gene, is expressed in astrocytes, but little is known about its role in this cell type. Here, we found that astrocytes cultured from PINK1‐knockout (KO) mice exhibit defective proliferative responses to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fetal bovine serum. In PINK1‐KO astrocytes, basal and EGF‐induced p38 activation (phosphorylation) were increased whereas EGF receptor (EGFR) expression and AKT activation were decreased. p38 inhibition (SB203580) or knockdown with small interfering RNA (siRNA) rescued EGFR expression and AKT activat...
Source: Glia - February 26, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Insup Choi, Jun Kim, Hey‐Kyeong Jeong, Beomsue Kim, Ilo Jou, Sang Myun Park, Linan Chen, Un‐Jung Kang, Xiaoxi Zhuang, Eun‐hye Joe Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death of activated human CD4+ T cells via increasing endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Abstract Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic antioxidant compound, exerts well-known anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, the latter which can influence the activation of immune cells including T cells. Furthermore, curcumin can inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The beneficial effects of curcumin in diseases such as arthritis, allergy, asthma, atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer may be due to its immunomodulatory properties. We studied the potential of curcumin to modulate CD4+ T cells-mediated autoimmune disease, by e...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - February 14, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zheng M, Zhang Q, Joe Y, Lee BH, Ryu DG, Kwon KB, Ryter SW, Chung HT Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Silencing of the WFS1 gene in HEK cells induces pathways related to neurodegeneration and mitochondrial damage
The gene WFS1 encodes a protein with unknown function although its functional deficiency causes different neuropsychiatric and neuroendocrine syndromes. In the present study, we aimed to find the functional networks influenced by the time-dependent silencing of WFS1 in HEK cells. We performed whole genome gene expression profiling (Human Gene 1.0 ST Arrays) in HEK cells 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after transfection with three different WFS1 siRNAs. To verify silencing we performed quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Analysis was conducted in two ways. First we analyzed the overall effect of the siRNA treatment on the ...
Source: Physiological Genomics - March 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Koks, S., Overall, R. W., Ivask, M., Soomets, U., Guha, M., Vasar, E., Fernandes, C., Schalkwyk, L. C. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Multiple Phytoestrogens Inhibit Cell Growth and Confer Cytoprotection By Inducing Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Expression
Phytoestrogens are of interest because of their reported beneficial effects on many human maladies including cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. As data on phytoestrogens continues to accumulate, it is clear that there is significant overlap in the cellular effects elicited by these various compounds. Here, we show that one mechanism by which a number of phytoestrogens achieve their growth inhibitory and cytoprotective effects is via induction of the mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Eight phytoestrogens, including resveratrol, coumestrol, kaempferol, genistein, daidzein, api...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - March 21, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ellen L. Robb, Jeffrey A. Stuart Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling - UCP2 Deficiency as Disease Model.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that increased MMP causes vascular remodeling in UCP2-/- mice partially via increased ROS. In chronic hypoxia and MCT induced PH additional pathomechanisms like decreased respiration may play a role. PMID: 23590303 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Pak O, Sommer N, Hoeres T, Bakr A, Waisbrod S, Sydykov A, Haag D, Esfandiary A, Kojonazarov B, Veit F, Fuchs B, Weisel FC, Hecker M, Schermuly RT, Grimminger F, Ghofrani HA, Seeger W, Weissmann N Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

TR3 modulates platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.
Abstract In metastatic ovarian cancer, resistance to platinum chemotherapy is common. Although the orphan nuclear receptor TR3 (nur77/NR4A1) is implicated in mediating chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in cancer cells, its role in ovarian cancer has not been determined. In an ovarian cancer tissue microarray, TR3 protein expression was elevated in stage I tumors, but down-regulated in a significant subset of metastatic tumors. Moreover, TR3 expression was significantly lower in platinum-resistant tumors in patients with metastatic disease, and low TR3 staining was associated with poorer overall and progression-free s...
Source: Cell Research - May 29, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Wilson AJ, Liu AY, Roland JT, Adebayo OB, Fletcher SA, Slaughter JC, Saskowski J, Crispens MA, Jones HW, James S, Fadare O, Khabele D Tags: Cancer Res Source Type: research