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Total 97 results found since Jan 2013.
Co-Administration of Myostatin-Targeting siRNA and ActRIIB-Fc Fusion Protein Increases Masseter Muscle Mass and Fiber Size.
Authors: Bayarsaikhan O, Kawai N, Mori H, Kinouchi N, Nikawa T, Tanaka E
Abstract
Myostatin, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell growth and differentiation, and binds with high affinity to the activin type IIB receptor (ActRIIB). The soluble ligand-binding domain of ActRIIB fused to the Fc domain of IgG (ActRIIB-Fc) potently binds and inhibits TGF-β family members in muscle, leading to rapid and marked muscle growth. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the co-delivery of myostatin-targeting siRNA (Mstn-siRNA) and ActRIIB-Fc into skeletal mus...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - October 7, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) Source Type: research
Autophagy Is a Defense Mechanism Inhibiting Invasion and Inflammation During High-Virulent Haemophilus parasuis Infection in PK-15 Cells
In this study, we sought to investigate whether SH0165 (serovar 5, high-virulent strain) and HN0001 (serovar 6, non-virulent strain) infection induces autophagy and the specific role of autophagy in bacterial invasion and inflammation during H. parasuis infection. Moreover, we explored the mechanism underlying autophagy regulated inflammation through inflammatory signaling cascades during H. parasuis infection. This observation could provide useful information for further understanding the role of autophagy in H. parasuis infection and improve our knowledge of new strategies against this pathogen.
Materials and Methods
B...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Functions of Non-coding RNAs in rRNA Regulation
Qi Yan1, Chengming Zhu1, Shouhong Guang1,2* and Xuezhu Feng1*
1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
2CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein machines that decode the genetic information embedded in mRNAs into polypeptides. Ribosome biogenesis is tightly coordinated and controlled from the transcription of pre-rRNAs to the assembly of ribosomes. Defects or disorders in rRNA production result in a number of human ri...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 4, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Regulation of hepatic lipid deposition by phospholipid in large yellow croaker.
Abstract
Dietary phospholipid (PL) supplementation has been shown to reduce lipid accumulation in the tissues of farmed fish; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect are largely unknown. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the potential impacts of PL on hepatic lipid metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. For in vivo study, four experimental diets - low lipid and low PL diet, as control diet (LL-LP diet, containing 12 % lipid and 1·5 % PL), low-lipid and high-PL diet (containing 12 % lipid and 8 % PL), high-lipid and low-PL diet (HL-LP diet, containing 20 % lipid and 1·5 % PL) and high-lipid ...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - December 4, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Cai Z, Mai K, Ai Q Tags: Br J Nutr Source Type: research
PGC1 β Regulates Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis by SREBP1-Mediated HKDC1 Expression
Conclusions: PGC1β regulates breast cancer tumor growth and metastasis by SREBP1-mediated HKDC1 expression. This provides a novel therapeutic strategy through targeting the PGC1β/HKDC1 signaling pathway for breast cancer treatment.
Introduction
Breast cancer is a very common cancer with significant premature mortality in women. Around 12% of women in USA will have chance to be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetimes (1, 2). The development of breast cancer is regulated by many factors, and even as average survival rates have increased significantly as a result of many advanced treatments...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
mTORC2 ‐AKT‐LAT1 Signalling Participates in Methionine‐induced β‐CASEIN Expression in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Dairy Cows
This study investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-protein kinase B (AKT) signalling in methionine (Met)-induced L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression and milk protein production. Primary mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from mammary parenchymal tissues of 3 lactating cows and MAC-T bovine MECs were cultured with or without 0.6 mM Met. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) siRNA, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and the AKT activator SC79 were used to evaluate the effects of mTORC2-AKT signalling on Met-induced LAT1 expression and function. Each experiment was perfo...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 25, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Duan, Chuanping Liu, Xiaoqing Gong, Yang Yang, Hongtao Jiao, Ye Lin, Xiaoming Hou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
mTORC2 ‐AKT‐LAT1 signalling participates in methionine‐induced β‐CASEIN expression in mammary epithelial cells of dairy cows
This study investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-protein kinase B (AKT) signalling in methionine (Met)-induced L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression and milk protein production. Primary mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from mammary parenchymal tissues of three lactating cows and MAC-T bovine MECs were cultured with or without 0.6 mM Met. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) siRNA, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and the AKT activator SC79 were used to evaluate the effects of mTORC2-AKT signalling on Met-induced LAT1 expression and function. Each experiment wa...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - April 6, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Duan,
Chuanping Liu,
Xiaoqing Gong,
Yang Yang,
Hongtao Jiao,
Ye Lin,
Xiaoming Hou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Oxymatrine Inhibits Homocysteine-Mediated Autophagy via MIF/mTOR Signaling in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Conclusions: These results suggest that Hcy can evokeautophagy-activated HUVEC apoptosis/death via a MIF/mTOR signaling pathway, which can be reversed by OMT. Our results provide a new insight into a functional role of OMT in the prevention of Hcy-induced HUVEC injury and death.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;45:1893 –1903
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - March 6, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Epigallocatechin Gallate Induces Upregulation of LDL Receptor via the 67 kDa Laminin Receptor‐Independent Pathway in HepG2 Cells
ConclusionEGCG activates LDLR expression via 67LR ‐independent pathway in HepG2 cells.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - February 5, 2020 Category: Food Science Authors: Kumiko Zanka,
Yuya Kawaguchi,
Yudai Okada,
Satoshi Nagaoka Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Homocysteine-induced decrease in HUVEC cells ’ resistance to oxidative stress is mediated by Akt-dependent changes in iron metabolism
ConclusionsThese data indicate that Hcy induces an increase in cellular ferritin level, and the process is mediated by alterations in Akt-FOXO3a signaling pathway.
Source: European Journal of Nutrition - March 24, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Delivery of siHIF ‐1α to Reconstruct Tumor Normoxic Microenvironment for Effective Chemotherapeutic and Photodynamic Anticancer Treatments
An integrated amphiphilic delivery system (RSCD) based on Angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan for siRNA against the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 α) is fabricated, aiming at both vascular and cellular “relaxation” to reconstruct a tumor normoxic microenvironment, which significantly improves the chemotherapeutic and photodynamic anticancer treatment. AbstractThe tumor hypoxic microenvironment not only induces genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor cells, immature vessels formation for oxygen demand, but also compromises the efficiency of therapeutic interventions. On the other hand, conventional the...
Source: Small - May 25, 2021 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Xiaobing Chen,
Rongrong Jin,
Qian Jiang,
Qunjie Bi,
Ting He,
Xu Song,
Matthias Barz,
Hua Ai,
Xintao Shuai,
Yu Nie Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Organic Cation Transporter I and Na+/taurocholate Co ?Transporting Polypeptide are Involved in Retrorsine? and Senecionine?Induced Hepatotoxicity in HepaRG cells
ConclusionOur results confirm previous findings of active transport mechanisms of PAs into hepatocytes and highlight the importance of toxicokinetic studies for the risk assessment of PAs.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - December 11, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Anne ?Margarethe Enge,
Florian Kaltner,
Christoph Gottschalk,
Angelina Kin,
Michael Kirstgen,
Joachim Geyer,
Anja These,
Helen Hammer,
Oliver Ptz,
Albert Braeuning,
Stefanie Hessel?Pras Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
HIF-1 α coordinates epigenetic activation of SIAH1 in hepatocytes in response to nutritional stress
We report that in response to nutritional stress, SIAH1 expression was up-regulated in the liver in mice and in cultured hepatocytes. In the meantime, HIF-1α started to occupy the SIAH1 promoter. Depletion of HIF-1α with siRNA or inhibition of HIF-1α with chetomin abrogated the induction of SIAH1 expression. HIF-1α knockdown or inhibition paralleled epigenetic alterations surrounding the SIAH1 promoter characterized by the loss of acetylated histone H3 and trimethylated H3K4 as well as the acquisition of dimethylated H3K9. Further analyses revealed that HIF-1α interacted with and recruited the histone demethylase KDM3...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Gene Regulatory Mechanisms - September 1, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Vitamin A Deficiency Induces Autistic ‐Like Behaviors in Rats by Regulating the RARβ‐CD38‐Oxytocin Axis in the Hypothalamus
Conclusions: Gestational VAD might be a risk factor for autistic‐like behaviors due to the RARβ signal suppression of CD38 expression in the hypothalamus of the offspring, which improved with VAS during the early‐life period. The nutritional status during pregnancy and the early‐life period is important in rats.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Nahrung / Food - December 21, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xi Lai, Xiaofeng Wu, Nali Hou, Shu Liu, Qing Li, Ting Yang, Jingkun Miao, Zhifang Dong, Jie Chen, Tingyu Li Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Regulation of the Intracellular ROS Level Is Critical for the Antiproliferative Effect of Quercetin in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2.
This study demonstrates that the antiproliferative effect of quercetin on HCC cells can be mediated by reducing intracellular ROS, which is independent of p53 expression.
PMID: 30661409 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - January 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jeon JS, Kwon S, Ban K, Kwon Hong Y, Ahn C, Sung JS, Choi I Tags: Nutr Cancer Source Type: research
