Filtered By:
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 10.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 177 results found since Jan 2013.

Hydroxytyrosol prevents chondrocyte death under oxidative stress by inducing autophagy through sirtuin 1-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
CONCLUSIONS: These results support the potential of HT as a chondroprotective nutraceutical compound against OA, not merely for its antioxidant ability, but as an autophagy and SIRT-1 inducer as well. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: HT may exert a cytoprotective action by promoting autophagy in cell types that may be damaged in degenerative diseases by oxidative and other stress stimuli. PMID: 26947008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - March 3, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cetrullo S, D'Adamo S, Guidotti S, Borzì RM, Flamigni F Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

siRNA release from pri-miRNA scaffolds is controlled by the sequence and structure of RNA.
In this study, using high-resolution northern blotting and small RNA sequencing, we investigated the precision with which RNases Drosha and Dicer process shmiRs. The fidelity of siRNA release from the commonly used pri-miRNA shuttles was found to depend on both the siRNA insert and pri-miR scaffold. Then, we searched for specific factors that may affect the precision of siRNA release and found that both the structural features of shmiR hairpins and the nucleotide sequence at Drosha and Dicer processing sites contribute to cleavage site selection and cleavage precision. An analysis of multiple shRNA intermediates generated ...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - February 24, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Galka-Marciniak P, Olejniczak M, Starega-Roslan J, Szczesniak MW, Makalowska I, Krzyzosiak WJ Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Linoleic acid permeabilizes gastric epithelial cells by increasing Connexin43 levels in the cell membrane via a GPR40- and akt-dependent mechanism.
Abstract Linoleic acid (LA) is known to activate G-protein coupled receptors and connexin hemichannels (Cx HCs) but possible interlinks between these two responses remain unexplored. Here, we evaluated the mechanism of action of LA on the membrane permeability mediated by Cx HCs in MKN28 cells. These cells were found to express connexins, GPR40, GPR120, and CD36 receptors. The Cx HC activity of these cells increased after 5min of treatment with LA or GW9508, an agonist of GPR40/GPR120; or exposure to extracellular divalent cation-free solution (DCFS), known to increase the open probability of Cx HCs, yields an imm...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - February 8, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Puebla C, Cisterna BA, Salas DP, Delgado-López F, Lampe PD, Sáez JC Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 coordinates multiple processes in a model of intestinal epithelial cell function.
Abstract Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 transcription factors (HNF1α/β) are associated with diabetes. These factors are well studied in the liver, pancreas and kidney, where they direct tissue-specific gene regulation. However, they also have an important role in the biology of many other tissues, including the intestine. We investigated the transcriptional network governed by HNF1 in an intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco2). We used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by direct sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify HNF1 binding sites genome-wide. Direct targets of HNF1 were validated using convention...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - February 6, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yang R, Kerschner JL, Harris A Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Activation of autophagy by globular adiponectin is required for muscle differentiation.
Abstract Regulated autophagy is a critical component for a healthy skeletal muscle mass, such that dysregulation of the autophagic processes correlates with severe myopathies. Thus, defining the biological molecules involved in the autophagic processes within skeletal muscle is of great importance. Here we demonstrate that globular adiponectin (gAd) activates autophagy in skeletal muscle myoblasts via an AMPK-dependent mechanism. Activation of autophagy through gAd promotes myoblast survival and apoptosis inhibition during serum starvation and the gAd-activated autophagy orchestrates the myogenic properties of the...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gamberi T, Modesti A, Magherini F, D'Souza DM, Hawke T, Fiaschi T Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Receptor for hyaluronic acid- mediated motility (RHAMM) regulates HT1080 fibrosarcoma cell proliferation via a β-catenin/c-myc signaling axis.
CONCLUSIONS: LMWHA/RHAMM downstream signaling regulates fibrosarcoma cell growth in a β-catenin/c-myc dependent manner. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: The present study suggests that RHAMM is a novel β-catenin intracellular binding partner, protecting β-catenin from degradation and supporting the nuclear translocation of this key cellular mediator, which results in c-myc activation and enhanced fibrosarcoma cell growth. PMID: 26825774 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kouvidi K, Berdiaki A, Tzardi M, Karousou E, Passi A, Nikitovic D, Tzanakakis GN Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increase the efficacy of docetaxel in mammary cancer cells by downregulating Akt and PKCε/δ-induced ERK pathways.
Abstract Taxanes can induce drug resistance by increasing signalling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and ERK, which promote survival and cell growth in human cancer cells. We have previously shown that long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) decrease resistance of experimental mammary tumors to anticancer drugs. Our objective was to determine whether DHA could increase tumor sensitivity to docetaxel by down-regulating these survival pathways. In docetaxel-treated MDA-MB-231 cells, phosphorylated-ERK1/2 levels were increased by 60% in membrane and nuclear compartments, comp...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - January 25, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lucie C, Goupille C, Charly B, Michelle P, Isabelle D, Cyrille G, Philippe B, Stephan C, Karine M Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Mineralocorticoid receptor mediated liposomal delivery system for targeted induction of apoptosis in cancer cells.
In conclusion, this study presents MR as a target for efficiently delivering anticancer genes and thereby treating cancer through MR-mediated pathway. PMID: 26620075 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - November 24, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sharma P, Banerjee R, Narayan KP Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Deletion of sphingosine kinase 1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice: Role of PPARγ.
Abstract Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged playing important roles in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, whereas the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, we provide both in vitro and in vivo evidence showing a pathogenic role of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in hepatocellular steatosis. We found that levels of SphK1 expression were significantly increased in steatotic hepatocytes. Enforced overexpression of SphK1 or treatment with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) markedly enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation. In contrast, the siRNA-mediated knockdown of SphK1 or S1P...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - November 23, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen J, Wang W, Qi Y, Kaczorowski D, McCaughan GW, Gamble JR, Don AS, Gao X, Vadas MA, Xia P Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Leukotriene B4 receptor-2 contributes to chemoresistance of SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3-linked cascade.
In this study, we found that the low-affinity leukotriene B4 receptor-2 (BLT2) and its ligand leukotriene B4 were highly up-regulated in cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells and play critical roles in mediating the chemoresistance through the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) and the subsequent up-regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6). BLT2 depletion with siRNA clearly abolished the chemoresistance to cisplatin in SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells and further increased cell sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy by down-regulating the 'STAT-3-IL-6' cascade. Enlarged tumor formatio...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - November 17, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Park J, Park SY, Kim JH Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Cross-talk between lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 and tropomyosin receptor kinase A promotes lung epithelial cell migration.
Abstract Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lysophospholipid, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. LPA exerts its biological effects mainly through binding to cell-surface LPA receptors (LPA1-6), which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. Recent studies suggest that cross-talk between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and GPCRs modulates GPCRs-mediated signaling. Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) is a RTK, which mediates nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced biological functions including cell migration in neuronal and non-neur...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - November 17, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nan L, Wei J, Jacko AM, Culley MK, Zhao J, Natarajan V, Ma H, Zhao Y Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Histological analyses by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry reveal differential localization of sphingomyelin molecular species regulated by particular ceramide synthase in mouse brains.
Abstract Sphingomyelin (SM) is synthesized by SM synthase (SMS) from ceramide (Cer). SM regulates signaling pathways and maintains organ structure. SM comprises a sphingoid base and differing lengths of acyl-chains, but the importance of its various forms and regulatory synthases is not known. It has been reported that Cer synthase (CerS) has restricted substrate specificity, whereas SMS has no specificity for different lengths of acyl-chains. We hypothesized that the distribution of each SM molecular species was regulated by expression of the CerS family. Thus, we compared the distribution of SM species and CerS ...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 19, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sugimoto M, Shimizu Y, Yoshioka T, Wakabayashi M, Tanaka Y, Higashino K, Numata Y, Sakai S, Kihara A, Igarashi Y, Kuge Y Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, inhibits retinal pericyte injury in db/db mice and retinal neovascularization in mice with ischemic retinopathy.
Abstract Retinal pericyte loss and neovascularization are characteristic features of diabetic retinopathy. Gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, has shown robust blood-glucose lowering effects in type 2 diabetic patients, but its effects on diabetic retinopathy have not yet been reported. We evaluated the efficacy of gemigliptin on retinal vascular leakage in db/db mice, which is an animal model for type 2 diabetes, and neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, which is an animal model for ischemic proliferative retinopathy. Gemigliptin (100mg/kg/day) was orally administered t...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 18, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jung E, Kim J, Kim CS, Kim SH, Cho MH Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

TRPV6 channel modulates proliferation of insulin secreting INS-1E beta cell line.
In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the expression of TRPV6 in INS-1E cells and rat pancreatic beta cells and describes its role in modulating calcium signaling, beta cell proliferation and insulin mRNA expression. In contrast, TRPV6 fails to influence insulin secretion. PMID: 26384871 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 16, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Skrzypski M, Khajavi N, Mergler S, Szczepankiewicz D, Kołodziejski PA, Metzke D, Wojciechowicz T, Billert M, Nowak KW, Strowski MZ Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Ischemia-Induced Autophagy Contributes to Neurodegeneration in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells in the Developing Rat Brain and in Primary Cortical Neurons In Vitro.
Abstract Increased autophagy/mitophagy is thought to contribute to cerebellar dysfunction in Purkinje cell degeneration mice. Intriguingly, cerebellar Purkinje cells are highly vulnerable to hypoxia-ischemia (HI), related at least in part to their high metabolic activity. Whether or not excessive or supraphysiologic autophagy plays a role in Purkinje cell susceptibility to HI is unknown. Accordingly, we evaluated the role of autophagy in the cerebellum after global ischemia produced by asphyxial cardiac arrest in postnatal day (PND) 16-18 rats, using siRNA-targeted inhibition of Atg7, necessary for microtubule-ass...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - June 10, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Au AK, Chen Y, Lina D, Smith CM, Manole MD, Baltagi SA, Chu CT, Aneja RK, Bayır H, Kochanek PM, Clark RS Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research