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Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta

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Total 177 results found since Jan 2013.

CSN-associated USP48 confers stability to nuclear NF-κB/RelA by trimming K48-linked Ub-chains.
In this study we observed that USP48, a DUB of hitherto ill-defined function identified through a siRNA screen, associates with the CSN and RelA in the nucleus. We show that USP48 trims rather than completely disassembles long K48-linked free and substrate-anchored Ub-chains, a catalytic property only shared with ataxin-3 (Atx3) and otubain-1 (OTU1), and that USP48 Ub-chain-trimming activity is regulated by casein-kinase-2 (CK2)-mediated phosphorylation in response to cytokine-stimulation. Functionally, we demonstrate for the first time the CSN and USP48 to cooperatively stabilize the nuclear pool of RelA, thereby facilita...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - December 5, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Schweitzer K, Naumann M Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Ki-1/57 and CGI-55 ectopic expression impact cellular pathways involved in proliferation and stress response regulation.
Abstract Ki-1/57 (HABP4) and CGI-55 (SERBP1) are regulatory proteins and paralogs with 40.7% amino acid sequence identity and 67.4% similarity. Functionally, they have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression on both the transcriptional and mRNA metabolism levels. A link with tumorigenesis is suggested, since both paralogs show altered expression levels in tumor cells and the Ki-1/57 gene is found in a region of chromosome 9q that represents a haplotype for familiar colon cancer. However, the target genes regulated by Ki-1/57 and CGI-55 are unknown. Here, we analyzed the alterations of the global trans...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 6, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Costa FC, Saito A, Gonçalves KA, Vidigal PM, Meirelles GV, Bressan GC, Kobarg J Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Inhibitory effects of long noncoding RNA MEG3 on hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrogenesis.
Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized as major players in governing fundamental biological processes through diverse mechanisms. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is an imprinted gene located at 14q32 that encodes a lncRNA correlated with several human cancers. Recently, the methylation-dependent downregulation of MEG3 has been described in liver cancers. However, its biological functional role in liver fibrosis remain unknown. In our study, MEG3 levels were remarkably decreased in CCl4-induced mouse liver fibrosis models and human fibrotic livers as demonstrated by real-time qu...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 5, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: He Y, Wu YT, Huang C, Meng XM, Ma TT, Wu BM, Xu FY, Zhang L, Lv XW, Li J Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Non-classical testosterone signaling is mediated by a G-protein-coupled receptor interacting with Gnα11.
Abstract Testosterone is known to mediate its effects by two different mechanisms of action. In the so-called "classical" pathway testosterone binds to cytosolic androgen receptors (AR), which essentially function as ligand-activated transcription factors. Once activated, these receptors bind to DNA and activate the expression of target genes. In the "non-classical" pathway, the steroid hormone binds to receptors associated with the plasma membrane and induces signaling cascades mediated through activation of Erk1/2. The precise nature of the membrane-associated AR, however, remains controversial. Although some as...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - June 1, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shihan M, Bulldan A, Scheiner-Bobis G Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Matriptase is required for the Active Form of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Induced Met, Focal Adhesion Kinase and Protein Kinase B Activation on Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Motility.
Abstract Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a chemoattractant and inducer for neural stem/progenitor (NS/P) cell migration. Although the type II transmembrane serine protease, matriptase (MTP) is an activator of the latent HGF, MTP is indispensable on NS/P cell motility induced by the active form of HGF. This suggests that MTP's action on NS/P cell motility involves mechanisms other than proteolytic activation of HGF. In the present study, we investigate the role of MTP in HGF-stimulated signaling events. Using specific inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) or focal adhesion kin...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - March 28, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fang JD, Lee SL Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

PPARγ-dependent pathway in the growth-inhibitory effects of K562 cells by carotenoids in combination with rosiglitazone.
CONCLUSIONS: PPARγ signaling pathway, via stimulating p21 and inhibiting cyclin D1, may play an important role in the anti-proliferative effects of carotenoid and rosiglitazone combination on K562 cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Carotenoids in combination with rosiglitazone are hopeful to provide attractive dietary or supplementation-based and pharmaceutical strategies to treat cancer diseases. PMID: 24036327 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 11, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhao H, Gu H, Zhang H, Li JH, Zhao WE Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

TRAP assists membrane protein topogenesis at the mammalian ER membrane.
Abstract Membrane protein insertion and topogenesis generally occur at the Sec61 translocon in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. During this process, membrane spanning segments may adopt two distinct orientations with either their N- or C-terminus translocated into the ER lumen. While different topogenic determinants in membrane proteins, such as flanking charges, polypeptide folding, and hydrophobicity, have been identified, it is not well understood how the translocon and/or associated components decode them. Here we present evidence that the translocon-associated protein (TRAP) complex is involved in membrane...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sommer N, Junne T, Spiess M, Hartmann E Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate mediates activation of transcription factors CREB and ATF-1 via a Gα11-coupled receptor in the spermatogenic cell line GC-2.
Abstract Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a circulating steroid produced in the adrenal cortex, brain, and gonads. Whereas a series of investigations attest to neuroprotective effects of the steroid in the brain, surprisingly little is known about the physiological effects of DHEAS on cells of the reproductive system. Here we demonstrate that DHEAS acting on the spermatogenic cell line GC-2 induces a time- and concentration-dependent phosphorylation of c-Src and Erk1/2 and activates the transcription factors ATF-1 and CREB. These actions are consistent with the non-classical signaling pathway of testoster...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - August 26, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shihan M, Kirch U, Scheiner-Bobis G Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Interplay between autophagy and apoptosis mediated by Copper oxide nanoparticles in human breast cancer cells MCF7.
CONCLUSIONS: A combination of CuO NPs with the autophagy inhibitor is essential to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. General significance CuO NPs induced autophagy is a survival strategy of MCF7 cells and inhibition of autophagy render cellular fate to apoptosis. PMID: 23962629 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - August 17, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Laha D, Pramanik A, Maity J, Mukherjee A, Pramanik P, Laskar A, Karmakar P Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Simultaneous knock-down of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 induces apoptosis through Bax activation in pancreatic cancer cells.
Abstract Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins have been reported to play an important role in apoptotic cell death of human malignancies. The aim of this study was to delineate the mechanism of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins in pancreatic cancer (PaCa) cell survival. We first analyzed the endogenous expression and subcellular localization of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins in six PaCa cell lines by Western blot. To delineate the functional role of Bcl-2 family proteins, siRNA-mediated knock-down of protein expression was used. Apoptosis was measured by Cell Death ELISA and Hoechst 33258 staining. In the...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - August 14, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takahashi H, Chen MC, Pham H, Matsuo Y, Ishiguro H, Reber HA, Takeyama H, Hines OJ, Eibl G Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Serum regulation of Id1 expression by a BMP pathway and BMP responsive element.
Abstract Immediate early genes (IEGs) are expressed upon re-entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle following serum stimulation. These genes are involved in growth control and differentiation and hence their expression is tightly controlled. Many IEGs are regulated through Serum Response Elements (SREs) in their promoters, which bind Serum Response Factor (SRF). However, many other IEGs do not have SREs in their promoters and their serum regulation is poorly understood. We have identified SRF-independent IEGs in SRF-depleted fibroblasts. One of these, Id1, was examined more closely. We mapped a serum responsi...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - August 13, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lewis TC, Prywes R Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Transfection of siRNAs can alter miRNA levels and trigger non-specific protein degradation in mammalian cells.
Abstract Sequence-non-specific effects of siRNAs that alter the expression of non-targeted genes have been reported, including competition of siRNAs with endogenous RISC components. However, the detailed mechanisms and subsequent effects of such competition are not well documented. Here we analyze the competition of miRNAs in mammalian cells with low concentrations of siRNAs, and found that: 1) transfection of different siRNAs in the low nanomolar range used to deplete target RNAs can reduce the levels of miRNAs in different cell types, 2) siRNA transfection results in rapid reduction of Ago2-associated miRNAs con...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - February 8, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liang XH, Hart CE, Crooke ST Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research