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Drug: Dexamethasone

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Total 197 results found since Jan 2013.

Klotho and Inflammation Metabolism
Abnormal inflammation and accelerated decline in lung function occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Klotho, an anti-aging protein, has an anti-inflammatory function. However, the role of Klotho has never been investigated in COPD. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible role of Klotho by alveolar macrophages in airway inflammation in COPD. Klotho levels were assessed in the lung samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-smokers, smokers, and patients with COPD. The regulation of Klotho expression by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was studied in vitro, and small interf...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 13, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Li, L., Wang, Y., Gao, W., Yuan, C., Zhang, S., Zhou, H., Huang, M., Yao, X. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

MUC4 overexpression correlates corticoid resistance in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Conclusion: MUC4 participates in the corticoid response that mediates GRα nuclear translocation. The high expression of MUC4 in patients with CRSwNP may participate in corticoid resistance.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Contreras, S., Serrano, A., Diaz, L., Ballester, B., Banuls, P., Milara, J., Morell, A. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research

Role of protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) in mediating corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in severe asthma
Although the mechanisms mediating corticosteroid resistance in severe asthma are still unknown, recent evidence suggests ASM cells isolated from patients with severe asthma have a decreased insensitivity to dexamethasone (Dex) with respect to the inhibition of chemokine production. Here we investigated whether this corticosteroid insensitivity seen in ASM from severe asthmatics was due to an abnormal GR signalling pathway. We here observed that production of CCL5 and CCL11 by TNF in ASM cells from severe asthmatics (compared to healthy subjects and nonsevere asthma) was not affected by Dex or fluticasone (FP) pretreatment....
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chachi, L., Abbasian, M., Gavrila, A., Tliba, O., Brightling, C., Amrani, Y. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Inhibition of the ubiquitin-E3-ligase FBXW7 enhances steroid efficacy: New concept for treating steroid insensitivity
Conclusion: Reduction of FBXW7 caused a significant augmentation of functional GR and may have the potential to improve the efficacy of steroids.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kaestle, M., Wyatt, D., Nicklin, P. Tags: 5.3 Allergy and Immunology Source Type: research

Mucin 1 downregulation associates with corticoid resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Conclusion: Corticoid response that mediates GRα nuclear translocation requires MUC1-CT. The low expression of MUC1 in patients with CRSwNP or COPD may participate in corticoid resistance.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Morell, A., Milara, J., Diaz, L., Ballester, B., Peiro, T., Gonzalez, S., Banuls, P., Cortijo, J. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research

Esculentoside A Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Activation of the Nrf-2 Pathway
Conclusions: This is the first study to illustrate that EsA acts as a novel Nrf-2 activator, which modulates the oxidative stress pathway to improve lung injury and ameliorate the development of airway inflammation.Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015;167:280-290
Source: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology - October 24, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Leptin Enhances ICAM-1 Expression, Induces Migration and Cytokine Synthesis, and Prolongs Survival of Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
Abstract There is rising interest in how obesity affects respiratory diseases, since epidemiological findings indicate a strong relationship between the two conditions. Leptin is a potent adipokine produced mainly by adipocytes. It regulates energy storage and expenditure and also induces inflammation. Previous studies have shown that leptin is able to activate inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and granulocytes, but little is known about its effect on lung structural cells. The present study investigated the effects of leptin on human airway epithelial cells by using human primary airway epithelial cells and ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 14, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Suzukawa M, Koketsu R, Baba S, Igarashi S, Nagase H, Yamaguchi M, Matsutani N, Kawamura M, Shoji S, Hebisawa A, Ohta K Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Protocadherin-1 is a glucocorticoid-responsive critical regulator of airway epithelial barrier function
Conclusion: These results suggest that PCDH1 is important for airway function as a physical barrier, and its dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. We also suggest that glucocorticoids promotes epithelial barrier integrity by inducing PCDH1.
Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - July 31, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yutaka KozuYasuhiro GonShuichiro MaruokaKuroda KazumichiAkiko SekiyamaHiroyuki KishiYasuyuki NomuraMinoru IkedaShu Hashimoto Source Type: research

X-linked lymphocyte regulated gene 5c-like (Xlr5c-like) is a novel target of progesterone action in granulosa cells of periovulatory rat ovaries
In conclusion, this is the first report showing the spatiotemporally regulated expression of Xlr5c-like mRNA by hCG in rat periovulatory ovaries. P4/PGR mediates the LH-induced increase in Xlr5c-like mRNA. In turn, Xlr5c-like is involved in regulating the expression of specific ovulatory genes such as Snap25, Cxcr4, and Adamts1, possibly acting in the nucleus of periovulatory granulosa cells.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Edaravone protects osteoblastic cells from dexamethasone through inhibiting oxidative stress and mPTP opening.
Abstract Existing evidences have emphasized an important role of oxidative stress in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblastic cell damages. Here, we investigated the possible anti-Dex activity of edaravone in osteoblastic cells, and studied the underlying mechanisms. We showed that edaravone dose-dependently attenuated Dex-induced death and apoptosis of established human or murine osteoblastic cells. Further, Dex-mediated damages to primary murine osteoblasts were also alleviated by edaravone. In osteoblastic cells/osteoblasts, Dex induced significant oxidative stresses, tested by increased levels of reactive oxyg...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - July 16, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sun WX, Zheng HY, Lan J Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

Sphingosine 1-phosphate Increases COX-2 Expression and PGE2 Secretion: Effects on β2-adrenergic Receptor Desensitization.
Abstract Tachyphylaxis of the β2-adrenergic receptor limits the efficacy of bronchodilatory β2-agonists in respiratory disease. Cellular studies in airway smooth muscle (ASM) have shown that inflammatory mediators and infectious stimuli reduce β2-adrenergic responsiveness in a cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)-mediated, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-dependant manner. Herein we show that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid that plays an important role in pathophysiology of asthma, also induces β2-adrenergic receptor desensitization in bronchial ASM cells and exerts hyporesponsiveness to β2-agonist. We tre...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - June 22, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rumzhum NN, Rahman MM, Oliver BG, Ammit AJ Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Modulation of glucocorticoid resistance in pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by increasing BIM expression with the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the further investigation of agents targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway to modulate glucocorticoid resistance in T-ALL. PMID: 26080839 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - June 16, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hall CP, Reynolds CP, Kang MH Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Osteocytic cell necrosis is caused by a combination of glucocorticoid-induced Dickkopf-1 and hypoxia
Abstract Osteonecrosis is a major glucocorticoid-induced complication in the orthopedics field. Despite the extensive researches, mechanisms underlining the glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis are largely unknown. Here, we first provide the evidence that a combined treatment of cultured osteocytic cells with glucocorticoid and hypoxia caused necrotic cell death, which is assumed to occur in the acute bone injuries induced by glucocorticoids. We cultured MLO-Y4 murine osteocytic cells under hypoxia in the presence or absence of Dexamethasone (Dex) and examined the rates of apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Dex o...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 1, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Effects of hypoxia inducible factor-1α on apoptotic inhibition and glucocorticoid receptor downregulation by dexamethasone in AtT-20 cells
Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that HIF-1α exerts an antiapoptotic role and participates in the downregulation of GR by dexamethasone in hypoxic AtT-20 cells.
Source: BMC Endocrine Disorders - May 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chenran ZhangQiang QiangYing JiangLiuhua HuXuehua DingYicheng LuGuohan Hu Source Type: research

Effects of hypoxia inducible factor-1α on apoptotic inhibition and glucocorticoid receptor downregulation by dexamethasone in AtT-20 cells
Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that HIF-1α exerts an antiapoptotic role and participates in the downregulation of GR by dexamethasone in hypoxic AtT-20 cells.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - May 22, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Chenran ZhangQiang QiangYing JiangLiuhua HuXuehua DingYicheng LuGuohan Hu Source Type: research