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Condition: Diabetes

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Total 1499 results found since Jan 2013.

Mir‐217 promotes inflammation and fibrosis in high glucose cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells via Sirt1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway
ConclusionThis study clarified the role of Mir‐217 in high glucose cultured RMCs through Sirt1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway and provided new therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy (DN).
Source: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews - February 1, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ying Shao, Chuan Lv, Can Wu, Yuehong Zhou, Qiuyue Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Beta-adrenergic receptor agonist decreases VEGF levels through altered eNOS and PKC signaling in diabetic retina.
Authors: Jiang Y, Zhang Q, Steinle JJ Abstract Vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) is increased in diabetic macular edema. Compound 49b, a novel β-adrenergic receptor agonist, is protective in a type 1 diabetic rat model. We questioned whether Compound 49b could decrease VEGF levels, suggesting that Compound 49b may be effective against edema. Two-month diabetic rats received topical Compound 49b for 7 days only and/or insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) siRNA. We also measured endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and protein kinase C (PKC)ζ and PKCδ phosphorylation. Retinal end...
Source: Growth Factors - February 18, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Growth Factors Source Type: research

Regulating the expression of CD80/CD86 on dendritic cells to induce immune tolerance after xeno-islet transplantation.
CONCLUSIONS: CD86-silenced-DCs induced immune tolerance of rat xeno-islets in recipient diabetic mice with up-regulated peripheral blood CD4(+)CD25(+)T cells. PMID: 26879762 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Immunobiology - February 3, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ke N, Su A, Huang W, Szatmary P, Zhang Z Tags: Immunobiology Source Type: research

Restoration of Nrf2 Signaling Normalizes the Regenerative Niche
We report that chronic hyperglycemia weakens the endogenous antioxidant response, and the consequences of this defect are manifested by intracellular redox dysregulation, which can be restored by Keap1 inhibition. Targeted siRNA-based therapy represents a novel, efficacious strategy to reestablish redox homeostasis and accelerate diabetic cutaneous tissue regeneration.
Source: Diabetes - February 23, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Soares, M. A.; Cohen, O. D.; Low, Y. C.; Sartor, R. A.; Ellison, T.; Anil, U.; Anzai, L.; Chang, J. B.; Saadeh, P. B.; Rabbani, P. S.; Ceradini, D. J. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

The roles of tricellular tight junction protein lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor in malignancy of human endometrial cancer cells.
Authors: Shimada H, Satohisa S, Kohno T, Takahashi S, Hatakeyama T, Konno T, Tsujiwaki M, Saito T, Kojima T Abstract Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) has been identified as a novel molecular constituent of tricellular contacts that have a barrier function for the cellular sheet. LSR recruits tricellulin (TRIC), which is the first molecular component of tricellular tight junctions. Knockdown of LSR increases cell motility and invasion of certain cancer cells. However, the behavior and the roles of LSR in endometrial cancer remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the behavior and roles of...
Source: Oncotarget - April 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

DNase I aggravates islet β-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Zhu B, Zhang L, Zhang YY, Wang L, Li XG, Liu T, Fu YK, Zheng YF, Li P, Zhao ZG Abstract Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is an endonuclease responsible for the destruction of chromatin during apoptosis. However, its role in diabetes remains unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of DNase I combined with high glucose levels in β‑cell apoptosis. Human samples were collected and the DNase I activity was examined. High glucose‑cultured INS‑1 cells were transfected with DNase I small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the cell apoptosis was examined by western blotting and flow cyto...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - April 18, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Protective effects of marein on high glucose-induced glucose metabolic disorder in HepG2 cells
Conclusions Consequently, marein improved insulin resistance induced by high glucose in HepG2 cells through CaMKK/AMPK/GLUT1 to promote glucose uptake, through IRS/Akt/GSK-3β to increase glycogen synthesis, and through Akt/FoxO1 to decrease gluconeogenesis. Marein could be a promising leading compound for the development of hypoglycemic agent or developed as an adjuvant drug for diabetes mellitus. Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Berberine attenuates high glucose-induced fibrosis by activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 and repressing the S1P2/MAPK signaling pathway in glomerular mesangial cells.
In this study, we explored the role of TGR5 in the BBR-induced downregulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) / mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) -mediated fibrosis in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). Results showed that, BBR suppressed the expression of FN, ICAM-1, and TGF-β1 in high-glucose cultures of GMCs, and the phosphorylation level of c-Jun/c-Fos was downregulated. The high glucose lowered TGR5 expression in a time-dependent manner; this effect was reversed by BBR in a dose-dependent manner. The TGR5 agonist INT-777 decreased the high glucose-induced FN, ICAM-1, and TGF-β1 protein contents. I...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Yang Z, Li J, Xiong F, Huang J, Chen C, Liu P, Huang H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Oxidative Stress-Activated NHE1 Is Involved in High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells.
CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that HG activates PKG signaling and elevates the production of ROS, which was responsible for the induction of NHE1 expression and dysfunction, as well as subsequent cell apoptosis, in renal tubular epithelial cells. PMID: 27401659 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - July 13, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Wu Y, Zhang M, Liu R, Zhao C Tags: Yonsei Med J Source Type: research

Mir ‐217 promotes inflammation and fibrosis in high glucose cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells via Sirt1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway
ConclusionThis study clarified the role of Mir‐217 in high glucose cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells through Sirt1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway and provided new therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews - April 20, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ying Shao, Chuan Lv, Can Wu, Yuehong Zhou, Qiuyue Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Essential Role of Transglutaminase 2 in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Vascular Leakage in the Retina of Diabetic Mice
Diabetic retinopathy is predominantly caused by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–induced vascular leakage; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we designed an in vivo transglutaminase (TGase) activity assay in mouse retina and demonstrated that hyperglycemia induced vascular leakage by activating TGase2 in diabetic retina. VEGF elevated TGase2 activity through sequential elevation of intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in endothelial cells. The TGase inhibitors cystamine and monodansylcadaverin or TGase2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented VEGF-induced stress...
Source: Diabetes - July 20, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lee, Y.-J.; Jung, S.-H.; Kim, S.-H.; Kim, M.-S.; Lee, S.; Hwang, J.; Kim, S.-Y.; Kim, Y.-M.; Ha, K.-S. Tags: Complications Source Type: research

Heme-Regulated eIF2{alpha} Kinase Modulates Hepatic FGF21 and Is Activated by PPAR{beta}/{delta} Deficiency
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a peptide hormone with pleiotropic effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, is considered a target for the treatment of diabetes. We investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR) β/ deficiency in hepatic FGF21 regulation. Increased Fgf21 expression was observed in the livers of PPARβ/-null mice and in mouse primary hepatocytes when this receptor was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Increased Fgf21 was associated with enhanced protein levels in the heme-regulated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α...
Source: Diabetes - September 21, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zarei, M.; Barroso, E.; Leiva, R.; Barniol-Xicota, M.; Pujol, E.; Escolano, C.; Vazquez, S.; Palomer, X.; Pardo, V.; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, A.; Valverde, A. M.; Quesada-Lopez, T.; Villarroya, F.; Wahli, W.; Vazquez-Carrera, M. Tags: Pharmacology and Therapeutics Source Type: research

G protein coupled kinase-2 upregulation causes κ-opioid receptor desensitization in diabetic heart.
In conclusion, these data for the first time demonstrate that GRK2 upregulation is largely responsible for cardiac KOR desensitization in diabetic individuals, which provides novel insights for the management of I/R injury in patients with diabetes. PMID: 27865836 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 15, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen X, Zhao S, Xia Y, Xiong Z, Li Y, Tao L, Zhang F, Wang X Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Suppression of Kv1.5 protects against endothelial apoptosis induced by palmitate and in type 2 diabetes mice
Publication date: 1 January 2017 Source:Life Sciences, Volume 168 Author(s): Jie-Yi Du, Feng Yuan, Li-Yan Zhao, Jie Zhu, Yun-Ying Huang, Gen-Shui Zhang, Yi Wei, Yun Liu, Quan Yi, Yong-sheng Tu, Xiao Zhong, Fang-Yun Sun, Hong-Shuo Sun, Yong-Yuan Guan, Wen-Liang Chen, Guan-Lei Wang Aims Palmitate, a common saturated free fatty acid, induces endothelial apoptosis in vitro in culture endothelial cells and in vivo in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The present study aimed to investigate whether Kv1.5 regulates palmitate-induced endothelial apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. Main methods In vitro experimen...
Source: Life Sciences - November 22, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

AGEs Decreased SIRT3 Expression and SIRT3 Activation Protected AGEs-Induced EPCs ’ Dysfunction and Strengthened Anti-oxidant Capacity
AbstractAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been confirmed to induce dysfunction in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and play key roles in pathogenesis of diabetes-related vascular complications. The major function of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is to orchestrate oxidative metabolism and control reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, which are more closely related to EPCs ’ dysfunction. Our study therefore was designed to explore the role of SIRT3 on AGEs-induced EPCs dysfunction of. EPCs isolated from healthy adults were stimulated with AGEs and the expression of SIRT3 was assessed. Then, EPCs transfected with ad-S...
Source: Inflammation - December 28, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research