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Condition: Liver Disease
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Total 328 results found since Jan 2013.
Inhibition of citrate cotransporter Slc13a5/mINDY by RNAi improves hepatic insulin sensitivity and prevents diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
Conclusions We show that inducible mINDY inhibition improved hepatic insulin sensitivity and prevented diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adult C57BL6/J mice. These effects did not depend on changes of body weight or body composition. Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - August 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Hepatocyte-protective effect of nectandrin B, a nutmeg lignan, against oxidative stress: Role of Nrf2 activation through ERK phosphorylation and AMPK-dependent inhibition of GSK-3 β.
This study investigated the hepatocyte-protective effect of nectandrin B against tert-butylhydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury and the underlying molecular mechanism. The cell viability assay revealed that nectandrin B prevents apoptosis stimulated by tert-butylhydroperoxide in both HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes. Nectandrin B also attenuated ROS production and restored the depleted glutathione level. Real-time PCR and immunoblot analyses showed that the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase, an enzyme responsible for the glutathione biosynthesis, was induced by nectandrin B, indicating its indirect antioxi...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - August 6, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Song JS, Kim EK, Choi YW, Oh WK, Kim YM Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha acts as a mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in acute liver failure RESEARCH ARTICLE
This study aimed to investigate whether PPARα activation inhibits ER stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, thereby protecting against ALF. In a murine model of D-galactosamine (D-GalN)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALF, Wy-14643 was administered to activate PPARα, and 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) was administered to attenuate ER stress. PPARα activation ameliorated liver injury, because pre-administration of its specific inducer, Wy-14643, reduced the serum aminotransferase levels and preserved liver architecture compared with that of controls. The protective effect of PPARα activation result...
Source: DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms - July 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhang, L., Ren, F., Zhang, X., Wang, X., Shi, H., Zhou, L., Zheng, S., Chen, Y., Chen, D., Li, L., Zhao, C., Duan, Z. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Gene network activity in cultivated primary hepatocytes is highly similar to diseased mammalian liver tissue.
In conclusion, this study shows that gene regulatory network alterations of cultivated hepatocytes resemble those of inflammatory liver diseases and should therefore be considered and exploited as disease models.
PMID: 27339419 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Toxicology - June 22, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Godoy P, Widera A, Schmidt-Heck W, Campos G, Meyer C, Cadenas C, Reif R, Stöber R, Hammad S, Pütter L, Gianmoena K, Marchan R, Ghallab A, Edlund K, Nüssler A, Thasler WE, Damm G, Seehofer D, Weiss TS, Dirsch O, Dahmen U, Gebhardt R, Chaudhari U, Megana Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research
Receptor interacting protein 3 protects mice from high fat diet‐induced liver injury
Conclusion: Absence of RIP3, a key mediator of necroptosis, exacerbated HFD‐induced liver injury, associated with increased inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis, as well as early fibrotic responses. These findings indicate that shifts in the mode of hepatocellular death can influence disease progression and have therapeutic implications because manipulation of hepatocyte cell death pathways is being considered as a target for treatment of NAFLD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - June 14, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sanjoy Roychowdhury, Rebecca L. McCullough, Carlos Sanz‐Garcia, Paramananda Saikia, Naim Alkhouri, Ammar Matloob, Katherine Pollard, Megan R. McMullen, Colleen M. Croniger, Laura E. Nagy Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research
Hedgehog signaling is a potent regulator of liver lipid metabolism and reveals a GLI-code associated with steatosis
This study assessed the unexpected role of the Hedgehog pathway in adult liver lipid metabolism. Using transgenic mice with conditional hepatocyte-specific deletion of Smoothened in adult mice, we showed that hepatocellular inhibition of Hedgehog signaling leads to steatosis by altering the abundance of the transcription factors GLI1 and GLI3. This steatotic 'Gli-code' caused the modulation of a complex network of lipogenic transcription factors and enzymes, including SREBP1 and PNPLA3, as demonstrated by microarray analysis and siRNA experiments and could be confirmed in other steatotic mouse models as well as in steatoti...
Source: eLife - May 17, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Biochemistry Cell Biology Hedgehog signalling hepatocytes Human liver Mouse NAFLD smoothened steatotic Gli-code Source Type: research
SIRT3 Regulates Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation Metabolism
In this study, we aimed to establish whether SIRT3 regulated the SDH activity, succinate, and GPR91 expression in HSCs and an animal model of NAFLD. Our goal was also to determine whether succinate released from hepatocytes regulated HSC activation. Inhibiting SIRT3 using SIRT3 siRNA exacerbated HSC activation via the SDH-succinate-GPR91 pathway, and SIRT3 overexpression or honokiol treatment attenuated HSC activation in vitro. In isolated liver and HSCs from methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD, the expression of SIRT3 and SDH activity was decreased, and the succinate concentrations and GPR91 express...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 5, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Li, Y. H., Choi, D. H., Lee, E. H., Seo, S. R., Lee, S., Cho, E.-H. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
The angiogenic related functions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are promoted by CBDL rat serum via the Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
In conclusion, these findings indicated that the number of MSCs increased in the peripheral blood of CBDL rats, and the Akt/Nrf2 pathway plays a vital role in promoting the angiogenic related functions of BM-MSCs, which could be a potent contributor to pulmonary angiogenesis in HPS.
PMID: 27105936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 18, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Shen CC, Chen B, Gu JT, Ning JL, Chen L, Zeng J, Yi B, Lu KZ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research
Novel roles for AhR and ARNT in the regulation of alcohol dehydrogenases in human hepatic cells.
In conclusion, activation of the AhR/ARNT signaling pathway by AhR ligands represents a novel mechanism for regulating the expression of ADHs. These effects may be implicated in the toxicity of AhR ligands as well as in the alteration of ethanol or retinol metabolism and may be associated further with higher risk of liver diseases or/and alcohol abuse disorders.
PMID: 27055685 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Toxicology - April 7, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Attignon EA, Leblanc AF, Le-Grand B, Duval C, Aggerbeck M, Rouach H, Blanc EB Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research
Hyperhomocysteinemia activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/CD36 pathway to promote hepatic steatosis in mice
Conclusion: In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that HHcy activated the AHR‐CD36 pathway by increasing hepatic LXA4 content, which resulted in HS. (Hepatology 2016; 00:000–000)
Source: Hepatology - April 4, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Liu Yao, Chunjiong Wang, Xu Zhang, Liyuan Peng, Wenli Liu, Xuejiao Zhang, Yajin Liu, Jinlong He, Changtao Jiang, Ding Ai, Yi Zhu Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research
Punicalagin attenuates palmitate‐induced lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells by activating the Keap1‐Nrf2 antioxidant defense system
Conclusions: These findings suggest that punicalagin could effectively attenuate FFA‐induced lipotoxicity by activating Keap1‐Nrf2 cytoprotective signaling pathway.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Nahrung / Food - March 15, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chunhong Yan, Wenyan Sun, Xun Wang, Jiangang Long, Xuebo Liu, Zhihui Feng, Jiankang Liu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Palmitate-induced Regulation of PPARγ via PGC1α: a Mechanism for Lipid Accumulation in the Liver in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
In conclusion, palmitate appear to up-regulate PPARγ via PGC1α in Huh7 cells, and both PGC1α and PPARγ are up-regulated in the NAFLD mice liver, suggesting an effect on lipid metabolism leading to intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation.
PMID: 26941577 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - March 6, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research
Hyperhomocysteinemia Activates the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor‐CD36 Pathway to Promote Hepatic Steatosis in Mice
In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that HHcy activated the AHR‐CD36 pathway by increasing hepatic LXA4 content, which resulted in hepatic steatosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - February 29, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Liu Yao, Chunjiong Wang, Xu Zhang, Liyuan Peng, Wenli Liu, Xuejiao Zhang, Yajin Liu, Jinlong He, Changtao Jiang, Ding Ai, Yi Zhu Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research
Melatonin protects hepatocytes against bile acid-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress via the AMPK-SIRT3-SOD2 pathway.
This study investigates the protective effects of melatonin pretreatment on glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA)-induced hepatotoxicity and elucidates the potential mechanism of melatonin-mediated protection. Melatonin markedly decreased mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production in L02 cells treated with 100 μM GCDCA, and inhibited GCDCA-stimulated cytotoxicity. Notably, melatonin exerted its hepatoprotective effects by upregulating sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) activity and its expression level, thus regulating superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) acetylation and inhibiting the production of mROS induced by GCDCA. Moreover, siRNA targeting SIRT3 b...
Source: Free Radical Research - February 18, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Free Radic Res Source Type: research
HCV-activated NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulates Lipid Metabolism Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we elucidate the potential link between chronic hepatitis C-associated inflammation and alteration of lipid homeostasis in infected cells. Our results reveal that the HCV-activated NLRP3 inflammasome is required for the up-regulation of lipogenic genes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Using pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA against the inflammasome components (NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD, and caspase-1), we further show that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical role in lipid d...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 12, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: McRae, S., Iqbal, J., Sarkar-Dutta, M., Lane, S., Nagaraj, A., Ali, N., Waris, G. Tags: Microbiology Source Type: research
