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Total 130 results found since Jan 2013.

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

LncRNA PVT1 knockdown affects proliferation and apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells by inhibiting EZH2.
CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA PVT1 knockdown in UM cells can repress the proliferation of UM cells and promote their apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression. PMID: 31002139 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - April 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Genetic Regulation of Liver Metabolites and Transcripts Linking to Biochemical-Clinical Parameters
Conclusion In summary, this study is the first to combine metabolomics, transcriptomics, and genome-wide association studies in a porcine model. Our results improve understanding of the genetic regulation of metabolites which link to transcripts and finally biochemical-clinical parameters. Further, high-performance profiling of metabolites as intermediate phenotypes is a potentially powerful approach to uncover how genetic variation affects metabolic and health status. Our results advance knowledge in areas of biomedical and agricultural interest and identify potential correlates of biomarkers, SNPs-metabolites, SNPs-tran...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 16, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Enhanced expression of son of sevenless homolog 1 is predictive of poor prognosis in uveal malignant melanoma patients.
CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that SOS1 might play a facilitating role in M23 cell growth and motility by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, the data suggested that SOS1 may serve as an UM predictor of prognosis as well as a therapeutic target. PMID: 30714452 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Ophthalmic Genetics - February 6, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Ophthalmic Genet Source Type: research

DUSP1 promotes senescence of retinoblastoma cell line SO-Rb5 cells by activating AKT signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: DUSP1 facilitated human retinoblastoma SO-Rb5 cell senescence induced by AGII through inhibiting Akt signaling pathway. PMID: 30536303 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - December 13, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Involvement of the STAT5-CyclinD/CDK4-pRb pathway in beta cell proliferation stimulated by prolactin during pregnancy.
Abstract During pregnancy, maternal pancreatic beta cells undergo a compensatory expansion in response to the state of insulin resistance, where prolactin (PRL) plays a major role. Retinoblastoma protein (Rb) has been shown to critically regulate islet proliferation and function. The aim of the study was to explore the role of Rb in beta cell mass expansion during pregnancy. During pregnancy, expression of Rb, phospho-Rb (p-Rb), p107 and E2F1 increased, while p130 decreased in maternal islets. With PRL stimulation, induction of Rb expression occurred mainly in the nucleus while p-Rb was predominantly in the cytopl...
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - December 4, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zhao X, Xu Y, Wu Y, Zhang H, Shi H, Zhu H, Woo M, Wu X Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

The oncolytic virus H101 combined with GNAQ siRNA ‐mediated knockdown reduces uveal melanoma cell viability
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, EarlyView.
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - October 15, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yongyun Li, Jie He, Chun Qiu, Qingfeng Shang, Guanxiang Qian, Xianqun Fan, Shengfang Ge, Renbing Jia Source Type: research

Heat shock protein 27 promotes cell cycle progression by down-regulating E2F transcription factor 4 and retinoblastoma family protein p130 Gene Regulation
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) protects cells under stress. Here, we demonstrate that HSP27 also promotes cell cycle progression of MRC-5 human lung fibroblast cells. Serum starvation for 24 h induced G1 arrest in these cells, and upon serum refeeding, the cells initiated cell cycle progression accompanied by an increase in HSP27 protein levels. HSP27 levels peaked at 12 h, and transcriptional up-regulation of six G2/M-related genes (CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, CDC25C, CDCA3, and CDK1) peaked at 24–48 h. siRNA-mediated HSP27 silencing in proliferating MRC-5 cells induced G2 arrest coinciding with down-regulation of these six gen...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 12, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ah-Mee Park, Ikuo Tsunoda, Osamu Yoshie Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

LncRNA THOR acts as a retinoblastoma promoter through enhancing the combination of c-myc mRNA and IGF2BP1 protein
In conclusion, this study makes clear that lncRNA THOR is up-regulated in retinoblastoma, and its over-expression significantly enhances the malignant phenotype transformation of retinoblastoma cells through up-regulating c-myc expression via enhancing its combination with TGF2BP1 protein. Overall, our study illustrates that lncRNA THOR/c-myc molecular cascade might be another potent target for retinoblastoma treatment.
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - July 20, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Id1 and Sonic Hedgehog Mediate Cell Cycle Reentry and Apoptosis Induced by Amyloid Beta-Peptide in Post-mitotic Cortical Neurons
AbstractAmyloid beta-peptide (A β), the neurotoxic component of senile plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains, is known to trigger cell cycle reentry in post-mitotic neurons followed by apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, we have reported that Aβs stimulate the expression of inhibitor of differentiation-1 (Id1) to induce sonic hedgehog (SHH) (Hung et al.,Mol Neurobiol 53(2):793 –809, 2016), and both are mitogens capable of triggering cell cycle progression. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that Aβ-induced Id1 and SHH contribute to cell cycle reentry leading to apoptosis ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Suppression of Disheveled –Axin Domain Containing 1 (DIXDC1) by MicroRNA-186 Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of Retinoblastoma Cells
In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological function of DIDXDC1 in RB and the way in which its expression is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). We foun d that DIXDC1 expression was significantly upregulated in RB cell lines. The silencing of DIXDC1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and Wnt signaling in RB cell lines. Interestingly, DIXDC1 was identified as a target gene of miR-186. The expression of DIXDC1 was negatively regulated by miR-186, and DIXDC1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-186 expression in RB clinical specimens. Overexpression of miR-186 ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - December 20, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Hypoxia promotes invasion of retinoblastoma cells in vitro by upregulating HIF-1 α/MMP9 signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: Hypoxia promotes retinoblastoma cell line HXO-RB44 invasion by activating HIF-1α/MMP9 signaling pathway. PMID: 29243776 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - December 17, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Insights on ornithine decarboxylase silencing as a potential strategy for targeting retinoblastoma
Publication date: February 2018 Source:Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 98 Author(s): Sivashanmugam Muthukumaran, Renganathan Bhuvanasundar, Vetrivel Umashankar, K.N. Sulochana Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) is a key enzyme involved in polyamine synthesis and is reported to be up regulated in several cancers. However, the effect of ODC gene silencing in retinoblastoma is to be understood for utilization in therapeutic applications. Hence, in this study, a novel siRNA (small interference RNA) targeting ODC was designed and validated in Human Y79 retinoblastoma cells for its effects on intracellular polyamine le...
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - December 12, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research