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Total 180 results found since Jan 2013.

Mechano signaling pathways in an experimental intensive critical illness myopathy model.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 26990577 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - March 16, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Kalamgi RC, Salah H, Gastaldello S, Martinez-Redondo V, Ruas J, Fury W, Bai Y, Gromada J, Sartori R, Guttridge DC, Sandri M, Larsson L Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

Mechanical Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Critical Illness Myopathy
Rebeca C. Kalamgi, Lars Larsson
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 13, 2016 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Myocyte repolarization modulates myocardial function in aging dogs.
nversa P, Hintze TH, Rota M Abstract Studies of myocardial aging are complex and the mechanisms involved in the deterioration of ventricular performance and decreased functional reserve of the old heart remain to be properly defined. We have studied a colony of Beagle dogs from 3 to 14 years of age kept under a highly regulated environment to define the effects of aging on the myocardium. Ventricular, myocardial and myocyte function, together with anatomical and structural properties of the organ and cardiomyocytes, were evaluated. Ventricular hypertrophy was not observed with aging and the structural composition ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - January 22, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Sorrentino A, Signore S, Qanud K, Borghetti G, Meo M, Cannata A, Zhou Y, Wybieralska E, Luciani M, Kannappan R, Zhang E, Matsuda A, Webster A, Cimini M, Kertowidjojo E, D'Alessandro DA, Wunimenghe O, Michler RE, Royer CM, Goichberg P, Leri A, Barrett EG, Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Myoglobin and the Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex IV.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 26584944 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - November 20, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Yamada T, Takakura H, Jue T, Hashimoto T, Ishizawa R, Furuichi Y, Kato Y, Iwanaka N, Masuda K Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

The Biochemistry and Physiology of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation and Its Genetic Disorders.
Abstract Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is the major pathway for the degradation of fatty acids and is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis in the human body. Fatty acids are a crucial energy source in the postabsorptive and fasted states when glucose supply is limiting. But even when glucose is abundantly available, FAO is a main energy source for the heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. A series of enzymes, transporters, and other facilitating proteins are involved in FAO. Recessively inherited defects are known for most of the genes encoding these proteins. The clinical presentation of these...
Source: Annual Review of Physiology - October 14, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Houten SM, Violante S, Ventura FV, Wanders RJ Tags: Annu Rev Physiol Source Type: research

Aging Effects on Cardiac Progenitor Cell Physiology.
Authors: Rota M, Goichberg P, Anversa P, Leri A Abstract Cardiac aging has been confounded by the concept that the heart is a postmitotic organ characterized by a predetermined number of myocytes, which is established at birth and largely preserved throughout life until death of the organ and organism. Based on this premise, the age of cardiac cells should coincide with that of the organism; at any given time, the heart would be composed of a homogeneous population of myocytes of identical age. The discovery that stem cells reside in the heart and generate cardiac cell lineages has imposed a reconsideration of the ...
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - October 3, 2015 Category: Physiology Tags: Compr Physiol Source Type: research

Dysferlin deficiency blunts β-adrenergic dependent lusitropic function of mouse heart.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 26415898 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - September 29, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Wei B, Wei H, Jin JP Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

The Sick and the Weak: Neuropathies/Myopathies in the Critically Ill
Critical illness polyneuropathies (CIP) and myopathies (CIM) are common complications of critical illness. Several weakness syndromes are summarized under the term intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW). We propose a classification of different ICUAW forms (CIM, CIP, sepsis-induced, steroid-denervation myopathy) and pathophysiological mechanisms from clinical and animal model data. Triggers include sepsis, mechanical ventilation, muscle unloading, steroid treatment, or denervation. Some ICUAW forms require stringent diagnostic features; CIM is marked by membrane hypoexcitability, severe atrophy, preferential myosin ...
Source: Physiological Reviews - July 1, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Friedrich, O., Reid, M. B., Van den Berghe, G., Vanhorebeek, I., Hermans, G., Rich, M. M., Larsson, L. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

The Sick and the Weak: Neuropathies/Myopathies in the Critically Ill.
Abstract Critical illness polyneuropathies (CIP) and myopathies (CIM) are common complications of critical illness. Several weakness syndromes are summarized under the term intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW). We propose a classification of different ICUAW forms (CIM, CIP, sepsis-induced, steroid-denervation myopathy) and pathophysiological mechanisms from clinical and animal model data. Triggers include sepsis, mechanical ventilation, muscle unloading, steroid treatment, or denervation. Some ICUAW forms require stringent diagnostic features; CIM is marked by membrane hypoexcitability, severe atrophy, pr...
Source: Physiological Reviews - July 1, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Friedrich O, Reid MB, Van den Berghe G, Vanhorebeek I, Hermans G, Rich MM, Larsson L Tags: Physiol Rev Source Type: research

Heat treatment inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy of glucocorticoid-induced myopathy in rats.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of heat treatment on glucocorticoid (GC)-induced myopathy. Eight-week-old Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control, Dex, and Dex + Heat groups. Dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously 6 days per week for 2 weeks in the Dex and Dex + Heat group. In the Dex + Heat group, heat treatment was performed by immersing hindlimbs in water at 42°C for 60 min, once every 3 days for 2 weeks. The extensor digitorum longus muscle was extracted following 2 weeks of experimentation. In the Dex + Heat group, muscle fiber diameter, capillary/mu...
Source: Physiological Research - June 5, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Morimoto Y, Kondo Y, Kataoka H, Honda Y, Kozu R, Sakamoto J, Nakano J, Origuchi T, Yoshimura T, Okita M Tags: Physiol Res Source Type: research

Contractile function and energy metabolism of skeletal muscle in rats with secondary carnitine deficiency.
In conclusion, myopathy associated with carnitine deficiency can have different causes. While muscle atrophy, most likely due to increased apoptosis, is predominant in muscle composed predominantly of type I fibers (soleus), disturbance of energy metabolism appears to be the major cause in muscle composed of type II fibers (EDL). PMID: 26037247 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - June 2, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Roberts PA, Bouitbir J, Bonifacio A, Singh F, Kaufmann P, Urwyler A, Krahenbuhl S Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Prevention of statin-induced myopathy - do not stop physical activity.
PMID: 25871562 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - April 15, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Sanchis-Gomar F, Pareja-Galeano H, Lucia A Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

Uremic myopathy: is oxidative stress implicated in muscle dysfunction in uremia?
Antonia Kaltsatou, Giorgos K. Sakkas, Konstantina Poulianiti, Yiannis Koutedakis, Grigorios Christodoulidis, Konstantinos Tepetes, Ioannis Stefanidis and Christina Karatzaferi
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 31, 2015 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) deletion from adipocytes, but not skeletal myocytes, impairs acute exercise performance in mice.
Abstract Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating triacylglycerol hydrolysis in virtually all cells including adipocytes and skeletal myocytes and, hence, plays a critical role in mobilization fatty acids. Global ATGL deficiency promotes skeletal myopathy and exercise intolerance in mice and humans, however the tissue-specific contribution to these phenotypes remains unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the relative contribution of adipocyte versus skeletal myocyte ATGL-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis to acute exercise performance. To achieve this goal, we generated ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 17, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Dube JJ, Sitnick MT, Schoiswohl G, Wills RC, Basantani MK, Cai L, Pulinilkunnil T, Kershaw EE Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Effects of Exercise Training on Neurovascular Control and Skeletal Myopathy in Systolic Heart Failure.
Abstract Neurohormonal excitation and dyspnea are the hallmarks of heart failure (HF) and have long been associated with poor prognosis in HF patients. Sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxide (VE/VO(2)) are elevated in moderate HF patients, and increased even further in severe HF patients. The increase in SNA in HF patients is present regardless of age, gender, and etiology of systolic dysfunction. Neurohormonal activation is the major mediator of the peripheral vasoconstriction characteristic of HF patients. In addition, reduction in peripheral blood flow increases muscle inf...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Negrao CE, Middlekauff HR, Gomes-Santos IL, Antunes-Correa LM Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research