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Total 180 results found since Jan 2013.

Single fibre cytoarchitecture in ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) assessed by quantitative morphometry second harmonic generation imaging: Positive effects of BGP-15 chaperone co-inducer and VBP-15 dissociative corticosteroid treatment
Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is a common sequela of intensive care unit (ICU) treatment requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) and neuromuscular blockade (NMBA). It is characterised by diaphragm weakness, prolonged respirator weaning and adverse outcomes. Dissociative glucocorticoids (e.g., vamorolone, VBP-15) and chaperone co-inducers (e.g., BGP-15) previously showed positive effects in an ICU-rat model. In limb muscle critical illness myopathy, preferential myosin loss prevails, while myofibrillar protein post-translational modifications are more dominant in VIDD. It is not known whether the marked decl...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Skeletal muscle single fiber force production declines early in juvenile male mice with chronic kidney disease
Juvenile mice with early-stage CKD display reduced single fiber contractile function. Cellular force production is lower primarily due to less strongly bound myosin-actin cross-bridges. Additionally, myosin-actin cross-bridge kinetics slow in myosin heavy chain IIA fibers. AbstractChildren with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently exhibit delayed physical development and reduced physical performance, presumably due to skeletal muscle dysfunction. However, the cellular and molecular basis of skeletal muscle impairment in juvenile CKD remains poorly understood. Cellular (single fiber) and molecular (myosin-actin interacti...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Brent A. Momb, Edwin Patino, Oleh M. Akchurin, Mark S. Miller Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Neurocirculatory Regulation and Adaptations to Exercise in Chronic Kidney Disease
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 Mar 31. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00115.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by pronounced exercise intolerance and exaggerated blood pressure reactivity during exercise. Classic mechanisms of exercise intolerance in CKD have been extensively described previously and include uremic myopathy, chronic inflammation, malnutrition, and anemia. We contend that these classic mechanisms only partially explain the exercise intolerance experienced in CKD, and that alterations in cardiovascular and autonomic regulation also play a key contributing role. Th...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 31, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Justin D Sprick Jinhee Jeong Jeann L Sabino-Carvalho Sabrina Li Jeanie Park Source Type: research

Skeletal muscle dysfunctions in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Effects of aerobic exercise training
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with skeletal muscle myopathy and atrophy and impaired exercise tolerance. Aerobic exercise training has been recommended as a non-pharmacological therapy for deleterious effects imposed by pulmonary arterial hypertension. Aerobic physical training induces skeletal muscle adaptations via reduced inflammation, improved anabolic processes, decreased hypoxia and regulation of mitochondrial function. These benefits improve physical exertion tolerance and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 23, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

PTEN ‐AKT pathway attenuates apoptosis and adverse remodeling in ponatinib‐induced skeletal muscle toxicity following BMP‐7 treatment
BMP-7 attenuates ponatinib-induced muscle toxicity via PTEN-AKT pathway. The figure describes the mechanisms of ponatinib-induced muscle toxicity. AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including ponatinib are commonly used to treat cancer patients. Unfortunately, TKIs induce cardiac as well as skeletal muscle dysfunction as a side effect. Therefore, detailed mechanistic studies are required to understand its pathogenesis and to develop a therapeutic treatment. The current study was undertaken to examine whether ponatinib induces apoptosis and apoptotic mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo models and furthermore to test...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 22, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ayushi Srivastava, Dinender K. Singla Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Unexplained dyspnea linked to mitochondrial myopathy following military deployment to Southwest Asia and Afghanistan
AbstractWe identified a case of probable mitochondrial myopathy (MM) in a soldier with dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) following Southwest Asia (SWA) deployment. Muscle biopsy showed myopathic features. We compared demographic, occupational exposure, and clinical characteristics in symptomatic military deployers with and without probable MM diagnosed by CPET criteria. We evaluated 235 symptomatic military personnel who deployed to SWA and/or Afghanistan between 2010 and 2021. Of these, 168 underwent cycle ergometer maximal CPET with an indwelling arterial line. We defi...
Source: Physiological Reports - January 25, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Claudia Daniela Onofrei, Eva Brigitte Gottschall, Lauren Zell ‐Baran, Cecile Stephanie Rose, Richard Kraus, Kathy Pang, Silpa Dhoma Krefft Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Integrated metabolomics and lipidomics evaluate the alterations of flavor precursors in chicken breast muscle with white striping symptom
White striping (WS) is the most common myopathy in the broiler chicken industry. To reveal flavor changes of WS meat objectively, flavor precursors of WS breast muscle were evaluated systematically with integrated metabolomics and lipidomics. The results showed that WS could be distinguished from normal controls by E-nose, and four volatile compounds (o-xylene, benzene, 1,3-dimethyl, 2-heptanone and 6-methyl and Acetic acid and ethyl ester) were detected as decreased compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Lipidomic analysis showed that WS breast fillets featured increased neutral lipid (83.8%) and decreased pho...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 18, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

A vascular smooth muscle-specific integrin- α8 Cre mouse for lymphatic contraction studies that allows male-female comparisons and avoids visceral myopathy
Discussion: Our results demonstrate that Itga8-CreERT2 can be used to effectively delete genes in lymphatic smooth muscle while avoiding potentially lethal visceral myopathy and allowing comparative studies of lymphatic contractile function in both male and female mice.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 12, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Disrupted T-tubular network accounts for asynchronous calcium release in MTM1 deficient skeletal muscle
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:36408764 | DOI:10.1113/JP283650
Source: The Journal of Physiology - November 21, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Peter Szentesi Beatrix Dienes Candice Kutchukian Tamas Czirjak Ana Buj-Bello Vincent Jacquemond Laszlo Csernoch Source Type: research

Case report: Personalized adapted motor activity in a COVID-19 patient complicated by critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy
Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of AMA for counteracting respiratory, metabolic, and functional but not neuromuscular impairments in COVID-19 patients with residual CIM and CIP.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 17, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research