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Total 37 results found since Jan 2013.

Is there evidence for a noisy computation deficit in developmental dyslexia?
The noisy computation hypothesis of developmental dyslexia (DD) is particularly appealing because it can explain deficits across a variety of domains, such as temporal, auditory, phonological, visual and attentional processes. A key prediction is that noisy computations lead to more variable and less stable word representations. A way to test this hypothesis is through repetition of words, that is, when there is noise in the system, the neural signature of repeated stimuli should be more variable. The hypothesis was tested in an functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment with dyslexic and typical readers by repeating...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - September 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neural patterns of word processing differ in children with dyslexia and isolated spelling deficit
AbstractThere is an ongoing debate concerning the extent to which deficits in reading and spelling share cognitive components and whether they rely, in a similar fashion, on sublexical and lexical pathways of word processing. The present study investigates whether the neural substrates of word processing differ in children with various patterns of reading and spelling deficits. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we compared written and auditory processing in three groups of 9 –13-year olds (N = 104): (1) with age-adequate reading and spelling skills; (2) with reading and spelling deficits (i.e., dyslexia); ...
Source: Anatomy and Embryology - May 4, 2021 Category: Anatomy Source Type: research

Brain metastasis from extramammary Paget's disease.
Authors: Hanyu T, Fujitani S, Ito A, Mizutani N Abstract Herein, we present a case of extramammary Paget's disease with brain metastasis that was diagnosed pathologically for the first time in Japan. Moreover, invasive extramammary Paget's disease (with distant metastasis) highly resistant to treatment. Only for brain metastasis, we may control the tumor by surgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRT) for the treatment of intracranial metastases was assessed. An 76-year-old man was diagnosed with extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva at nearby hospital. Surgical resection and sentinel lymph node disse...
Source: Nagoya Journal of Medical Science - December 15, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Nagoya J Med Sci Source Type: research

Myelin Water Imaging Demonstrates Lower Brain Myelination in Children and Adolescents With Poor Reading Ability
In this study, MWF MRI, intelligence, and reading assessments were acquired in 20 participants aged 10–18 years with a wide range of reading ability to investigate the relationship between reading ability and myelination. Group comparisons showed markedly lower MWF by 16–69% in poor readers relative to good readers in the left and right thalamus, as well as the left posterior limb of the internal capsule, left/right anterior limb of the internal capsule, left/right centrum semiovale, and splenium of the corpus callosum. MWF over the entire group also correlated positively with three different reading scores in the bila...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - October 16, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Study of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in children and adolescents with specific learning disorder (dyslexia).
CONCLUSION: This study shows that participants with dyslexia fail to use normal brain regions specialized in language processing, but rather use different areas. PMID: 32086175 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry - February 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Asian J Psychiatr Source Type: research

Altered visual character and object recognition in Japanese-speaking adolescents with developmental dyslexia
Publication date: Available online 17 February 2020Source: Neuroscience LettersAuthor(s): Hiroki Higuchi, Sunao Iwaki, Akira UnoAbstractMany studies have confirmed a brain dysfunction in people with developmental dyslexia (DD) in certain brain regions, including the left superior temporal gyrus and the left fusiform gyrus. However, the neurobiological substrates in Japanese-speaking people with dyslexia are not fully understood, mostly due to the uniqueness of the orthographic systems. Since a substantial part of the written Japanese includes the logographic Kanji as well as the phonographic Kana systems, the reading disab...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - February 18, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The emergence of dyslexia in the developing brain
Publication date: Available online 12 February 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Ulrike Kuhl, Nicole E. Neef, Indra Kraft, Gesa Schaadt, Liane Dörr, Jens Brauer, Ivonne Czepezauer, Bent Müller, Arndt Wilcke, Holger Kirsten, Frank Emmrich, Johannes Boltze, Angela D. Friederici, Michael A. SkeideAbstractDevelopmental dyslexia, a severe deficit in literacy learning, is a neurodevelopmental learning disorder. Yet, it is not clear whether existing neurobiological accounts of dyslexia capture potential predispositions of the deficit or consequences of reduced reading experience. Here, we longitudinally followed 32 children from...
Source: NeuroImage - February 13, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

An audiovisual integration deficit underlies reading failure in nontransparent writing systems: An fMRI study of Chinese children with dyslexia
This study, for the first time, illustrates the neural mechanisms of the audiovisual integration deficit in dyslexia in a nontransparent logographic writing system, extending our understanding of the neural basis of dyslexia.
Source: Journal of Neurolinguistics - December 2, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research

Auditory gating in adults with dyslexia: An ERP account of diminished rapid neural adaptation.
CONCLUSIONS: Neural adaptation occurs by approximately 100 ms after stimulus presentation and is diminished in adults with dyslexia. This complements fMRI findings of relevant brain regions by implying a time window representing sensory and pre-attentive auditory processes. SIGNIFICANCE: The association between gating magnitude and word discrimination contributes to a neurophysiological account of underspecified word representations. PMID: 31451333 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Peter B, McCollum H, Daliri A, Panagiotides H Tags: Clin Neurophysiol Source Type: research

Morphological and Whole-Word Semantic Processing Are Distinct: Event Related Potentials Evidence From Spoken Word Recognition in Chinese
In conclusion, the present study provides electrophysiological evidence of the dissociation of morphological and whole-word semantic processing in Chinese spoken word processing. The results identified a central-anterior morphological N400 effect when morphemic meaning conflicts with whole-word semantics, in addition to a classic semantic N400 effect with significantly reduced amplitude in central-parietal areas. Our results also showed that the morphological N400 effect is negatively correlated with reading ability. These results demonstrate the important role of morphological processing in Chinese spoken word recognition...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 16, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research