• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Metabolic Control of Dendritic Cell Functions: Digesting Information
In conclusion, a delicate balance of the complex system of nutrient sensing and mTOR (mTORC1) signaling is crucial to ensure appropriate development of DCs (23). Strikingly, loss of both mTOR complexes results in opposite effects on in vivo DC development compared with loss of mTORC1 alone, probably indicating differential inhibition of mTOR downstream targets and collaboration of mTOR complexes. Indeed, DC loss upon TSC1 deficiency is accompanied by increased DC apoptosis and enhanced metabolic activity due to TSC1-dependent inhibition of Myc, an effector downstream of mTOR (Figure 1), and reversed upon Myc loss (35). Of ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 24, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Editorial: Shaping of Human Immune System and Metabolic Processes by Viruses and Microorganisms
Conclusions In conclusion, articles in this Research Topic made a very significant contribution to our understanding of the role played by environmental factors, dysbiotic conditions, and infections in triggering diseases. Since this is a rapidly expanding area of research, many other factors contributing to the onset of these diseases are not covered here. We are confident, however, that further studies will expand the list as well as bring a better understanding of mechanisms involved in the onset of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Author Contributions All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and i...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Contribution of Non-immune Cells to Activation and Modulation of the Intestinal Inflammation
Conclusions As the intestinal mucosa surface constitutes the major surface of the body which is in direct contact with the outer environment, intestinal immune homeostasis must be accurately regulated. The interplay between commensal microbiota, intestinal stromal cells, and the mucosal immune system components should guarantee the intestinal homeostasis to avoid a sustained inflammation that could induce tissue damage. However, several factors can lead to inflammation through homeostasis breakdown. Figure 1 summarizes the main points that have been reviewed here. We have described what it is known so far about the role o...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Innate Lymphoid Cells in Helminth Infections —Obligatory or Accessory?
Conclusion ILC2s are clearly an inherent feature of the immune response to helminth infection, and in all probability their evolution has been driven by the threat of parasites. While in experimental model systems they are not always found to be essential, they are often center stage, particularly in the early phases of infection of each helminth system so far analyzed. They also form an important conceptual and mechanistic link with the allergic response that will allow us to understand in more detail the genesis and control of allergic disorders. In this respect, a much fuller analysis of ILC biology and function in the...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Pivotal Role of Regulatory T Cells in the Regulation of Innate Immune Cells
This study was provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Manitoba Health Research Council. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References 1. Sprent J, Kishimoto H. The thymus and central tolerance. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. (2001) 356:609–16. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2001.0846 PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar 2. Sakaguchi S, Wing K, Miyara M. Regulatory T cells - a brief history and perspective...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 8, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Clinical Spectrum of Patients with Pathogenic Variant of STAT3 conferring Gain-of-Function: A Mimic of Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by defective fas-mediated apoptosis. Patients often present in childhood with lymphoproliferation, splenomegaly and multilineage cytopenias (Price et al. Natural history of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome associated with FAS gene mutations. Blood 2014). Though mutations in the FAS gene account for the majority of cases, an estimated 20% of patients who have no defined genetic cause are classified as ALPS-U (Shah et al. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: an update and review of the literature. Current allergy and asthma reports 20...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Constantine, G., Su, H., Folio, L., Milner, J., Rao, V. K. Tags: 203. Lymphocytes, Lymphocyte Activation, and Immunodeficiency, including HIV and Other Infections: Poster III Source Type: research

What is DIOS?
Discussion Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor (CFTR). It is found in the epithelium of the bronchi, intestine, pancreatic duct and biliary tree. It regulates chloride, bicarbonate and water secretion. The heterozygous state helps prevent against secretory diarrhea, but the homozygous state causes thickened secretions in the hollow tubes of the lungs and digestive tract. There are multiple mutations (> 2000) which have been currently classified into classes depending on their protein production and activity. CF patients generally are l...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 18, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Effects of Coal Fly Ash Particulate Matter on the Antimicrobial Activity of Airway Surface Liquid
Conclusion: We propose that when CFA arrives at the airway, it rapidly adsorbs AMPs and creates negative complexes, thereby decreasing the functional amount of AMPs capable of killing pathogens. These results provide a novel translational insight into an early mechanism for how ambient PM increases the susceptibility of the airways to bacterial infection. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP876 Received: 27 July 2016 Revised: 30 December 2016 Accepted: 19 January 2017 Published: 05 July 2017 Address correspondence to A. P. Comellas, 6312 Pappajohn Biomedical Discovery Building. Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa, USA, 52242; Teleph...
Source: EHP Research - July 6, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Blue after splenectomy
We present a 51 year old, African American, female who presented with persistent hypoxemia. She had been taking dapsone for many years for prophylaxis against Pneumocystic Jiroveci with no symptoms but eventually developed methemoglobinemia only after a splenectomy. From our literature review there are no documented cases that have demonstrated this relationship between dapsone, splenic function and methemoglobin and we hope to share our perplexing case and shed light on the interaction. Description Our patient has type 1 diabetes and underwent multiple pancreas transplants and an initial kidney transplant during her disea...
Source: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports - May 10, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

What 5 Nurses Keep In Their Medicine Cabinets
Snooping inside a medicine cabinet while using the bathroom during a party is a particular guilty pleasure.  What eye cream does your host use? What kinds of medications are they on? It’s natural to be curious and often, you’re comparing the regimens of acquaintances to your own. For example, do you have the same emergency first aid stash?   If you’re snooping inside the medicine cabinet of a nurse, you might feel the strong urge to copy what you see. In this case, HuffPost has done the peeking for you: Among the nurses contacted for this story, over-the-counter painkillers, bandages and to...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - May 12, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Obesity and Diabetes: Is Your Gut in Control?
LISTEN HERE: By Drs. David Niesel and Norbert Herzog, Medical Discovery News Your body is like a forest, providing a home to microscopic flora and fauna. In fact, your body is home to up to 100 times more microbes than your own cells, which make up your microbiome. While we provide them residence, these microbes help us out by providing a first line of defense against disease trying to invade our bodies, even breaking down food during digestion and producing vitamins. Now, the microbes that live in the digestive tract are helping us understand diabetes better. According to the Human Microbiome Project sponsored by the Nati...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - December 21, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news