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In their most recent book, doyens of medical education Linda de Cossart and Della Fish continue to respond to the erosion of professionalism and loss of meaning that doctors have arguably experienced in recent years. In the current work, they propose the idea of Transformative Reflection, tracing the history of narrative reflection from Dewey to Schon and beyond, but arguing for something deeper that finds its roots in the notion that “training” does not equate to education. Their aim is reflection of our “very being” as doctors, rather than simply narratives attached to particular events in time, helping “to ens...
Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - December 4, 2020 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Ross Elledge Tags: Book review Source Type: research

Developmental PBDE Exposure and IQ/ADHD in Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusion: We concluded there was sufficient evidence supporting an association between developmental PBDE exposure and reduced IQ. Preventing developmental exposure to PBDEs could help prevent loss of human intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1632 Received: 16 January 2017 Revised: 28 April 2017 Accepted: 28 April 2017 Published: 03 August 2017 Address correspondence to J. Lam, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, Mail Stop 0132, 550 16th St., 7th floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Telephone: (415) 476-3219. Email: Juleen.Lam@ucsf.edu Supplemental Materi...
Source: EHP Research - August 3, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Review Source Type: research

Early-Life Phthalate Exposure and Adiposity at 8 Years of Age
Conclusion: In this cohort, we did not find evidence of an obesogenic effect of prenatal phthalate exposure. Positive associations between postnatal MEP and ∑DEHP concentrations depended on the timing of exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1022 Received: 29 August 2016 Revised: 17 February 2017 Accepted: 28 February 2017 Published: 11 September 2017 Address Correspondence to J.R. Shoaff, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Email: jessica_shoaff@brown.edu Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1022). The authors declare they have no actual...
Source: EHP Research - September 11, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Brain Citrullination Patterns and T Cell Reactivity of Cerebrospinal Fluid-Derived CD4+ T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
We report many of them for the first time. For the already described citrullinated proteins MBP, GFAP, and vimentin, we could identify additional citrullinated sites. The number of modified proteins in MS white matter was higher than control tissue. Citrullinated peptides are considered neoepitopes that may trigger autoreactivity. We used newly identified epitopes and previously reported immunodominant myelin peptides in their citrullinated and non-citrullinated form to address the recognition of CSF-infiltrating CD4+ T cells from 22 MS patients by measuring proliferation and IFN-γ secretion. We did not detect ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Tracking Trachoma: How The Gambia Is Eliminating an Ancient Disease
PDF Version (4.5 MB) About This Article About This Article Supplemental Material Published: 11 December 2017 Note to readers with disabilities: EHP strives to ensure that all journal content is accessible to all readers. However, some figures and Supplemental Material published in EHP articles may not conform to 508 standards due to the complexity of the information being presented. If you need assistance accessing journal content, please contact ehponline@niehs.nih.gov. Our staff will work with you to assess and meet your accessibility needs within 3 working days. Published: 11 December 2017 Note to reade...
Source: EHP Research - December 12, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Focus Source Type: research

Surveillance and Genomics of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 From Fish, Phytoplankton and Water in Lake Victoria, Tanzania
This study reports the occurrence of multidrug resistant V. cholerae O1 in Lake Victoria that are genetically closely related to recent pandemic strains in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. The strains identified are also closely related to older pandemic strains recovered in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and Tanzania up until 1993, suggesting a long-term persistence and wide spatial distribution of pandemic strains within the region with the lake serving as a reservoir. These environmental isolates likely emerged from previous cholera outbreaks and survived in the lake environment for decades through various relatio...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children from the Spanish INMA Birth Cohort Study
Conclusions: We observed little or no evidence of associations between low prenatal PFAS exposures and outcomes related to cardiometabolic risk in a cohort of Spanish children followed from birth until 7 y. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1330 Received: 07 November 2016 Revised: 13 July 2017 Accepted: 21 July 2017 Published: 20 September 2017 Address correspondence to C. B. Manzano-Salgado, ISGlobal–Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader, 8808003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Phone: +34 932 147 314. Email: cyntia.manzano@isglobal.org Supplemental Material is available online (https://d...
Source: EHP Research - September 20, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

News at a glance: Weather radar, solar energy beamed from space, and an ode to Europa
MATH Tweak of shape clinches discovery of nonrepeating tiling This time it’s final: Mathematicians have found a single shape for an abstract 2D tile that, in theory, can cover an infinite plane without leaving any gaps and without producing a repeating pattern. The first such “aperiodic tiling” was discovered in the 1960s and comprised 104 different shapes. In 1977, famed British mathematician Roger Penrose discovered two shapes that could do the trick. Then in March, David Smith, a hobbyist in England, and colleagues produced an aperiodic tiling using a single 13-sided shape they called a “hat.” B...
Source: ScienceNOW - June 8, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion: To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774 Received: 16 February 2017 Revised: 22 May 2017 Accepted: 24 May 2017 Published: 22 August 2017 Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

How Climate Change is Clobbering Kids ’ Health
Let’s pretend the 195 nations that signed the 2016 Paris Climate Accord really do take all of the steps necessary to reach the agreement’s key goal: limiting the increase in global temperature to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. In that world, any children born today would grow up to witness some happy milestones. If they lived in the United Kingdom, they’d see their country phase out the use of coal by the time they turned six. If they lived in France, they would see gasoline-powered cars eliminated by their 21st birthday. And, as all of the 195 countries similarly reached their individual targets,...
Source: TIME: Health - November 13, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jeffrey Kluger Tags: Uncategorized Children climate change embargoed study Environment global warming health Source Type: news

News at a glance: Tracking gravitational waves, a Moon rover, and the ‘best fossil hunter’
ASTRONOMY Speedy scopes to spy gravitational wave sources Researchers last week reached the midpoint in building a pair of observatories designed to pinpoint the location of cataclysmic events sensed by gravitational wave detectors so that other astronomers can quickly zoom in on the aftermath. The Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO) uses two sets of 16 small telescopes, one in the Canary Islands—now operational—and one in Australia, whose construction has just started. They will swing into action automatically when gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitati...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - July 28, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Proteomic Analysis and Virulence Assessment of Granulicatella adiacens Secretome
In conclusion, we unraveled the secretome of G. adiacens, an oral bacterium well-documented in infective endocarditis, but also recently shown to be involved in oral infections. Importantly, the secretome of G. adiacens comprised of a large number of putative virulence factors. Of particular importance is the finding that the G. adiacens secretome comprised of a number of “moonlighting” proteins, which in other species are shown to enhance bacterial colonization and virulence through their multifunctional roles (Pavkova et al., 2017; Graf et al., 2019). Thus, our results provide a basis for investigating th...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Nature Contact and Human Health: A Research Agenda
Conclusions: Nature contact may offer a range of human health benefits. Although much evidence is already available, much remains unknown. A robust research effort, guided by a focus on key unanswered questions, has the potential to yield high-impact, consequential public health insights. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1663 Received: 26 January 2017 Revised: 12 May 2017 Accepted: 25 May 2017 Published: 31 July 2017 Address correspondence to H. Frumkin, Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Box 354695, Seattle, WA 98195-4695 USA; Telephone: 206-897-1723;...
Source: EHP Research - July 31, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Genomic Characterization of Arcobacter butzleri Isolated From Shellfish: Novel Insight Into Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Determinants
Conclusion Genomic analyses herein performed allowed us to confirm the recently (Pérez-Cataluña et al., 2018a,b) suggested amendment of A. butzleri as Al. butzlerii, comb. nov. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests defined Ab 55 and Ab 6V strains as resistant to vancomycin, tetracyclin, nalidixic acid (only Ab 55 whereas Ab 6V is intermediate resistant), erythromycin, and β-lactam antibiotics. Moreover, in our strains isolated from shellfish, we identified numerous virulence, antibiotic, and heavy metal resistance determinants, also additional to those previously found in the genome sequenced A. butzler...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research