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CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Scoring Systems for Predicting Atrial Fibrillation following Cardiac Valve Surgery
by Liang Yin, Xinyu Ling, Yufeng Zhang, Hua Shen, Jie Min, Wang Xi, Jing Wang, Zhinong Wang Objective Clinical use of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scoring systems for predicting AF following cardiac surgery have been reported in previous studies and demonstrated well-validated predictive value. We sought to investigate whether the two scoring systems are effective for predicting new-onset of AF following cardiac valve surgery and to demonstrate its potential utility of clinical assessment. Methods Medical records of all patients underwent cardiac valve surgeries during the period of January 2003 and December 2013 without preope...
Source: PLoS One - April 7, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liang Yin et al. Source Type: research

Characteristics, complications, and gaps in evidence-based interventions in rheumatic heart disease: the Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry (the REMEDY study)
Conclusion Rheumatic heart disease patients were young, predominantly female, and had high prevalence of major cardiovascular complications. There is suboptimal utilization of secondary antibiotic prophylaxis, oral anti-coagulation, and contraception, and variations in the use of percutaneous and surgical interventions by country income level.
Source: European Heart Journal - May 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zuhlke, L., Engel, M. E., Karthikeyan, G., Rangarajan, S., Mackie, P., Cupido, B., Mauff, K., Islam, S., Joachim, A., Daniels, R., Francis, V., Ogendo, S., Gitura, B., Mondo, C., Okello, E., Lwabi, P., Al-Kebsi, M. M., Hugo-Hamman, C., Sheta, S. S., Haile Tags: Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Bypass surgery an “uncommon” cause of memory loss, cognitive decline
Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) offers a new lease on life for thousands of people each year whose hearts aren’t getting the blood they need to work properly. But it has also been blamed for “brain fog,” a loss of memory and thinking skills that follows the procedure in some people. Such brain problems are often called cognitive impairment. The operation itself may not be to blame, according to a review in today’s Annals of Internal Medicine. For the review, a team of researchers—mostly from the U. S. Department of Veteran’s Affairs—synthesized data from 17 clinical trials and four w...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - July 22, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Howard LeWine, M.D. Tags: Heart Health bypass surgery Coronary artery bypass surgery memory loss Source Type: news

Artificial aortic valve dysfunction due to pannus and thrombus - different methods of cardiac surgical management.
CONCLUSIONS: Precise and modern diagnostic methods facilitated selection of the treatment method. However, the intraoperative view also seems to be crucial in individualizing the surgical approach. PMID: 26702274 [PubMed]
Source: Polish Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - January 20, 2016 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Tags: Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated With Long-Term Warfarin Anticoagulation Have Higher Rates of All Dementia Types Compared With Patients Receiving Long-Term Warfarin for Other Indications Cardiovascular Surgery
Conclusions The presence of AF significantly increases risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, compared with matched patients receiving warfarin anticoagulation for other reasons. Quality of anticoagulation management remains an important risk factor for dementia in all patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bunch, T. J., May, H. T., Bair, T. L., Crandall, B. G., Cutler, M. J., Day, J. D., Jacobs, V., Mallender, C., Osborn, J. S., Stevens, S. M., Weiss, J. P., Woller, S. C. Tags: Arrhythmias, Electrophysiology, Atrial Fibrillation Cardiovascular Surgery Source Type: research

Assessing Optimal Blood Pressure in Patients with Asymptomatic Aortic Valve Stenosis: The SEAS Study.
CONCLUSIONS: -Optimal BP seems to be systolic 130-139 mmHg and diastolic 70-90 mmHg in these patients with asymptomatic AS and no manifest atherosclerotic disease or diabetes. Clinical Trial Registration-http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00092677. PMID: 27486164 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - August 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nielsen OW, Sajadieh A, Sabbah M, Greve AM, Olsen MH, Boman K, Nienaber CA, Kesäniemi YA, Pedersen TR, Willenheimer R, Wachtell K Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

The Challenge of Timing Surgery in Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Is B-Type Natriuretic Peptide the Solution? ∗
Degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) with prolapse or flail of mitral leaflets has become the most frequent cause of severe primary MR in Europe and North America (1,2). In its chronic stage, even severe MR is tolerated very well for a surprisingly long time, and patients may remain asymptomatic for years. During this compensated stage of disease, pre-load, afterload, and both contractility and ejection fraction of the left ventricle (LV) remain normal, and the total stroke volume is increased as a result of the compensatory enlargement of the end-diastolic LV volume, which is enabled by an adaptive process of the LV myo...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - September 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated With Long-Term Warfarin Anticoagulation Have Higher Rates of All Dementia Types Compared With Patients Receiving Long-Term Warfarin for Other Indications Cardiovascular Surgery
BackgroundThe mechanisms behind the association of atrial fibrillation (AF) and dementia are unknown. We previously found a significantly increased risk of dementia in AF patients taking warfarin with a low percentage of time in therapeutic range. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which AF itself increases dementia risk, in addition to long‐term anticoagulation exposure.Methods and ResultsA total of 10 537 patients anticoagulated with warfarin (target INR 2–3), managed by the Clinical Pharmacist Anticoagulation Service with no history of dementia were included. Warfarin indication was for AF (n=...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bunch, T. J., May, H. T., Bair, T. L., Crandall, B. G., Cutler, M. J., Day, J. D., Jacobs, V., Mallender, C., Osborn, J. S., Stevens, S. M., Weiss, J. P., Woller, S. C. Tags: Arrhythmias, Electrophysiology, Atrial Fibrillation Original Research Source Type: research

Comparing characteristics and clinical and echocardiographic outcomes in low ‐flow vs normal‐flow severe aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction in an Asian population
ConclusionsLow‐flow AS despite normal LVEF appears similar to normal‐flow in terms of LVEF deterioration and clinical outcomes in our Asian population. AVR rate was lower even though low‐flow may not reflect less severe disease.
Source: Echocardiography - April 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam, Benjamin Yong ‐Qiang Tan, Ching‐Hui Sia, Glenn K.M. Lee, William K.F. Kong, Yiong‐Huak Chan, Kian‐Keong Poh Tags: ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Source Type: research

Abstract 155: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy by Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell Electrocardiogram Voltage Criteria in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patients Session Title: Poster Session II
Conclusion: The presence of LVH by Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell ECG voltage criteria poorly correlates with the presence of LVH and critical aortic stenosis in TAVR patients. Women are more likely to have voltage criteria for LVH. Therefore, ECG may not be a suitable method of screening patients with severe aortic stenosis for LVH, especially in men.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - March 31, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xiao, E., Delago, A., El-Hajjar, M., Bulibek, B., Torosoff, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session II Source Type: research

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Versus Re-do Surgery for Failing Surgical Aortic Bioprosthesis: a Multi-Centre Propensity Score Analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with aortic bioprosthesis failure treated with either redo-SAVR or TAV-in-SAV have similar 30-day and 1-year clinical outcomes. PMID: 28760721 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: EuroIntervention - August 3, 2017 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Tags: EuroIntervention Source Type: research

Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in Adult Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: An Observational Study.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of low cerebral oximetry values underscores the importance of increasing the sensitivity of monitoring tools. Further evaluation is required to assess the value of this modality and the role of nurses in optimizing neurocognitive outcomes. PMID: 29284341 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Contemporary Nurse - December 30, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Contemp Nurse Source Type: research

A Lumped Parameter Model to Study Atrioventricular Valve Regurgitation in Stage 1 and Changes Across Stage 2 Surgery in Single Ventricle Patients
Conclusion: In patients with moderate to severe AVVR, restoration of atrioventricular valve competence prior to, or at the time of, Stage 2 surgery would likely lead to improved haemodynamics and clinical outcome as the models suggest that uncorrected AV- R can worsen across Stage 2 surgery. This was found to be independent of the AVVR degree and mechanisms.
Source: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering - October 23, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Mitral valve surgery with or without coronary bypass grafting: eight-year cohort study.
CONCLUSION: MVR+CABG compared to MVR patients had more comorbidities and greater operative risk, and were independently associated with higher operative mortality and composite morbidity, but not independently associated with higher long-term mortality. PMID: 31415499 [PubMed - in process]
Source: New Zealand Medical Journal - August 16, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: N Z Med J Source Type: research

A Comparative Study of TAVR versus SAVR in Moderate and High-Risk Surgical Patients: Hospital Outcome and Midterm Results.
CONCLUSION: In this study, we could not detect an advantage in survival when SAVR or TAVR were utilized in intermediate to high surgical risk patients needing aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis. PMID: 31596707 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Heart Surgery Forum - August 26, 2019 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Abdelgawad AME, Hussein MA, Naeim H, Abuelatta R, Alghamdy S Tags: Heart Surg Forum Source Type: research

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