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Condition: Ischemic Stroke
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Total 362 results found since Jan 2013.

Cognitive oriented strategy training augmented rehabilitation (COSTAR) for ischemic stroke: a pilot exploratory randomized controlled study.
Conclusion: Negligible findings may be attributed to an inadvertent treatment group equivalency. Further, the research design did not allow for adequate measurement of the effect of each intervention on participants' ability to generalize learned skills. Implications for rehabilitation Stroke rehabilitation is largely based upon the principles of task-specific training, which is associated with improvements in upper extremity motor performance; however, TST requires a heavy dosage and lacks generalization to untrained activities. Cognitive strategy use has been associated with improved generalization of treatment to untrai...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - May 31, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Wolf TJ, Doherty M, Boone A, Rios J, Polatajko H, Baum C, McEwen S Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

External Validation of a Scoring System for Predicting Fracture Risk After Ischemic Stroke
This prognostic study evaluated medical records of survivors of ischemic stroke from a national Canadian database to develop and validate a scoring system to predict low-trauma fractures within 1 year of hospital discharge.
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Routine Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor Therapy in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsRoutine GPI administration in STEMI resulted in mortality reduction, driven by reductions in recurrent ischemic events – however predominantly in trials pre-prasugrel/ticagrelor. Trials in contemporary STEMI management are needed to confirm these findings.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 8, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Blinded Randomized trial of Anticoagulation to prevent Ischemic stroke and Neurocognitive impairment in AF (BRAIN-AF): Methods and design
ConclusionBRAIN-AF will determine whether oral anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban compared with standard of care reduces the risk of stroke, TIA or cognitive decline in patients with non-valvular AF and a low risk of stroke.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 8, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Reduction of Leukocyte Microvascular Adherence and Preservation of Blood-Brain Barrier Function by Superoxide-Lowering Therapies in a Piglet Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
Conclusion: Using three different strategies to either prevent formation or enhance elimination of O2⋅_ during the post-asphyxial period, we saw both reduced leukocyte adherence and preserved BBB function with treatment. These findings suggest that agents which lower O2⋅_ in brain may be attractive new therapeutic interventions for the protection of the neonatal brain following asphyxia. Introduction Asphyxia is a relatively common source of neonatal brain damage (1), affecting ~2 in every 1,000 births (2). The hypoxic ischemia resulting from this oxygen deprivation can produ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Prothrombotic State in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With One Additional Risk Factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score (Beyond Sex)
ConclusionsA prothrombotic state (increased thrombin generation, denser fibrin clots, impaired fibrinolysis, and endothelial injury) characterizes patients with AF with 1 additional clinical stroke risk factor (beyond sex), with age 65-74 years being particularly associated with prothrombotic indices.RésuméContexteLa question de savoir si un état prothrombotique survient chez les patients atteints de fibrillation auriculaire (FA) à faible risque d’accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) n’a pas été élucidée.MéthodologieNous avons étudié 118 patients atteints de FA présentant un score CHA2DS2-VASc (insuffisance...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - April 27, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Associations of Anemia With Outcomes in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Anemia on admission was associated with higher mortality and an increased risk of poor outcome in patients with ICH. However, the results were limited by the high heterogeneity of included studies. Prospective, multi-center or population-based, large sample cohort studies are needed in the future. Introduction Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common cause of stroke and a highly lethal disease (1), which still lacks effective therapeutic interventions (2, 3). Although age, baseline ICH volume and neurological status on admission are well-known predictors of outcome of ICH (4), none of t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Management of transient ischemic attack or nondisabling stroke related to extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis.
Authors: Kapila V, Jetty P, Basile VS, Dubois L PMID: 30988042 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Canadian Medical Association Journal - April 17, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: CMAJ Source Type: research

Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Is Associated With Circadian and Other Variability in Embolus Detection
Conclusions: Embolism associated with asymptomatic carotid stenosis shows circadian variation with highest rates 4–6 h before midday. This corresponds with peak circadian incidence of stroke and other vascular complications. These and ASED Study results show that monitoring frequency, duration, and time of day are important in ES detection. Introduction Transcranial Doppler (TCD) detected microembolism in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) may help stratify the risk of stroke and other arterial disease complications in persons with advanced (≥60%) asymptomatic carotid stenosis. If so, this t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Reveals Refined-Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (BBG) as a Potential Ischemic Stroke Treatment Drug With Efficacy and a Favorable Therapeutic Window
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. The protocol was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. Author Contributions JW, MY, and LK conceived the experiments and helped to coordinate support and funding. XF performed the research and drafted the manuscript. SL, YL, and DX participated in the experiments. JW analyzed the data and edited the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of an...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Postoperative Cerebral Hemodynamic Evaluation
Conclusion: There is a wide heterogeneity of postoperative cerebral hemodynamic findings among TBI patients who underwent DC, including hemodynamic heterogeneity between their cerebral hemispheres. DC was proved to be effective for the treatment of cerebral oligoemia. Our data support the concept of heterogeneous nature of the pathophysiology of the TBI and suggest that DC as the sole treatment modality is insufficient. Introduction Decompressive craniectomy (DC) may effectively decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) and increase cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with refracto...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Characteristic Cerebrovascular Findings Associated with ACTA2 Gene Mutations.
Abstract A specific mutation (Arg179) of the ACTA2 gene has previously been described to cause a syndrome of multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction with an extremely characteristic cerebrovascular appearance.1 Accurate neuroimaging diagnosis of this entity is important as this syndrome predisposes to complications such as early-onset ischemic stroke and ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm.2,3 The following case demonstrates a previously undescribed ACTA2 mutation (Met46) with an identical cerebrovascular imaging appearance to that of Arg179 mutations, but a less severe overall phenotype. PMID: 30975232 [PubMe...
Source: The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhang A, Jo A, Grajewski K, Kim J Tags: Can J Neurol Sci Source Type: research

Characterizing the Penumbras of White Matter Hyperintensities and Their Associations With Cognitive Function in Patients With Subcortical Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment
Conclusion In this study, reduced CBF and FA and increased MD in the inner NAWM layers for both PVWMH and DWMH suggested extensive WM alterations beyond the visible WM lesions commonly observed on clinical MRI of svMCI subjects. CBF penumbras cover more extensive WM at risk than DTI penumbras, suggesting the likelihood that compromised CBF precedes white matter integrity changes, and CBF penumbras may be a potential target for the prevention of further microstructural white matter damage. The imaging parameters investigated, however, did not correlate to cognition. Author Contributions YZ, QX, and XG conceived and desig...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Postoperative TCD Cerebral Hemodynamic Evaluation
Conclusion: There is a wide heterogeneity of postoperative cerebral hemodynamic findings among TBI patients who underwent DC, including hemodynamic heterogeneity between their cerebral hemispheres. DC was proved to be effective for the treatment of cerebral oligoemia. Our data support the concept of heterogeneous nature of the pathophysiology of the TBI and suggest that DC as the sole treatment modality is insufficient. Introduction Decompressive craniectomy (DC) may effectively decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) and increase cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with refracto...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research