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Condition: Obesity
Drug: Insulin

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Total 476 results found since Jan 2013.

Catching Dick: Not Why We Care About Weight
Amy Schumer said in her humorous acceptance speech at the Glamour Women of the Year Awards: "I'm like 160 pounds right now, and I can catch a dick whenever I want, and that's the truth." The line, like many in her speech, is obviously very funny. But the humor is directed at a misperception that is not so funny. With our society's superficial focus on youth and appearance, we have emphasized all the wrong reasons for maintaining a healthy body weight, which has nothing to do with "catching dick." We are sold the idea that remaining slim is primarily important as a means of attracting the opposite sex, rather than as a pa...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - June 4, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news

What have we learned about GPER function in physiology and disease from knockout mice?
Publication date: Available online 16 July 2015 Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Author(s): Eric R. Prossnitz, Helen J. Hathaway Estrogens, predominantly 17β-estradiol, exert diverse effects throughout the body in both normal and patho-physiology, during development and in reproductive, metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, nervous, musculoskeletal and immune systems. Estrogen and its receptors also play important roles in carcinogenesis and therapy, particularly for breast cancer. In addition to the classical nuclear estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) that traditionally mediate predomi...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - July 17, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from this issue
Prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) is an urgent unmet clinical need given its association with a higher risk of stroke, heart failure and death. Known risk factors for AF include age, hypertension, body mass index and diabetes as well as markers of systemic inflammation; all of which likely contribute to the high prevalence of this dysrhythmia in our aging, increasingly obese, population. However, there currently are no established biomarkers to help in assessment of AF risk. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-generated hormone with lower levels seen with increased adiposity. Adiponectin has insulin sensitizing, anti-inflamma...
Source: Heart - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Heartbeat Source Type: research

Hypoglycemia and Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract Hypoglycemia is one of the major barriers in optimizing glycemic control. In type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia is associated with multiple morbidities (eg, myocardial ischemia, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke, dementia, psychosocial dysfunction, obesity, microvascular complications, cancer, and diseases of respiratory, digestive, and dermatological systems). Risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes include old age, long disease duration, low body mass index, high baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), treatment with insulin and sulphonylurea, renal dysfunction, albuminuria, reduce...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 4, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Identifying and Describing the Impact of Cyclone, Storm and Flood Related Disasters on Treatment Management, Care and Exacerbations of Non-communicable Diseases and the Implications for Public Health
Conclusion Cyclone, flood and storm related disasters impact on treatment management and overall care for people with NCDs. This results in an increased risk of exacerbation of illness or even death. The interruption may be caused by a range of factors, such as damaged transport routes, reduced health services, loss of power and evacuations. The health impact varies according to the NCD. For people with chronic respiratory diseases, a disaster increases the risk of acute exacerbation. Meanwhile, for people with cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes there is an increased risk of their illness exacerbating, which can ...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - September 28, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: jc164421 Source Type: research

WITHDRAWN: Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: Metformin may be the first therapeutic option in the diabetes mellitus type 2 with overweight or obesity, as it may prevent some vascular complications, and mortality. Metformin produces beneficial changes in glycaemia control, and moderated in weight, lipids, insulinaemia and diastolic blood pressure. Sulphonylureas, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, insulin, and diet fail to show more benefit for glycaemia control, body weight, or lipids, than metformin. PMID: 26421423 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 30, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Saenz A, Fernandez-Esteban I, Mataix A, Ausejo Segura M, Roqué I Figuls M, Moher D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Incident Small Vessel Disease on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— The IR score and central obesity are associated with incident lacunar disease but not WMH progression in individuals. Central obesity and IR may be important risk factors to target to prevent lacunar disease.
Source: Stroke - October 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dearborn, J. L., Schneider, A. L. C., Sharrett, A. R., Mosley, T. H., Bezerra, D. C., Knopman, D. S., Selvin, E., Jack, C. R., Coker, L. H., Alonso, A., Wagenknecht, L. E., Windham, B. G., Gottesman, R. F. Tags: Glucose intolerance, CT and MRI, Cerebral Lacunes, Epidemiology Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Metabolically Healthy Obesity Is Not Associated with Food Intake in White or Black Men Nutritional Epidemiology
Conclusion: Healthy obesity in men is not associated with a healthier diet. Future studies need to consider dietary patterns, which may better inform the holistic effect of diet on healthy obesity, in prospective analyses.
Source: Journal of Nutrition - November 2, 2015 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kimokoti, R. W., Judd, S. E., Shikany, J. M., Newby, P. Tags: Nutritional Epidemiology Source Type: research

Insulin resistance: an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Abstract Sedentary life style and high calorie dietary habits are prominent leading cause of metabolic syndrome in modern world. Obesity plays a central role in occurrence of various diseases like hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which lead to insulin resistance and metabolic derangements like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediated by oxidative stress. The mortality rate due to CVDs is on the rise in developing countries. Insulin resistance (IR) leads to micro or macro angiopathy, peripheral arterial dysfunction, hampered blood flow, hypertension, as well as the cardiomyocyte and the endothelia...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - November 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Abstract P636: Sex Differences in Cardioprotective AT2R Expression in Diabetic Rats and Its Correlation with Myocardial Damage Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Healthy, young women are protected from CVD, while diabetic women are more susceptible to CVD compared to age-matched diabetic men and non-diabetic women. Underlying mechanisms for this sex difference in CVD are not fully elucidated. The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is a member of the protective, vasodilative arm of the renin angiotensin system. The Agtr2 gene that codes for AT2R is X-linked, and increased Agtr2 expression is reported in female vasculature of rodent models. We hypothesized that a sex difference might exist in DM...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lum-Naihe, K., Mahmood, A., Bajwa, J., Emter, C. A., Pulakat, L. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Abstract P638: Investigating Gene Pleiotropy in the Metabolic Syndrome in Lyon Hypertensive Rats Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) - hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance - is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Our overall goal is to identify novel genes and pathways causing MetS. Our previous work determined that rat chromosome 17 (RNO17) contributes to several MetS-defining traits (including high blood pressure, obesity, and dyslipidemia) in the Lyon Hypertensive (LH) rat, a genetically determined MetS rat model. We hypothesized that at least some of the traits on RNO17 are controlled by a single gene with pleiotropic effects. To address this hypothesis, we generated congeni...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kwitek, A. E., Pettus, J., Jakoubek, J., Ma, J. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Pediatric obesity: Causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment.
Authors: Xu S, Xue Y Abstract Pediatric or childhood obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disorder among children and adolescents worldwide. Approximately 43 million individuals are obese, 21-24% children and adolescents are overweight, and 16-18% of individuals have abdominal obesity. The prevalence of obesity is highest among specific ethnic groups. Obesity increases the risk of heart diseases in children and adults. Childhood obesity predisposes the individual to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, liver and kidney diseases and causes reproductive dysfunction in adults. Obe...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - February 4, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research

Strain differences in antioxidants in rat models of cardiovascular disease exposed to ozone.
We examined the hypothesis that antioxidant substances and enzymes in lung, heart and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are altered in response to O3 in cardiovascular disease and/or metabolic syndrome (CVD)-prone rat models. CVD strains [spontaneously hypertensive (SH), SH stroke-prone (SHSP), SHHF/Mcc heart failure obese (SHHF), insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp obese (JCR) and Fawn-Hooded hypertensive (FHH)] were compared with normal strains [Wistar, Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY)]. Total glutathione (GSH + GSSG or GSx), reduced ascorbate (AH2), uric acid (UA) and antioxidant enzymes were determined in lu...
Source: Inhalation Toxicology - February 18, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Inhal Toxicol Source Type: research

You Don't Need To Lose A Lot Of Weight To Start Seeing Health Benefits
This study clarifies conventional wisdom among obesity experts, who have traditionally advised patients to lose 5 to 10 percent of their body weight in order to improve blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar levels. But as anyone who has ever tried to lose weight can attest, there is a big difference between 5 percent and 10 percent.   "That’s a very vague, wide range," Klein said. "It’s much harder to achieve a 10 percent weight loss than it is to achieve a five percent weight loss." Klein said his study shows that even just a little bit of weight loss is enough to improve health, and that peopl...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - February 23, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Evidence for natural selection at the melanocortin-3 receptor gene in European and African populations
Conclusions These findings provide evidence for natural selection at MC3R. Further investigation is warranted into adaptive evolution at T2DM- and obesity-associated genes.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - February 24, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research