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Total 62 results found since Jan 2013.

Role of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in suppressing lipid accumulation by glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in hepatocytes
ConclusionsOur data reveals that exendin-4 stimulates hepatic ABCA1 expression and reduces lipid accumulation by the CaMKK/CaMKIV/PREB pathway, suggesting that ABCA1 and PREB might be the therapeutic targets in fatty liver disease.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - January 7, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Identification of a hormone response element that mediates suppression of APOF by LXR and PPARα agonists
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of LipidsAuthor(s): Yan Liu, Lahoucine Izem, Richard E. MortonAbstractApolipoprotein F (ApoF) regulates cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. We previously observed that hepatic APOF mRNA levels are decreased by high fat, cholesterol-enriched diets. Here we show in human liver C3A cells that APOF mRNA levels are reduced by agonists of LXR and PPARα nuclear receptors. This negative regulation requires co-incubation with the RXR agonist, retinoic acid. Bioinformatic analysis of the ~2 kb sequen...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids - December 7, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

ApoF knockdown increases cholesteryl ester transfer to LDL and impairs cholesterol clearance in fat-fed hamsters Research Articles
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) regulates intravascular lipoprotein metabolism. In vitro studies indicate that ApoF alters CETP function by inhibiting its activity with LDL. To explore in vivo the complexities driving ApoF’s effects on CETP, we developed a siRNA-based hamster model of ApoF knockdown. In both male and female hamsters on chow- or fat-fed diets, we measured lipoprotein levels and composition, determined CETP-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters (CEs) between lipoproteins, and quantified reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We found that apoF knockdown in chow-fed hamsters had no effect on l...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - October 31, 2019 Category: Lipidology Authors: Morton, R. E., Liu, Y., Izem, L. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Carbonic Anhydrase 1-Mediated Calcification Is Associated With Atherosclerosis, and Methazolamide Alleviates Its Pathogenesis
Vascular calcification is an important pathogenic process in atherosclerosis (AS); however, its immediate cause is unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) stimulates ossification and calcification in ankylosing spondylitis and breast cancer. The current study investigated whether CA1 plays an important role in AS calcification and whether the CA inhibitor methazolamide (MTZ) has a therapeutic effect on AS. We successfully established an AS model by administration of a high-fat diet to ApoE-/- mice. The treated animals had significantly increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein chol...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - July 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

An Inhibitor of Activated Blood Coagulation Factor X Shows Anti-Endothelial Senescence and Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects
Conclusion: Rivaroxaban prevents replicative senescence in HUVECs and aortic endothelial cells in dyslipidemic diabetic mice. It restores endothelial function and prevents the progression of atherosclerosis.J Vasc Res
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 2, 2019 Category: Research Source Type: research

Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in relieving the effects of TSF against NAFLD, which were mediated by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure 7D). These findings may improve our current understanding of the role of TSF in treating hepatic steatosis and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of TSF in NAFLD and its related metabolic syndrome. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Co...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

FGF21 as Modulator of Metabolism in Health and Disease
In conclusion, FGF21 belongs to a promising class of cytokines that are induced in response to stress and that can be used as a drug, drug target, or through a biomarker, depending on the physio-pathological context. All these findings will become clear when FGF21 will be used as a therapeutic molecule, exploiting the beneficial effects of FGF21 for treating metabolic disease or when it will be blocked to ameliorate disease progression and the onset of disease. Author Contributions CT and MS wrote the manuscript. VR contributed to the discussion. Funding This work was supported from the AFM-Telethon (19524), Italian Mi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Genetic Regulation of Liver Metabolites and Transcripts Linking to Biochemical-Clinical Parameters
Conclusion In summary, this study is the first to combine metabolomics, transcriptomics, and genome-wide association studies in a porcine model. Our results improve understanding of the genetic regulation of metabolites which link to transcripts and finally biochemical-clinical parameters. Further, high-performance profiling of metabolites as intermediate phenotypes is a potentially powerful approach to uncover how genetic variation affects metabolic and health status. Our results advance knowledge in areas of biomedical and agricultural interest and identify potential correlates of biomarkers, SNPs-metabolites, SNPs-tran...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 16, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Polydatin Attenuates Atherosclerosis in ApoE - ∕- Mice through PBEF Mediated Reduction of Cholesterol Deposition.
In conclusion, Polydatin relieves atherosclerosis injury in ApoE -∕- mice, mainly through down-regulation of PBEF and inhibition of PBEF-inducing cholesterol deposits in macrophages. PMID: 30537866 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine - December 11, 2018 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Huang Z, Tian G, Cheng S, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Jia Y, Zhou F Tags: Am J Chin Med Source Type: research

Sonodynamic therapy-induced foam cells apoptosis activates the phagocytic PPAR γ -LXR α -ABCA1/ABCG1 pathway and promotes cholesterol efflux in advanced plaque
Conclusions: Activation of PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1 pathway induced by ALA-SDT treatment engages a virtuous cycle that enhances efferocytosis, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory reactions in advanced plaque in vivo and in phagocytes in vitro.
Source: Theranostics - December 7, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Huan Wang, Yang Yang, Xin Sun, Fang Tian, Shuyuan Guo, Wei Wang, Zhen Tian, Hong Jin, Zhiguo Zhang, Ye Tian Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 deficiency promotes atherosclerotic plaque instability through accelerating mitochondrial ROS-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell senescence
This study was designed to examine the effect of ALDH2 deficiency on cholesterol diet-induced atherosclerotic plaque progression and plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis-prone ApoE knockout (ApoE−/−) mice with a focus on foam cell formation in macrophages and senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Serum lipid profile, plaque progression, and plaque vulnerability were examined in ApoE−/− and ALDH2/ApoE double knockout (ALDH2−/−ApoE−/−) mice after high-cholesterol diet intake for 8 weeks. ALDH2 deficiency increased the serum levels of triglycerides while it decreased levels of total choleste...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - October 11, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Yangonin protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through farnesoid X receptor
ConclusionsYangonin protects against NAFLD due to its activation of FXR signalling to inhibit hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis, and to promote lipid metabolism and glycogen synthesis, as well as insulin sensitivity.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - September 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Activation of the CXCL16/CXCR6 pathway promotes lipid deposition in fatty livers of apolipoprotein E knockout mice and HepG2 cells.
This study aimed to investigate the role of CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) in NAFLD under inflammation. We used IL-1β stimulation in human hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) for in vitro studies and casein injection in apolipoprotein E knockout mice in vivo to induce inflammatory stress. The effects of inflammation on cholesterol accumulation were examined by histochemical staining and a quantitative intracellular cholesterol assay. The gene and protein expression of molecules involved in CXCL16/CXCR6 pathway and extracellular matrix (ECM) were examined by real-time polyme...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - July 19, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Sterol carrier protein-2 deficiency attenuates diet-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in mice Metabolism
Intracellular cholesterol transport proteins move cholesterol to different subcellular compartments and thereby regulate its final metabolic fate. In hepatocytes, for example, delivery of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)–associated cholesterol for bile acid synthesis or secretion into bile facilitates cholesterol elimination from the body (anti-atherogenic effect), whereas delivery for esterification and subsequent incorporation into apolipoprotein B–containing atherogenic lipoproteins (e.g. very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)) enhances cholesterol secretion into the systemic circulation (pro-atherogenic effect). Intrace...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - June 15, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hongliang He, Jing Wang, Paul J. Yannie, Genta Kakiyama, William J. Korzun, Shobha Ghosh Tags: Lipids Source Type: research

Berberine alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation by increasing ABCA1 through the protein kinase C δ pathway.
Abstract Abnormal lipid metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) protein mediates the transport of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells to apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) to generate nascent HDL particles. Previous studies revealed that the overexpression of ABCA1 alleviated hepatic lipid levels by modifying lipid transport. Here, we examined the effect of berberine (BBR) on ABCA1 in QSG-7701 hepatocytes and in mice. BBR decreased hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It also increased ABCA1 protein levels but not ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - March 2, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liang H, Wang Y Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research